职称英语真题卫生Bword完整版Word文件下载.docx

职称英语真题卫生Bword完整版Word文件下载.docx

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A.aboutB.atC.withD.from

4.Shegetsaggressivewhensheisdrunk.

A.worriedB.offensiveC.sleepyD.anxious

5.Hewastemptedbythehighsalaryofferedbythecompany.

A.taughtB.keptC.changedD.attracted

6.Asapolitician,heknowshowtomanipulatepublicopinion.

A.expressB.divideC.voiceD.influence

7.Theseanimalsmigratesouthannuallyinsearchoffood.

A.exploreB.travelC.inhabitD.prefer

8.Therulesaretoorigidtoallowforhumaneerror.

A.generalB.inflexibleC.complexD.direct

9.Therewassomethingpeculiarinthewayhesmiles.

A.differentB.strangeC.wrongD.funny

10.Comeout,orI’llbustthedoordown.

A.shutB.setC.beatD.break

11.Thepolicewillneedtokeepawaryeyeonthisareaoftown.

A.cautiousB.nakedC.blindD.private

12.Shecameacrossthreechildrensleepingunderabridge.

A.passedbyB.tookanoticeof

C.wokeupD.foundbychance

13.Makesurethetableissecurelyanchored.

A.repairedB.clearedC.fixedD.booked

14.Hepaused,waitingforhertodigesttheinformation.

A.withholdB.understandC.exchangeD.contact

15.Itseemedincrediblethathehadbeenthereaweekalready.

A.rightB.obviousC.unclearD.unbelievable

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）

PromisingResultsfromCancerStudy

Anewexperimentalvaccine（疫苗）hasshownpromisingresultsinthefightagainstlungcancer.InasmallTexas-basedstudy,avaccinedevelopedbyscientistsatBaylorUniversityMedicalCentreinDallas,USA,curedlungcancerinsomepatientsandslowedtheprogressofthediseaseinothers.

Researchershavereportedencouragingfindingsfromthissmallstudy.Forty-threepatientssufferingfromlungcancerwereinvolvedinthesetrials.Tenofthesepatientswereintheearlystagesandthirty-threeintheadvancedstagesofthedisease.Theywereinjectedwiththevaccineeverytwoweeksforthreemonths,andwerecarefullymonitoredforthreeyears.Inthreeofthepatientsintheadvancedstagesofcancer,thediseasedisappearedandintheothers,itdidnotspreadforfivetotwenty-fourmonths.However,nogreatdifferencewasseeninthepatientsintheearlystagesoftheillness.

Thisnewvaccineusesthepatients’ownimmunesystem.Itismadespecificallyforeachpatientandisinjectedintothearmorleg.Itstimulatesthebody'

simmunesystem,whichthenrecognizesthatthecancercellsareharmful,andattacksanddestroysthem.

Thevaccinecouldbeeffectiveagainstotherformsofcancer.Itoffersgreathopeforthetreatmentofcanceringeneral,althoughfurtherstudiesareneededbeforesuchtreatmentcanbewidelyused.

16.Thevaccinecuredalltheparticipantsinthetrial.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17.Overfortypeopleparticipatedinthestudy.

18.Patientsintheearlystagesofthediseaserecoveredmorequicklyinthetrial.

19.AllthepatientswerefromDallas.

20.Everypatientwasinjectedwiththesamevaccine.

21.Thevaccineactivatestheimmunesystem.

22.Thevaccinemaybeusefulfortreatingothercancers.

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

OrganicFood:

Why?

1.Europeisnowthebiggestmarketfororganicfoodintheworld,expandingby25percentayearoverthepast10years.Sowhatistheattractionoforganicfoodforsomepeople?

Thereallyimportantthingisthatorganicsoundsmore“natural”.Eatingorganicisawayofdefiningoneselfasnatural,good,caring,differentfromthejunk-food-eatingmasses.

2.Unlikeconventionalfarming,theorganicapproachmeansfarmingwithnaturalratherthanman-made,fertilisersandpesticides.Techniquessuchascroprotationimprovesoilqualityandhelporganicfarmerscompensatefortheabsenceofman-madechemicals.Asamethodoffoodproduction,organicis,however,inefficientinitsuseoflabourandland;

thereareseverelimitstohowmuchfoodcanbeproduced.Also,theenvironmentalbenefitsofnotusingartificialfertiliseraretinycomparedwiththeamountofcarbondioxideemittedbytransportingfood.

3.Organicfarmingisoftenclaimedtobesaferthanconventionalfarming.Yetstudiesintoorganicfarmingworldwidecontinuetorejectthisclaim.AnextensivereviewbytheUKFoodStandardsAgencyfoundthattherewasnostatisticallysignificantdifferencebetweenorganicandconventionalcrops.Evenwhereresultsindicatedtherewasevidenceofadifference,thereviewersfoundnosignthatthesedifferenceswouldhaveanynoticeableeffectonhealth

4.Thesimplisticclaimthatorganicfoodismorenutritiousthanconventionalfoodwasalwayslikelytobemisleading.Foodisanaturalproduct,andthehealthvalueofdifferentfoodswillvaryforanumberofreasons,includingfreshness,thewaythefoodiscooked,thetypeofsoilitisgrownin,theamountofsunlightandraincropshavereceived,andsoon.Likewise,theflavourofacarrothaslesstodowithwhetheritwasfertilisedwithmanureorsomethingoutofaplasticsackthanwiththevarietyofcarrotandhowlongagoitwasdugup.

5.Thenotionthatorganicfoodissaferthan“normal”foodisalsocontradictedbythefactthatmanyofourmostcommonfoodsarefullofnaturaltoxins.Asoneresearchexpertsays:

“Peoplethinkthatthemorenaturalsomethingis,thebetteritisforthem.Thatissimplynotthecase.Infact,itistheoppositethatistrue:

thecloseraplantistoitsnaturalstate,themorelikelyitisthatitwillpoisonyou.Naturallymanyplantsdonotwanttobeeaten,sowehavespent10,000yearsdevelopingagricultureandbreedingoutharmfultraitsfromcrops.”

A.Factorsthataffectfoodhealthvalue

B.Mainreasonforthepopularityoforganicfood

C.Testingthetasteoforganicfood

D.Researchintowhetherorganicfoodisbetter

E.Necessitytoremovehiddendangersfromfood

F.Descriptionoforganicfarming

23.Paragraph1

24.Paragraph2

25.Paragraph3

26.Paragraph4

27.Techniquesoforganicfarminghelp.

28.Thereisnoconvincingevidenceto.

29.Theweatherconditionsduringthegrowthofcrops.

30.Thecloseraplantistoitsnaturalstate,thelesssuitableitisto.

A.affecttheirnutritionalcontent

B.poisonyou

C.improvesoilquality

D.beeaten

E.showthatorganiccropsaresaferthanconventionalones

F.bespeciallytrained

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2014年职称英语考试热点问题及备考方法（如教材、词典等问题）

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇“Don’tDrinkAlone”GetsNewMeaning

Inwhatmaybebadnewsforbarsandpubs,aEuropeanresearchgrouphasfoundthatpeopledrinkingalcoholoutsideofmealshaveasignificantlyhigherriskofcancerinthemouthandneckthandothosetakingtheirlibationswithfood.LuiginoDalMasoandhiscolleaguesstudiedthedrinkingpatternsof1,500patientsfromfourcancerstudiesandanother3,500adultswhohadneverhadcancer.

Aftertheresearchersaccountedfortheamountofalcoholconsumed,theyfoundthatindividualswhodownedasignificantshareoftheiralcoholoutsideofmealsfacedatleasta50to80percentriskofcancerintheoralcavity,pharynx,andesophagus,whencomparedwithpeoplewhodrankonlyatmeals.Consumingalcoholwithoutfoodalsoincreasedbyatleast20percentthelikelihoodoflaryngealcancer.“Roughly95percentofcancersatthesefoursitestracedtosmokingordrinkingbythestudyvolunteers,”DalMasosays.Thediscouragingnews,histeamreports,isthatdrinkingwithmealsdidn’teliminatecancerriskatanyofthesites.

Fortheirnewanalysis,theEuropeanscientistsdividedpeopleinthestudyintofourgroups,basedonhowmanydrinkstheyreportedhavinginanaverageweek.Thelowest-intakegroupincludedpeoplewhoaveragedupto20drinksaweek.Thehighestgroupreporteddowningatleast56servingsofalcoholweeklyforanaverageofeightormoreperday.Cancerrisksforthemouthandnecksitesrosesteadilywithconsumptionevenforpeoplewhoreporteddrinkingonlywithmeals.Forinstance,comparedwithpeopleinthelowest-consumptiongroup,participantswhodrank21to34alcoholservingsaweekatleastdoubledtheircancerriskforallsitesotherthanthelarynx.Ifpeopleintheseconsumptiongroupstooksomeofthosedrinksoutsidemeals,thoseinthehigherconsumptiongroupatleastquadrupledtheirriskfororalcavityandesophagealcancers.

Peopleinthehighest-consumptiongroupwhodrankonlywithmealshad10timestheriskoforalcancer,7timestheriskofpharyngealcancer,and16timestheriskofesophagealcancercomparedwiththosewhoaveraged20orfewerdrinksaweekwithmeals.Incontrast,laryngealcancerriskinthehigh-intake,with-meals-onlygroupwasonlytriplethatinthelow-intakeconsumerswhodrankwithmeals.

“Alcoholcaninflametissues.Overtime,thatinflammationcantriggercancer.”DalMasosays.Hesuspectsthatfoodreducedcancerriskeitherbypartiallycoatingdigestive-tracttissuesorbyscrubbingalcoholoffthosetissues.Hespeculatesthatthereasonlaryngealriskswered