New English Curriculum for Chinese Primary Schools and JuniorSenior Middle SchoolsWord文档格式.docx

New English Curriculum for Chinese Primary Schools and JuniorSenior Middle SchoolsWord文档格式.docx

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Part1:

Introduction

Withtheadventoftheinformationageandtheglobaleconomy,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Englishisthedominantcarrierofinformationandthemostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.ManycountrieshavemadeEnglishacornerstoneofqualityeducationwhendevelopingstrategiesforbasiceducation.

SinceChina’sreformandopening,thescaleofitsEnglisheducationhascontinuallygrown,attendedbysignificantachievementsinteachingandlearning.However,Englisheducationinitscurrentformisfailingtomeettheneedsofcontemporarysocialandeconomicdevelopment.

ThecurrentroundofreformstotheEnglishcurriculumaimtoendthefollowingpractices:

l 

Over-emphasizingthetransmissionandexplanationofknowledgeaboutgrammarandvocabulary

Neglectingtodevelopstudents’abilitytouselanguageforreal

Intheirplace,thereformsaimtoestablishacurriculumthat:

Developsstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence

Motivatesstudents,isrelevanttotheirlifeexperiencesandcognitivelevel

Promotestask-basedteachingmethods

Involvesstudentsinexperiential,practical,participatoryandcooperativelearning

Developsstudents’positiveattitudes,thinkingskills,practicalabilities,culturalawarenessandautonomythroughthelanguagelearningprocess

1. 

TheNatureoftheNewCurriculum

ThenewEnglishcurriculumstrivestoaccomplishfarmorethanjusthelpstudentslearnEnglish.AtonelevellearningEnglishshouldinvolvehelpingstudentsto:

Developacertainlevelofcomprehensivelanguagecompetenceandtheabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunication

Mastercertainbasiclanguageknowledge

Masterlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskills

However,atanotherlevelthecurriculumshouldalsoservestudents’all-rounddevelopment,providingthemwithopportunitiesto:

StrengthentheirinterestinstudyingEnglish

Growinself-discipline,perseveranceandself-confidence

Improvetheircooperative,investigativeandthinkingabilities

Developtheirmemory,imaginationandcreativity 

Adoptgoodstudyhabitsandeffectivelearningstrategies

Developasautonomousandlifelonglearners

Buildmoralintegrityandahealthyoutlookonlife

Establishbothnationalspiritandanawarenessofandrespectforculturaldifferences

Broadentheirhorizonsandenrichtheirlifeexperience

Takepartinculturallife

Developasindividuals

2. 

BasicPrinciplesoftheNewCurriculum

2.1Thecurriculumpromotesqualityeducation（asopposedtoexam-orientatededucation）andtheall-rounddevelopmentofthestudents

Topromotequalityeducationparticularattentionmustbepaidto:

Valuingeachstudent’sfeelings

Stimulatingstudents’interestinstudyingEnglish

Helpingstudentsgainasenseofachievementandself-confidence

Thecurriculummustgobeyonddevelopingstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetencetoincludeareassuchas:

Improvingstudents’abilitytocontributetoculturalandsociallife

Developingstudents’practicalabilities

Fosteringstudents’creativity

2.2Thecurriculumobjectivesareholisticandflexible.

ThefundamentalaimofthenewEnglishcurriculumistodevelopstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence.Thisaimisbrokendownintofivegeneralobjectives.Theseobjectivesarethendividedintonineabilitylevelswithdescriptorsprovidedforeachlevel.Thefivegeneralobjectivesare:

LanguageSkills

LanguageKnowledge

3. 

AttitudestoLearning

4. 

LearningStrategies

5. 

CulturalAwareness

Thisdesignallowsstudentstoprogresssystematicallythrougheachlevelwhilstmeetingthefullrangeofthecurriculum’sdemands.

2.3Studentsareputatthecentreofthecurriculumandindividualdifferencesarerespected

Students’mustbeattheheartofthenewcurriculum.Forexample,theirdevelopmentalneedsmustbethecentralconsiderationwhendeveloping:

Curriculumobjectives

Theteachingandlearningprocess

Theassessmentprocess

Teachingandlearningresources

Whenimplementingthecurriculumeachstudentmustbeallowedtodevelopindividuallyundertheguidanceoftheteacher:

2.4Thecurriculumpromotesactivity-basedmethods,experientialandparticipatorylearning

Thecurriculumpromotestask-basedlearningwhereby,undertheguidanceoftheteacher,thestudentsgainasenseofachievementbyreachingthegoalsofthetask.Taskcompletionwillinvolvethefollowingtypesoflearning:

Sensory

Experiential

‘Handson’/practical

Participatory

Cooperative

Inordertoimprovetheirabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunication,studentsshouldalsobeableto:

Adjusttheirlearningstrategiesandcontroltheiremotions

Formpositiveattitudestowardslearning

2.5Thecurriculumrecognizestheimportantroleofformativeassessmentinpromotingstudent’development

Theassessmentsystemshouldcombineformativewithsummativeassessment.Thepurposesofassessmentshouldbeto:

Promotestudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence

Encourageandmotivatestudents

Helpstudentsbecomemoreautonomouslearners

Benefitstudents’healthypersonaldevelopment

Giveteachersusefulfeedbackfromwhichtodevelopteachingandlearning

InformtheongoingdevelopmentandperfectionoftheEnglishcurriculum

FormativeassessmentshouldbeanimportantpartoftheEnglishteachingandlearningprocesswithaparticularemphasison:

Encouragingstudents’activeparticipationinlearning

Improvingstudents’self-confidence

Summativeassessmentshouldfocuson:

Testingstudents’integratedlanguageskills

Testingstudents’abilitytouselanguage

2.6Thecurriculumexpandstherangeoflearningresourcesandopportunitiesavailable

Thecurriculumshouldstrivetouseanddevelopresourceswhosecontentis:

Realistic

Closetothestudents’lives

Contemporary

Healthy

Richandvaried

Activeuseshouldbemadeof:

Audiovisualmaterial

Printmedia

TheInternet

Studentsshouldbeencouragedtotakeresponsibilityforfinding,usinganddevelopinglearningresourcesthemselves.

TheCurriculumDesign

Thecurriculumfollowstheinternationalpracticeofdividingthegeneralobjectivesintodifferentabilitylevels.Whendesigningtheseninelevelsconsiderationwasgiventothefollowing:

Thenatureoflanguagedevelopment

Thedifferentneedsofdifferentagegroups

Theneedsofdifferentethnicgroupsandareas

TheeconomicimbalancesthatexistinChina

Theaimistohavedesignedasystemthatisholisticandflexible.

Thecorrespondencebetweenthelevelsystemandthegradesystemisshowninthefollowingdiagram:

PrimarySchool

Worktowards:

Notes

Grade3

Level1

StudentsshouldstartstudyingEnglishinGrade3

Grade4

Grade5

Level2

Grade6

Therequiredstandardfortheendofprimaryschool

JuniorMiddleSchool

Grade7（=Junior1）

Level3

Grade8（=Junior2）

Level4

Grade9（=Junior3）

Level5

Therequiredstandardfortheendofjuniormiddleschool

SeniorMiddleSchool

Senior1

Level6

Senior2

Level7

Senior3

Level8

Therequiredstandardforseniormiddleschoolgraduation

Level9

Anextensionlevelforspecialistschoolsandablestudents

Diagram1:

TheLevelsandtheGrades

Part2:

IntroductiontoTheGeneralObjectives

Thefundamentalaimofthenewcurriculumistodevelopstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence.Thiscomprehensivelanguagecompetenceisachievedthroughthefivegeneralobjectivesasshowninthefollowingdiagram:

Diagram3:

ComparisonoftheOldandNewCurriculums

Languageskillsandknowledgeformthebasisofcomprehensivelanguagecompetence

Thestudents’attitudestolearningstronglyinfluencetheirlearninganddevelopment

Successfullearningstrategiesimprovetheeffectivenessofstudents’learning

Culturalawarenessensuresstudentsuselanguageappropriately

Theoveralldescriptorsforcomprehensivelanguagecompetence（i.e.acombinationofallfivegeneralobjectives）forLevels1to9arepresentedbelow:

Level

Descriptors

1

Studentsarecuriousabout