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Comprehension15minutes
ENGLISHQUALIFICATIONTEST
FORABACHELOR’SDEGREE
(Nov.2003)
PaperOne
PartⅠListeningComprehension(15minutes15%)(共15题略)
PartIIReadingComprehension:
Directions:
Therearesomereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandwritedownthecorrespondingletterintheAnswerSheet.
RecentlyIdecidedtoholdsomepoetryreadingsforfriends,partlyforaselfishreason,likingtohearthesoundofmyownvoice,butalsobecauseIsuspectedthatthereisadimensionofpleasureandunderstandingthatwemissbyreadingpoemsonlytoourselves.
Themostbasicpreliminaryquestionofanyreadingiswhoreads.Oneanswerwouldbetoaskeveryonetoprepareoneortwopoems,andtogoaroundtheroom.Thisgiveseveryonesomethingtodo,anditexposeseveryonetoavarietyoftastesandinterpretations.
Analternativeistoletonehamruntheshow.Theabilitytoreadaloud,likeanyothertalent,isunevenlydistributed;it’sprobablybetternottohearapoematallthantohearitmangled.Readingaloudisalsoamentaland,toadegree,aphysicaleffort.(86)Ifonlyonepersondoesit,then,everyoneelsecanenjoytheunalloyedpleasureoflistening.Ifit’snotapleasure,thereaderwillhavenoguestsforhissecondreading.
Ithoughtitwasonlyfairtomylistenerstorewardthemfortheirattentionwithfoodanddrink,butonlyfairtometowithholdituntilIhadfinished.Ilimitedthereadingtoonehour.
16.Accordingtothispassage,readingpoetryaloudtootherpeople
A. Isaselfishthing
B. Givesonenopleasureorunderstanding
C. Givesoneakindofpleasuredifferentfromsilentreading
D. Isasuspiciousact.
17.Theauthorbelievesthatwhenpeoplereadapoemaloud,they
A.Showtheirownwaysofunderstanding
B.Betraytheirpoortastesinliterature
C.Takeawalkaroundtheroom
D.Arehappytohavefoundsomethingtodo
18.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestformforapoetryreadingsession?
A.Askeveryonetoparticipateinthereading
B.Askonetalentedpersontodothereadingthroughout.
C.Inviteeveryonetowalkaroundtheroom.
D.Askonepersontoreadafewpoemsandthenletotherstaketheirturns.
19.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofpeople’sabilitytoreadaloudwell?
A.Suchanabilityisnotamatteroftalent.
B.Noonehasthetalenttodoso.
C.Noteveryonehasthatability.
D.Everyonehastheability
20.Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Theauthorgavelistenersfoodonlyafterthereadinghadfinished.
B.Theauthorwaseatingwhileotherpeoplewerereading.
C.Thelistenerswereeatingwhiletheauthorwasreading.
D.Thelistenersgavetheauthordrinksbywayofthanks.
Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertoleranceinmixedsocieties.(87)Allthesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.Inasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanyways,therearefeweroccasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityforchangebecauseeverythingseemstobethesame.Andalthoughconditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,theyareatleastcustomaryandundisputed.
Withinasociety,socialchangeisalsolikelytooccurmorefrequentlyandmorereadilyinthematerialaspectsoftheculturethaninthenon-material,forexample,intechnologyratherthaninvalues;inwhathasbeenlearnedlaterinliferatherthanwhatwaslearnedearly;inthelessbasicandlessemotionalaspectsofsocietythanintheiropposites;inthesimpleelementsratherthaninthecomplexones;informratherthaninsubstance;andinelementsthatareacceptabletothecultureratherthaninstrangeelements.
Furthermore,socialchangeiseasierifitisgradual.Forexample,itcomesmorereadilyinhumanrelationsonacontinuousscaleratherthanonewithsharpdichotomies(一分为二).(88)ThisisonereasonwhychangehasnotcomemorequicklytoBlackAmericansascomparedtootherAmericanminorities,becauseofthesharpdifferenceinappearancebetweenthemandtheirwhitecounterparts.
21.Thepassageismainlydiscussing__________.
A.thenecessityofsocialchange
B.certainfactorsthatdeterminetheeasewithwhichsocialchangesoccur
C.twodifferentsocieties
D.certainfactorsthatpromotesocialchange
22.______isoneofthefactorsthattendtopromotesocialchange.
A.Jointinterest B.Differentpointsofview
C.LessemotionalpeopleD.Advancedtechnology
23.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Socialchangetendstomeetwithmoredifficultyinbasicandemotionalaspectsofsociety.
B.Disagreementwithandargumentaboutconditionstendtoslowdownsocialchange.
C.Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinthematerialaspectofsociety.
D.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinwhatpeoplelearnedwhentheywereyoung.
24.Theexpression"greatertolerance"(paragraph1)refersto_____.
A.“greaterwillingnesstoacceptsocialchange”
B.quickeradaptationtochangingcircumstances"
D."morerespectfordifferentbeliefsandbehavior"
D.greaterreadinesstoagreetodifferentopinionsandideas"
25.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanywaysbecause________.
A.peopletherehavegotsoaccustomedtotheirconditionsthatthey
seldomthinkitnecessarytochange
B.peopletherehaveidenticalneedsthatcanbesatisfiedwithoutmuch
difficulty
C.peoplethereareeasytoplease
D.peopletherearelessdisputed
MoreonyourPlate
Foryearsithasbeenpossibletosetupcamerastotakepicturesofcarsastheyspeedalonghighways,jumplightsordrivetoofastdownthestreet.However,evenifthepicturesaretakenautomatically,someonestillhastodoallthepaperworkofsendingoutfines.ButnowaBritishcompanycalledEEVhascomeupwithacomputerizedvideosystemthatcandoitallautomatically.
Theysuggestthatallnumberplateshaveabarcode(条形码)aswellastheusualnumber.Thebarcodesarejuststripesoflineslikethoseyouseeonfoodpacketsbutbigger.EEVshighspeedvideocamerasystemcanreadabar-codednumberplateevenifthecarisdoingover100milesperhour.Thecomputercontrollingthesystemcouldthenusetheinformationfromthebarcodetofindoutthenameandaddressofthedriver(fromthecarrecords),printoutthefineandsenditoffautomatically.Theinventorsalsosuggestthatthesystemshouldwatchtraffictohelpcatchstolencars.
Thenewelectronicsystemcouldbewatchingeveryonethatpassesthecameras!
(89)Manypeoplefindtheideathat“bigbrotheriswatchingyou”ismoreofaworrythanafewmotoristsgettingawaywithdrivingtoofast.Besides,somepeoplewillbeveryunhappytorealizethatwiththenewsystemthepolicecouldfindoutwhereaparticularcarhasbeen.
26.Analternative“summary”titleforthearticlecouldbe.
A.PeopleWhoDriveTooFastB.StopPeoplefromDrivingTooFast
C.EEVandthePoliceSystem
D.ImplicationsofComputerizedSystemforMotoringOffenses
27.Atraditionalfunctionofthecameraasusedbythetrafficpolice
systemisto.
A.takesnapshotsofcarsonhighwaysB.catchcarsviolatingtrafficrulesC.sendfinestofastmotoristsD.makethetrafficsystemfullyautomatic28.Thenewly-inventedsystemfunctionsmoreefficientlywiththeaidof________.
A.carnumberB.vehiclespeedingrecords
C.barcodednumbersonnumberplatesD.print-outfines
29.AllofthefollowingnamescanbeusedtodescribeEEV’sdevice
except.
A.acomputerizedvideosystemB.“BigBrother”
C.anelectronicsystemD.anautomaticfineprinter
30.Anadditionalfunctionofthenewsystemisthatitcould.
A.addcodenumbers
B.helpcatchstolencar
C.watcheveryonethatdrivestoofast
D.printoutbarcodesautomatically
(90)Sincethebeginningofhistory,manhasbeenattractedbytheideaoflivingforever,ofwiningthefightagainstdeathanddisease.Sofar,thishasonlyremainedadream,thoughaverypowerfulone.Manypeoplehavewonderedwhetheritwouldbepossibletofindawaytopreservehumanbodies,andwhatwouldbethebestwaytopreservehumanbodies.
Ithaslongbeenknownthatmeatoffruitcanbekeptfreshforlongperiodsbyfreezing;inancientChina,forexample,foodwasstoredwithicetokeepitfresh.Thismethodcouldalsobeusefulforpreservinghumans,andinfactmanypeoplehaveexploredthispossibility.
However,mostlivingbeingsthatexistunderwarmconditionsdiewhenfrozen.Thisisbecauseoftheharmfuleffectsoffreezingicecrystals(晶体),whicharenotonlylargerthanthevolumeofthewateroriginallyinthecells,butalsoformsharpcuttingshapesthatharmsthecells.
Inthe1940sDrB.J.LuyetandagroupofscientistsinEnglandwereworkingontheproblemoffreezingcellswithoutdamagingthem.Sincetheharmcausedbyicecrystalswasthemaincauseofthedamage,Luyetsuggestedremovingsomeorallofthewaterfromthecellsbeforefreezingthem.
Usinglivingcellsfromchicken,Luyetandhisassistantsdiscoveredthattheycouldpartlydrythechickencells,using