届中考英语二轮复习《第4讲名词冠词代词》讲义Word文档格式.docx
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女医生:
a_________doctorfive_________doctors
★★除这个别名词外,其余名词作定语要用_________,如“许多苹果树many_________trees”。
二、冠词
(一)冠词分类__________、__________、__________
(二)不定冠词的用法
1.用于单数可数名词前,泛指“某一、任一”
2.用于序数词(除first外)前,表示“再一、又一”
3.用于固定搭配中:
afew/little/bit;
haveaswim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest;
(感冒)______________;
(玩得高兴)_______________;
inahurry;
forawhile;
keepadiary;
(帮助某人)____________
(三)定冠词的用法
1.the表示特指
__________________:
Kimhasacat.Thecatisblack.
_____________________:
Let’sgotothesupermarket!
____________________:
Iknowthegirlinred.
2.the表示“独一无二”
3.the+序数词,eg:
on_____secondfloor
4.the+形容词原级,表示“一类人”,eg:
老人:
__________
5.the+形容词比较级,____________(tall)ofthetwoboys
6.the+形容词最高级,eg:
______mostbeautifulcity
7.the+年份的复数,表示某年代,inthe1990s
8.用在姓氏的复数前,指代一家人或夫妻,eg:
格林一家_______
9.西洋乐器的名词前加play______piano
10.由普通名词构成的专有名词前加the,eg:
theGreatWall
11.用在固定短语中:
inthemorning/afternoon/evening;
inthedaytime;
intheend;
(一直)____________;
atthesametime;
bytheway;
intheopenair;
(在……岁时)____________;
atthebeginningof;
ontheothersideof;
inthemiddleof;
atthemoment
(四)零冠词的用法
1.不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时前面用零冠词。
Mancan’tlivewithoutwater.
Horsesaredomesticanimals.
2.某些专有名词,如人名、地名、国名、物质名词、抽象名词表示泛指时前面用零冠词。
Chinaisagreatcountry.
MarylivesinNewYork.
3.名词前已有名词所有格,物主代词或this,that,every修饰时,用零冠词。
EverystudentlikesEnglishinour______class.
A.aB.anC.theD./
4.在节日、日期、星期、月份、季节等前面用零冠词,但若特指某年的某月或某年的某季节时,要在月份、季节前加the。
June1stisChildren’sDay.
Springcomesafterwinter.
Hewasbornin_______autumnof1990.
5.表示称呼或表示头衔的名词作表语、同位语、补语时用零冠词。
ThisisProfessorLi.
6.三餐、球类运动及学科名词之前用零冠词。
have_______breakfastplay______footballDoyoulike______English?
7.“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、山名等的名词前用零冠词。
HuangheRoad
8.by+交通工具,交通工具名词前使用零冠词。
by_______buson_______bus
9.在公共假日、节日名词前用零冠词。
NewYear’sDay,Women’sDay
10.在某些固定短语中:
dayandnight;
facetoface;
sidebyside;
stepbystep;
atschool/work/home;
(在危险中)___________;
inbed;
intime;
atnoon/night/dawn;
(值日)__________
用a还是an?
a用在以___________开头的单词或字母前
an用在以___________开头的单词或字母前
在26个字母中,单个字母前用不定冠词an的有____、____、____、____、____、____、____、____、____、____、____、____
以字母U开头的常见单词
____university____usefulbook____uglyman____umbrella
____unhappyman____unusualstory____usedcar
名词被such,half,what,many,so,how,too,quite,rather,very等修饰时,不定冠词的位置问题
例如:
___such___honest___boy
halfhourwhatnicedayveryinterestingstorymanyman
sonicegirlhownicefilmquitegoodbookratherusefultool
三、代词
(一)人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单
复
人称代词(主格)
I
we
you
he
she
it
they
人称代词(宾格)
形物代
名物代
反身代词
代词的用法
Thismorning______(她)invited_______(我)to_______(她的)birthdayparty.Thepartyis_______(她的),not_______(我的).
反身代词的常用短语
自学___________________自学___________________
苏醒___________________独自___________________
随便吃___________________玩得愉快___________________
伤着某人自己___________________
人称代词主格作主语的语序
单数形式(二、三、一)_______,_______and_______(I,he/she,you)
复数形式(一、二、三)_______,_______and_______(we,they,you)
承认错误时(第一人称放前)_______and_______(I,John)
难点4:
人称代词it用法小结
1.指代前面提到过的事物。
Doyouuseyourdictionarynow?
CanIborrow_______?
Mom,myfriendhasabeautifulskirt.Iwant_______,too.
2.用来代替指示代词this或that。
—What’sthis?
—_______apen.
3.指不明性别的婴儿或不明身份的人。
Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Pleasegoandseewho_______is.
4.指时间或季节。
—What’sthetimenow?
—It’steno’clock.
5.表天气。
—What’stheweatherlike?
—It’ssunny.
6.表距离。
Howfarisitfromhometoschool?
7.用作___________。
Itisadj.(for/ofsb.)+todosth.
It’sone’sturn/dutytodosth.
It’sadj.that…
8.用作形式宾语Doyouthink/find_______+adj.todosth.?
(二)疑问代词
Whowantstogowithme?
who作_______、_______
Whoareyoutalkingabout?
Towhomareyoutalking?
宾从:
Canyoutellme___________________________________?
Whosebookisthis?
whose作_______
—What’syourfather?
—Heisaworker.what询问_______
—Whoisthatgirl?
—Sheismysister.who询问_______
—Whatwouldyoulike?
—I’dlikeacupofjuice.what没有_______
Whichdoyoulike,springorsummer?
which有_______
(which指一定范围内,特指的人或物)
(三)不定代词:
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
some(something,somebody,someone)
any(anything,anybody,anyone)
no(nothing,nobody,noone)
every(everything,everybody,everyone)
all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等
一般来讲,修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。
❤❤复合不定代词/副词
some一些
any任何;
一些
no无
every每个
somebody
anybody
nobody
everybody
someone
anyone
noone
everyone
something
anything
nothing
everything
somewhere
anywhere
nowhere
everywhere
1.复合不定代词作主语时,都作______看待,其谓语动词用______________形式。
2.复合不定代词/副词若有定语修饰,该定语要放在复合不定代词/副词________。
Forlunch,wehadsomethingveryspecial—Malaysianyellownoodles.
Doyouhaveanythingtosay?
Canyoufind________(else,anyone)?
Didyougo________(interesting,somewhere)?
❤两者三者
其一
都
都不
两者
三者及以上
either/neitherof+名词/代词复数+谓语动词_____数
either…or…或neither…nor…连接两个名词作主语,需要遵循________原则
❤肯定否定
肯定
否定
修饰可数名词复数
修饰不可数名词
❤other一族:
泛指(≥3者/部之一)
特指(两者/部之一)
单数
another/anotherone
theother/theotherone
复数
others/otherones
theothers/theotherones
Wehavetwocats.______isblackand______iswhite.
A.One;
oneB.One;
theother
C.One;
otherD.One;
another
❤其他
each&
every每一个
Therearetreeson______sideoftheroad.
______studentpassedtheexam.
______ofuswearsayellowT-shirt.
each强调_______,作主语时,谓语动词用_________形式。
另外,其可以用来指______或______以上的人或物。
every强调_______,修饰名词时谓语动词要用________形式。
只可以用来指______或______以上的人或物。
each可以用作_______,而every不可以。
(eachof)
如:
Eachoftheboyshasgotapencilandsomepaper.
【精讲精练】
一、单项选择
()1.Mr.Whitehasabeautifulgardenwithmany______init.
A.flowersB.grassC.villagesD.water
()2.—What’sinthecupboard?
—Afew______,butlittle______.
A.apples;
coffeeB.coffee;
apples
C.apple;
coffeesD.coffee;
()3.Hegaveus______onhowtoprotecteyes.
A.someadvicesB.someadvice
C.anadviceD.aadvice
()4.ThestudentsofGrade7visitedMike’sfarmandsawmany______there.
A.birdB.duckC.sheepD.rabbit
()5.Agroupof______aretalkingwithtwo______overthere.
A.Frenchmen;
GermansB.Frenchmen;
Germen
C.German;
FrenchmenD.Germans;
Frenchmans
()6.Thereare______and______onthetable.
A.twoboxescake;
fourbottleoforanges
B.twoboxescake;
fourbottleoforange
C.twoboxesofcakes;
fourbottlesoforange
D.twoboxsofcakes;
()7.______mothersare______teachers.
A.Lucy’sandMary;
womanB.LucyandMary;
woman
C.Lucy’sandMary’s;
womenD.LucyandMary’s;
women
()8.—Withwhomdidyouwatch2014WorldCupOpeningCeremony?
—______.
A.AfriendofmineB.Afriendofme
C.AfriendofmysisterD.Afriendofyou
()9.—Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?
—It’sabouttwenty______walk.
A.minute’sB.minutes’C.minutesD.minute
()10.Thereisno______thatphonesplayanimportantpartinmodernlife.
A.questionB.problemC.answerD.doubt
()11.HewasborninItaly,buthehadmadeChinahis______.
A.familyB.addressC.houseD.home
()12.Thecustomersarepleasedwiththe______oftherestaurant.
A.balanceB.experienceC.surfaceD.service
()13.—Whydidn’tSallyplaytheviolinattheconcertlastnight?
—Shesaidthatherhandhurt,butthatwasonlya(n)______.Isawherplaytennisjustnow.
A.matterB.excuseC.resultD.expression
()14.________itistoday!
A.WhatfineweatherB.Whatafineweather
C.HowafineweatherD.Howfineaweather
()15.Thisclass________now.MissGaoteachesthem.
A.arestudyingB.isstudyingC.bestudyingD.studying
()16.—Howmany______canyouseeinthepicture?
—Onlyone.
A.dogB.sheepC.childD.cat
()17.—Well,youlooksohappy!
—BecauseIgotagood____.
A.workB.newsC.jobD.advice
()18.Aspaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometers_______second.
A./B.theC.aD.an
()19.Theoperationis_____successandthepatientisnowoutof_____danger.
A.a,theB.a,不填C.不填,theD.不填,不填
()20.As_____writer,hewas_____completefailure.
A.a,aB.a,theC.不填,不填D.a,不填
()21.Howstrange!
Theseyearsmybirthdayalwaysfalls_____.
A.ontheSundayB.onaSunday
C.onSundayD.ataSunday
()22.Asisknowntousall,_____tigerisin_____dangerofbecomingextinct.
A.the,aB.the,不填C.a,不填D.不填,the
()23.Asweknow,Englandis______EuropeancountryandSingaporeis______Asiancountry.
A.an;
anB.an;
aC.a;
aD.a;
an
()24.Thereis______“o”and______“x”in“box”.
A.a;
aD.an;
()25.______GreensarepreparingforthecomingThanksgivingDay.
A./B.AC.AnD.The
()26.Theeducationof______youngisalways______ho