届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomythe science of the stars单元学案26页word解析版Word格式文档下载.docx
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11.crashvi.&
vt.
12.spaceshipn.
13.pulln.&
14.floatvi.&
vt.&
n.
15.oxygenn.
拓展词汇
1. adj.猛烈的;
激烈的;
强暴的→ n.暴力→ adv.暴力地;
猛烈地
2. adj.有害的→ n.&
v.伤害→
adj.无害的
3. vi.存在;
生存→ n.存在;
生存
4. vi.&
vt.(使)迷惑;
(使)为难n.谜;
难题→ adj.迷惑不解的→ adj.令人迷惑的
5. n.生物学→ n.生物学家
二、高频短语
1. 及时;
终于
2. 熟悉;
掌握;
理解
3. 产生;
分娩
4. 轮到某人
5. 阻止;
制止
6. 感到高兴;
感到振奋
7. 既然
8. 突发;
爆发
9. 密切注意;
当心;
提防
10. 挡住(光线)
三、经典句型
1.Thisproducedachainreaction,which (使生命的发展成为可能).
2. (很多科学家所相信的是)thecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.
3.LastmonthI (我足够有幸有机会)tomakeatripintospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.
4.Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwill (不像地球的引力那么大).
5.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarried (地球上的两倍远)andfellover.
6....walkingdoesneedabitofpractice (既然重力改变了).
基础知识运用篇
一、语境词汇运用
(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)
1.Worsestill,beingaddictedtocellphonesmightalsoleadtoteenagers’poorperformanceatschool, (因此)addingtotheirelders’worries.
2.Thefinalofthematchwasgoingoninanexciting (气氛)andwonheartyapplauseattimes.
3.She (拉;
拖)himgentlytowardsherjustnow.
4.Some (基本的)mistakesarenotallowedtomakewhenyouaredoingthework.
5.Asweknow,theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmerduetotheglobal (气候)change.
6. (不像)mostpeopleintheofficewhocometoworkbycar,Iusuallycometoworkbybus.
7.WhentheChinesewomenvolleyballteamturnedup,allthefans (感到振奋).
8.PleasetellmewhenMr.SmithisarrivingatthetrainstationsothatIcanpickhimup (及时).
9.Oncehehasmadeuphismind,noonecan him (阻止)carryingouttheplan.
10.Atlastthefirefightersputoutthefireinthesupermarket,which (突发;
爆发)attenthismorning.
11.You’vemademesufferinthepast,sonowyou, (轮到你),sufferagain!
12.Shemarriedat17and (分娩)herfirstchildshortlyafter.
13.Sheboughtaheavycurtainto (挡住)thelight.
(二)单句填空
1.Heoftensaysthathedoesn’tbelieveinany (religious)andonlybelievesinhimself.
2.Thefactorygivesoff gases.Theymaydo toourhealth.(harm)
3.Doyoubelievethe ofghosts?
Perhapstheyonly inthemindsofsomepeople.(exist)
4.The lookonherfacesuggestedshewas aboutthe mathproblem.(puzzle)
5.Therobbershitthem .Theycouldn’tbearitanymoresotheydecidedtoanswer with andbegantheir fightback.(violent)
二、经典句型仿写
1.了解唐朝的历史会使你更容易理解唐诗。
(形式宾语it)(2017课标全国Ⅰ书面表达)
KnowingthehistoryoftheTangDynasty Tangpoems.
2.请给予他们鼓励,让他们和你们一样过着丰富多彩而充实的生活。
(as+adj.+a/an+n.+as)
Pleasegivethemencouragement youdo.
3.新图书馆是旧图书馆的4倍大。
(倍数+as...as...)
Thenewlibraryis theoldone.
4.既然大家都到齐了,我们可以开始开会了。
(nowthat)
,wecanbeginthemeeting.
答案精解精析
基础知识默写篇
一、分层单词
1.unlike 2.thus 3.gentle 4.climate
1.天文学 2.系统;
体系;
制度 3.球体;
地球仪;
地球 4.大气层;
气氛
5.基本的;
基础的 6.链子;
连锁;
锁链 7.乘;
增加 8.万有引力;
重力
9.卫星;
人造卫星 10.物理学家 11.碰撞;
坠落 12.宇宙飞船 13.拉(力);
拖;
牵引力 14.(使)浮动;
(使)漂浮;
漂浮物 15.氧
1.violent;
violence;
violently 2.harmful;
harm;
harmless 3.exist;
existence
4.puzzle;
puzzled;
puzzling 5.biology;
biologist
二、高频短语
1.intime 2.getthehangof 3.givebirthto 4.inone'
sturn 5.prevent...from 6.cheerup 7.nowthat 8.breakout 9.watchoutfor 10.blockout
1.madeitpossibleforlifetodevelop 2.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthat
3.wasluckyenoughtohaveachance 4.notbeasstrongapullastheearth'
s 5.twiceasfarasontheearth 6.nowthatgravityhaschanged
(一)词汇拼写
1.thus 2.atmosphere 3.pulled 4.fundamental 5.climate
6.Unlike 7.cheeredup 8.intime 9.prevent;
from 10.brokeout
11.inyourturn 12.gavebirthto 13.blockout
1课文与语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Theearthwasjust 1 cloudofdustafterthe“BigBang”.Theearthexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywereintime 2 (produce)manythings,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearon 3 (it)surface.Itallowedtheearthtodissolve 4 (harm)gases.Thenlifebegantodevelop.
Smallplantsmultipliedand 5 (fill)theoceansandseaswithoxygen.Thisencouragedthe 6 (develop)ofearlyshellfishandfish.Landanimalssuchasinsects,reptilesanddinosaursappearedaftergreen 7 (plant)appeared.Smallcleveranimalsspreadallovertheearth.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere, 8 preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace. 9 lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan 10 (solve).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
2课文与短文改错
根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。
文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
LastmonthIpaidavisitthemoonwithmyfriend.Beforeweleft,Iwastoldtheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimeonourjourney.Thenwetookup.Aswelefttheearth,Ibecameveryheavily.Graduallytheweightlessen.WhenIwasinspace,itwasdisappeared.WefloatedweightlesslyinthecabinandIcheeredup.WhenIwasonthemoon,Iwassurprisetofindevenwalkingneededabitofpracticenowthatgravitychanged.Returningoftheearthwasveryfrightened.Wewereamazedtowatchfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceship.
3话题知识与写作
Ⅰ.根据提示翻译下列句子。
1.我们能登陆火星吗?
这完全取决于科学和技术的发展。
(dependon)
2.火星上几乎没有氧气,这使生命不可能存在。
(make;
exist)
3.中午的温度可能在零上50℃左右,而晚上的温度则在零下100℃左右。
这使得我们无法在那里生活。
(prevent...from...)
4.既然火星与地球完全不同,如果我们有朝一日去火星的话,我们不得不带上我们自己的氧气、食物、衣服和住的地方。
(nowthat)
Ⅱ.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
1.课文与语法填空
1.a 2.toproduce 3.its 4.harmful 5.filled
6.development 7.plants 8.which 9.Whether10.besolved
2.课文与短文改错
LastmonthIpaidavisit①
themoonwithmyfriend.Beforeweleft,Iwastoldtheforceofgravitywouldchangethree②
onourjourney.Thenwetook③
.Aswelefttheearth,Ibecamevery④
.Graduallytheweight⑤
.WhenIwasinspace,it⑥wasdisappeared.WefloatedweightlesslyinthecabinandIcheeredup.WhenIwasonthemoon,Iwas⑦
tofindevenwalkingneededabitofpracticenowthatgravitychanged.Returning⑧
theearthwasvery⑨
.Wewereamazedtowatchfire⑩
outontheoutsideofthespaceship.
①payavisitto...拜访……,为固定搭配。
②此处time表示“次数”,且前面有three修饰,故用复数形式。
③takeup占据,从事;
takeoff起飞。
此处指我们起飞了。
④become为系动词,后用形容词作表语。
⑤结合上下文可知,此处应该用一般过去时态。
⑥disappear为不及物动词,无被动语态。
⑦surprised吃惊的。
⑧returntotheearth回到地球。
⑨frightening令人害怕的。
⑩watch...do...观看……做……,强调看到动作的全过程。
3.话题知识与写作
Ⅰ.1.CanwelandonMars?
Italldependsonthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.
2.ThereisalmostnooxygenonMarsandthismakesitimpossibleforlifetoexist.
3.Itmightbeabout50℃abovezeroatnoonand100℃belowzeroatnight,whichpreventsusfromlivingthere.
4.NowthatMarsisquitedifferentfromtheearth,ifwearetogotoMarsoneday,wehavetotakealongourownoxygen,food,clothingandshelter.
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
WhetherwecanlandonMarsdependsonthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.ThereisalmostnooxygenonMars,whichmakesitimpossibleforlifetoexist.Itmightbeabout50℃abovezeroatnoonand100℃belowzeroatnight,whichpreventsusfromlivingthere.NowthatMarsisquitedifferentfromtheearth,ifwearetogotoMarsoneday,wehavetotakealongourownoxygen,food,clothingandshelter.
单元阅读解题指导
所给词为名词的做题技巧(语法填空)
方法指导
在语法填空中,如果括号中的提示词为名词,通常从下面两个角度命题。
1)名词单复数:
根据名词的特点、上下文或谓语动词的特点确定名词的数。
2)名词与形容词的转换:
根据句子成分和词与词之间的修饰关系判断。
典例引领(2017浙江)
LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall 1 (carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda 2 (shine)object.Yes,therebeneaththeleafytopofonetinycarrotwasherlong-lostweddingring.
Pahlssonscreamed 3 loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt 4 (I),”saysPahlsson.
Sixteenyears 5 (early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring 6 (cook)ameal.Whenshewantedtoputtheringbackonlater,itwasgone.Shesuspectedthatoneofherthreedaughters—thenten,eight,andsix—hadpickeditup,butthegirlssaidtheyhadn’t.Pahlssonandherhusband 7 (search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.“Igaveuphopeoffindingmyringagain,”shesays.Sheneverreplacedit.
Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot 8 (sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden, 9 itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.ForPahlsson,itsreturnwas 10 wonder.
方法运用
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。
文章讲述了Lena奇迹般地从自家的菜园里找到了她丢失了十六年的戒指的故事。
1.carrots 根据ahandfulof可知,设空处应该用复数形式,表示拔出了一把小胡萝卜,因此用carrots。
2.shiny/shining 根据上下文可知,此处指“闪光的东西”,所填单词作定语,表示特征,因此用shiny或shining。
3.so 此处考查so...that...结构,意为“如此……以至于……”。
4.myself 她认为我伤着我自己了。
根据语境可知,此处应该用反身代词。
5.earlier 此处表示“十六年前”,earlier……之前。
6.tocook 此处用动词不定式表目的。
7.searched 此处所缺单词是谓语动词,讲述的是过去的事情,因此应该用一般过去时。
8.swept 此处