职称英语考试卫生类A级新增文章阅读理解和完型填空题Word格式.docx
《职称英语考试卫生类A级新增文章阅读理解和完型填空题Word格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《职称英语考试卫生类A级新增文章阅读理解和完型填空题Word格式.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
'
Isuspectitwon'
tbeabettersociety."
Itwouldcertainlybeaverydifferentsociety.Peoplearealreadyfindingitmoredifficulttostaymarried.Divorceratesarerising.Whatwouldhappentomarriageinasocietywherepeoplelivedfor140years?
Andwhatwouldhappentofamilylifeifnineor10generationsofthesamefamilywereallaliveatthesametime?
Researchintoageingmayenablewomentoremainfertileforlonger.Andthatraisestheprospectofhaving100-year-oldparents，orbrothersandsistersborn50yearsapart.Wethinkofaneldersiblingassomeonewhocanprotectusandofferhelpandadvice.Thatwouldbehardtodoifthatsiblingcamefromacompletelydifferentgeneration.
Workinglifewouldalsobeaffected，especiallyiftheretirementagewaslifted.Morepeoplewouldstayinworkforlonger.Thatwouldgiveusthebenefitsofage-skill，wisdomandgoodjudgment.
Ontheotherhand，morepeopleworkingforlongerwouldcreategreatercompetitionforjobs.Itwouldmakeitmoredifficultforyoungerpeopletofindajob.Toppostswouldbedominatedbythesamefewindividuals，makingcareerprogressmoredifficult.Andhoweasilywoulda25-year-oldemployeebeabletocommunicatewitha125-year-oldboss?
Youngpeoplewouldbeasmallerpartofasocietyinwhichpeoplelivedto140.Itmaybethatsuchasocietywouldplacelessimportanceonguidingandeducatingyoungpeople，andmoreonmakinglifecomfortablefortheold.
Andsocietywouldfeelverydifferentifmoreofitsmemberswereolder.Therewouldbemorewisdom，butlessenergy.Youngpeopleliketomoveabout.Oldpeopleliketositstill.Youngpeopletendtoactwithoutthinking.Oldpeopletendtothinkwithoutacting.Youngpeoplearecuriousandliketoexperiencedifferentthings.Oldpeoplearelessenthusiasticaboutchange.Infact，theyarelessenthusiasticabouteverything.
Theeffectofanti-ageingtechnologyisdeeperthanwemightthink.Butasthescienceadvances，weneedtothinkaboutthesechangesnow."
Ifthiscouldeverhappen，thenwe'
dbetteraskwhatkindofsocietywewanttoget，"
saysDanielCallahan."
Wehadbetternotgoanywherenearituntilwehavefigurethoseproblemsout."
词汇:
mice/mais/n.老鼠（复数）
sibling/'
sibli?
/n.兄弟姐妹
bioethicist//n.生物伦理学家
注释:
1.brothersandsistersborn50yearsapart出生年份相隔50年的兄弟姐妹
2.Wehadbetternotgoanywherenearit我们最好离它远点，这里的it指代前面讲的anti-ageingtechnology.
练习:
1.
WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthethingsthatlivinglongermightenableanindividualtodo?
A．Spending
moretimewithhisfamily.
B．Having
moreeducation.
C．Realizingmoredreams.
D．Workinglonger.
2.
Whichofthefollowingisimpliedinthesixthparagraph?
A．MarriagesintheUStodayarequiteunstable.
B．MoreandmorepeopleintheUStodaywanttogetmarried.
C．Livinglongerwouldmakeiteasierforpeopletomaintaintheirmaritalties.
D．Ifpeoplelivelonger，theywouldstayinmarriagelonger.
3.
AllofthefollowingarepossibleeffectslivinglongermighthaveonworkinglifeEXCEPT
A．Communicationbetweenemployersandemployeeswouldbemoredifficult.
B．Moremoneywouldbeusedbyemployeesinpaymentoftheiremployees.
C．Thejobmarketwouldbemorecompetitive.
D．Itwouldbemoredifficultforyoungpeopletobepromotedtotoppositions.
4.
Animportantfeatureofasocietyinwhichpeoplelivealonglifeisthat
A．itplacesmoreemphasisoneducatingtheyoung.
B．itisbothwiseandenergetic.
C．itlacksthecuriositytoexperimentwhatisnew.
D．itwelcomeschanges.
5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCallahan'
sattitudetoanti-ageingtechnology?
A．Optimistic.
B．Pessimistic.
C．Reserved.
D．Negative.
答案与题解：
1.B
长寿使个人能做的事主要在第三、四段里讲到，作者没有提到长寿可以让人更多地接受教育。
A
本题答案以下面的这两句话为依据:
People
arealreadyfinding
itmoredifficult
tostaymarried.
Divorceratesarerising.
暗示美国人目前的婚姻关系已经十分脆弱。
B
文章的第九段讲了寿命延长、退休推迟可能带来的种种问题，但作者没有提到雇佣者需要更多的钱来支付员工的工资。
C
答案可以在第十、十一这两段里找到。
5.
本题的答案依据可以在最后一段里找到。
Callahan认为在搞清楚长寿社会会给我们带来哪些问题之前，最好不要急着搞抗衰老的技术。
可见他对抗衰老技术的发展是有保留的。
SomePeopleDoNotTasteSaltLikeOthers
Low-saltfoodsmaybeharderforsomepeopletolikethanothers，accordingtoastudybyaPennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciencesfoodscientist.Theresearchindicatesthatgeneticfactorsinf1uencesomeofthedifferenceinthelevelsofsaltweliketoeat.
Thoseconclusionsareimportantbecauserecent，well-publicizedeffortstoreducethesaltcontentinfoodhaveleftmanypeoplestrugglingtoacceptfarethatsimplydoesnottasteasgoodtothemasitdoestoothers，pointedoutJohnHayes，assistantprofessoroffoodscience，whowasleadinvestigatoronthestudy.
Dietshighinsaltcanincreasetheriskofhighbloodpressureandstroke.Thatiswhypublichealthexpertsandfoodcompaniesareworkingtogetheronwaystohelpconsumerslowersaltintakethroughfoodsthatareenjoyabletoeat.Thisstudyincreasesunderstandingofsaltpreferenceandconsumption.
Theresearchinvolved87carefullyscreenedparticipantswhosampledsaltyfoodssuchassoupandchips，onmultipleoccasions，spreadoutoverweeks.Testsubjectswere45menand42women，reportedlyhealthy，ranginginagefrom20to40years.Thesamplewascomposedofindividualswhowerenotactivelymodifyingtheirdietaryintakeanddidnotsmokecigarettes.Theyratedtheintensityoftasteonacommonlyusedscientificscale，rangingfrombarelydetectabletostrongestsensationofanykind.
Mostofuslikethetasteofsalt.However，someindividualseatmoresalt，bothbecausetheylikethetasteofsaltinessmore，andalsobecauseitisneededtoblockotherunpleasanttastesinfood."
saidHayes."
Supertasters，peoplewhoexperiencetastesmoreintensely，consumemoresaltthandonontasters.Snackfoodshavesaltinessastheirprimaryflavor，andatleastforthesefoods，moreisbetter，sothesupertastersseemtolikethemmore."
However，supertastersalsoneedhigherlevelsofsalttoblockunpleasantbittertastesinfoodssuchascheese，Hayesnoted."
Forexample，cheeseisawonderfulblendofdairyflavorsfromfermentedmilk，butalsobittertastesfromripeningthatareblockedbysalt,"
hesaid."
Asupertasterfindslow-saltcheeseunpleasantbecausethebitternessistoopronounced."
Hayescitedresearchdonemorethan75yearsagobyachemistnamedFoxandageneticistnamedBlakeslee，showingthatindividualsdifferintheirabilitytotastecertainchemicals.Asaresult，Hayesexplained，weknowthatawiderangeintasteacuityexists，andthisvariationisasnormalasvariationsineyeandhaircolor.
Somepeople，calledsupertasters，describebittercompoundsasbeingextremelybitter，whileothers，callednontasters，findthesesamebittercompoundstobetastelessoronlyweaklybitter."
hesaid."
Responsetobittercompoundsisoneofmanywaystoidentifybiologicaldifferencesinfoodpreferencebecausesupertastingisnotlimitedtobitterness."
publicize/'
p?
blisaiz/v.引起公众对…的注意;
（用广告）宣传
dietary/'
dai?
teri/adj.饮食的;
规定食物的
ferment/'
f?
:
ment/v.（使）发酵
geneticist/d?
i'
netisist/n.遗传学家
acuity/?
'
kju:
iti/n.敏锐;
尖锐
1.PennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciences:
即PennStateUniversity-CollegeofAgriculturalSciences宾州州立大学农学院。
Penn是Pennsylvania的缩写，是美国宾夕法尼亚州州名。
宾州州立大学建于1855年，在全国共有24个分校。
在句中，PennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciences用作定语，修饰foodscientist。
2.well-publicizedeffortstoreducethesaltcontentinfood:
有关减少食物含盐量的大力宣传的做法.
3.leftmanypeoplestrugglingtoacceptfarethatsimplydoesnottasteasgoodtothemasitdoestoothers:
使得许多人努力去接受适合其他人而不适合他们口味的食物。
fare相当于food。
4.leadinvestigator:
研发项目负责人
5.…carefullyscreenedparticipantswhosampledsaltyfoodsassoupandchips，onmultipleoccasion，spreadoutoverweeks:
……经过仔细筛选的实验参与者，他们在几周内的不同时间里品尝加了盐的食物，如汤和薯条。
6.toopronounced:
此处pronounced为形容词，意为verynoticeable，conspicuous（明显的，显著的）。
7.supertasting：
超重味感
1.Inparagraph2，JohnHayespointsoutthat
itisgoodtohealthtoeatfoodwithoutsalt.
B
manypeoplerejectlow-saltfoodcompletely.
manypeopleacceptlow-salttastelessfoodreluctantly
D
foodwithreducedsalttastesbetter.
Thefourthparagraphdescribesbriefly
A.
howtoselectsubjectsandwhattodointheresearch.
B.
howtoidentifysupertastersandnontasters.
C.
whytolimitthenumberofsubjectsto87persons.
D.
whytoselectmoremalesubjectsthanfemaleones.
Thearticlearguesthatsupertasters
likethetasteofsaltinesstoblocksweettastesinfood.
likesnackfoodsassaltinessistheirprimaryflav
升级会员 