外贸函电教案Word文档格式.docx

外贸函电教案Word文档格式.docx

《外贸函电教案Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《外贸函电教案Word文档格式.docx（33页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

TeachingMethods

•Lecture

•Presentation

•Groupdiscussion

•tutorial

ContentsofLecture

I.OverallobjectivesoftheCourse

Language,Knowledgeofinternationaltrade,tipstocross-culturebusinesspracticeandotherobjectives

1.Language:

--Goodcommandofthelayout,formatandotherfeaturesofbusinessletters.（e.g.style,tone,usualpracticeetc）

--Goodcommandofthelanguagefeaturesofbusinesswriting.

Wording/diction（levelsofwords—buy/purchase/placeanorderwith,tell/letknow/inform/advice/inform/instruct,meaningofwords-decline/refuse）;

sentence（shortandsimplesentence—empathetic,strong,easy,goodforpresentationofimportantfactsandideas;

longandcomplexsentence—precise,clear,suitableforexplanationofviewsandtheories）

Paragraph（onetopiconeparagraph）

Passage（concise,correct,clear,courteous）

--Understandingofbasictermsininternationaltrade

Specialwords:

arbitration,transshipment,seaworthy,

Commonwords:

inquiry,offer,sightdraft

Abbreviations:

priceterms,paymentmethod,Insuranceterms,etc.

2.Knowledgeofinternationaltrade

--Preliminaryknowledgeofinternationalbusinessandtrade---Definition,Category,Policy,tradebarriersandencouragementpolicy,etc.

--Basicknowledgeofgeneralproceduresofexportandimport---Inquiry,Offer,Counter-offer,Conclusionofbusiness,etc.

3.Tipstocross-culturebusinesspractice

--customs,usualpracticeindifferentcountries,communicationstyles,cross-culturebusiness,businessetiquette（businesscard,dressingcode,diningcode,etc.）

Otherobjectives

--introductiontojobinterviews,CV,etc

--contrast&

comparisonbetweenChineseandEnglish

--translationtechniques

II.Introductiontothetextbook

1stpart:

Chapterone

2ndpart:

Chapter2-5

3rdPart:

Chapter6-10

III.Introductiontoclassactivities

Lecture,Translation,Discussion,Note-taking

IV.IntroductiontotheExam

Translationofterms,words,phrases,sentences,letters;

Testonknowledgeconcerninginternationalbusiness

Lettercomposition

Lecture2InternationalBusinessandPolicies

•Generalpictureofglobaleconomy

•Understandingofinternationalbusiness

•Internationaltradeorganizationandpolicies

•Internationaltradepolicies

•Tradebarriers

•Exportencouragementpolicies

I.Somekeywords

Globalization/integrationofworldeconomy全球化/世界经济一体化

--FDI外国直接投资（China2005US$60.3billion）

--Outsourcing外包（manufactureoutsourcinginChina,serviceoutsourcinginIndia,etc.）

--Transitionaleconomy转轨经济（fromCentralcontrolledtomarketeconomy,e.g.China,EastEuropeancountries;

51countriesin2005acknowledgemarketeconomystatusofChina…）

--Oligopoly,monopoly寡头垄断

II.Somekeyfigures

GDP:

themarketvalueofallfinalgoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountryduringagiventimeperiod.（Investment+consume+netexport）.

GDPRanking（officialexchangerate）

1.USA$12.77trillion（agriculture1%,manufacture20.79%,service78.3%）

2.Japan$4.955trillion

3.Germany$2.83trillion

4.China$2.25trillion（10%,50%,40%）

GDPRanking（purchasepowerparity）

1.USA$12.37trillion

2.China$8.158trillion

3.Japan$3.867trillion

4.Germany$2.446trillion

Import&

ExportValue（inUS$billion）

1.USAimport1,127,export927.5,total2654.5

2.Germanyimport801,export1,016,total1,817

3.Chinaimport660.1,export762,total14221

4.Japanimport455.1,export550.5,total10016

（China:

morethan50%ofexp.&

imp.Valuegeneratedfromprocessingtrade.E.g.aUS$20BarbieDoll,processingfeeonly35cents.）

III.InternationalBusiness/Trade

1.DefinitionofInternationalBusiness

Allbusinesstransactionsthatinvolvetwoormorecountries.

2.TheMajorCategoriesofInternationalBusiness国际贸易的主要类别

Merchandise/Commodityexportsandimports.（商品的进出口）Tangiblegoodssentoutofandbroughtincountries.Theysometimesarereferredtoasvisibleexportsandimports.Exportingorimportingisusuallythefirsttypeofforeignoperationacompanyundertakes.Thisisbecauseatanearlystageofinternationalinvolvement,exportingorimportingrequirestheleastcommitmentofandtheleastriskofthecompany’sresources,suchascapital,personnel,equipmentandproductionfacilities.

Basedonthewayandpurposeofexportandimportgoods,itcanbefurtherclassifiedasSoleAgency（代理）,SoleDistributorship（经销，专卖），ProcessingandAssemblingTrade（processingwithimportedmaterials,processingaccordingtosuppliedsamplesandassemblingwithsuppliedparts/components）andCompensationTrade（productionandtechnologyprovidedbyforeigninvestorsorpurchasedwithforeignexportcreditareutilizedbyChineseenterprisesforproduction,andtheproductsthereofaretobesoldbacktotheforeignpartyaspayment）.

Serviceexportsandimports.Internationalearningsotherthanthosederivedfromtheexportingandimportingoftangiblegoods,oftenreferredtoasinvisibles.Serviceexportsandimportstakemanyforms,suchastravel,tourism,transportation,labourservicessuchasteacher,consultant,chef,doctoretc,contractforconstructionprojects,andtheuseofassets.

Investment.Foreigninvestmentinvolvesownershipofforeignpropertyinexchangeforfinancialreturn.FDI.

3.MotivationsofCompanies’EngagementinInternationalBusiness.

Toexpandtheirsales.Highersalesmeanshigherprofitse.g.Microsoft:

EconomyofScalese.g.capital/technologyintensiveenterprises,suchasauto,pharmaceutical,information,oilrefineryetc.;

Largemarketsharemeansabovenormalprofite.g.Microsoft,Intel,orInstantcoffee（MNCslikeNestle,PhilipMorris,Unilever70%marketshare,only15to20pof1poundspentoncoffeegoestoproductcountries.）

Toacquireresources.Theylookforforeigncapital,technologies,labourandnaturalresourcesnotavailablewiththecompany’shomecountryortoreducetheircost.

Todiversifytheirsourcesofsalesandsupplies.Ericsson,Chinamarketisitsbottomlinebecauseitlosesmoneyinothermarkets.

IV.InternationalTradePolicies

1.Overview概述

Internationaltrademaybenefititspracticingnationsgenerally.However,toprotectinfantindustryandtopreventdomesticmarketsfrombeingoccupiedtoomuchbyforeignproducts,allthegovernmentsintheworldmakesomepoliciestoencourageexportanddiscourageimport.

Toencourageexport,freetradezones,exportsubsidies,returnofproducttaxandsomeothermethodsareoftenused.Todiscourageimport,tariffandnon-tarifftradebarriersareoftenresortedto.Andthissometimesresultintradedisputesbetweennationswhichcallsfortheestablishmentofaninternationalorganizationtocoordinatethepoliciesofvariousnations.

2.GATTandWTO（关贸总协定和WTO）

GATT,theGeneralAgreementonTariffandTrade,theworld’smajortradeliberalizationorganization,beganin1947with23membersandby1993had117members.ItchangeditsnametoWTOonJan.1st,1995,withitsheadquarterlocatedinGeneva.Bytheendof2001,WTOhad143membersinclusingChinathatenteredintoWTOonDec.11th,2001.WTOissofartheonlyglobalinternationalorganizationdealingwiththerulesoftradebetweennations.

ThegoalofWTOistohelpproducersofgoodsandservices,exporterandimportersconducttheirbusiness.Itsrolescanbebrieflydefinedas:

●AdministeringWTOtradeagreements

●Forumfortradenegotiations

●Handlingtradedisputes

●Monitoringnationaltradepolices

●Technicalassistanceandtrainingfordevelopingcountries

●Cooperationwithotherinternationalorganizations

3.GeneralizedSystemofPreference（GSP）普惠制

Tohelptheeconomicdevelopmentofthedevelopingnations,GSPhasbeenendorsed.Itisapreferentialtreatment,underwhich,developednationsshouldoffertariffpreferencestothelessdevelopedanddevelopingnations.

4.Most-Favoured-NationClause（MFN）最惠国条款（最惠国待遇）.In1998itwaschangedtoNTR（NormalTradeRelation）,sinceMFNwasdeceivingasmostnationshavethistradestatus.TheproductsfromallcountriesthathavebeengivenNTRaresubjecttothesametariffs.

AccordingtoGATT,countriesmustadheretotheMFNClause.Thisclauserequiresthatifacountrygrantsatariffreductiontoonecountry,itmustgrantthesameconcessiontoallothercountries.TheMFNclausealsoappliestoquotasandlicenses.

5.TradeBarriers贸易壁垒

Tariffs关税（duty,taxcollectedbyagovernmentonthegoodsimported.）

●Revenuetariff.收入关税Toincreasetherevenueincomeofthegovernment.

●Protectivetariff.保护性关税Higherthantheaverageincreasedvalue-addedtax,toincreaserevenueandtoweakenthecompetitivepoweroftheimportedgoods.（Tariffonimportedcarsaresupposedtoreducedfrommorethan100%beforeWTOto25%onJuly1,2006inChina.）

●Prohibitivetariffandretaliatorytariff报复性关税.Veryhightarifftomaketheimportofcertaingoodsunprofitableorwithlittleprofits.Thismaycausethecountrytoraiseimportingdutytodiscourageexportsofthecountrythathasinitiatedtheprohibitivetariff.Thisisso-calledretaliatorytariff.（2001,Japan,ProhibitivetariffonChineseagricultureproducts.ChinaretaliatorytariffonJapanesecar200%,mobilephone