高三英语一轮复习必修3Unit 1Unit 5知识点总结文档格式.docx
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11.fooln.愚人vt.愚弄;
欺骗vi.干傻事;
开玩笑adj.傻的→foolishadj.愚蠢的
12.permissionn.许可;
允许→permitvt.允许
13.apologizevi.道歉;
辩白→apologyn.道歉
14.sadnessn.悲哀;
悲伤→sadadj.悲伤的
15.forgivevt.原谅;
饶恕→forgivenessn.宽恕;
原谅→forgave/forgiven(过去式/过去分词)
16.obviousadj.明显的;
显而易见的→obviouslyadv.显然
17.beautyn.美;
美人→beautifuladj.美丽的→beautifyvt.美化
18.remindvt.提醒;
使想起→remindern.引起回忆的事物
(二)重点单词
1.trickn.诡计;
恶作剧;
窍门
vt.欺骗;
诈骗
2.gainvt.获得;
得到
3.gathervt.&
vi.搜集;
集合;
聚集
4.awardn.奖;
奖品
vt.授予;
判定
5.customn.习惯;
风俗
6.drownvt.&
vi.淹没;
溺死;
淹死
7.weepvi.哭泣;
流泪
n.哭;
哭泣
8.wipevt.擦;
揩;
擦去
9.harvestn.&
vt.&
vi.收获;
收割
10.worldwideadj.遍及全世界的;
世界性的
【联想】
1.形容词+ness后缀变名词
①sad→sadness悲哀;
悲伤
②weak→weakness弱点;
虚弱
③rude→rudeness粗鲁
④kind→kindness仁慈;
好意
⑤eager→eagerness渴望
⑥dark→darkness黑暗
2.名词+al后缀变形容词
①origin→original原来的
②season→seasonal季节的;
季节性的
③agriculture→agricultural农业的
④nation→national国家的
⑤music→musical音乐的
⑥culture→cultural文化的
⑦tradition→traditional传统的
3.动词+tion后缀变名词
①starve→starvation饿死
②celebrate→celebration庆祝
③admire→admiration羡慕
④predict→prediction预言
⑤protect→protection保护
⑥digest→digestion消化
⑦combine→combination联合
⑧cooperate→cooperation合作
4.“相信”与“不相信”
①beliefn.信任;
信仰
②unbelievableadj.不可相信的;
难以置信的
③convincevt.使确信;
使信服
④faithn.信任;
信念;
诚意;
⑤suspectv.怀疑;
猜想 n.犯罪嫌疑人;
可疑分子
⑥reliableadj.可靠的;
可信赖的
5.含ious的形容词一览
①religious宗教上的;
虔诚的
②cautious小心的;
谨慎的
③conscious有意识的
④envious忌妒的;
猜忌的
⑤mysterious神秘的
⑥ambitious有雄心的;
野心勃勃的
Ⅱ.短语回顾
1.take_place发生
2.in_memory_of纪念;
追念
3.dress_up穿上盛装;
打扮;
装饰
4.play_a_trick_on搞恶作剧;
诈骗;
开玩笑
5.look_forward_to期望;
期待;
盼望
6.day_and_night日夜;
昼夜;
整天
7.turn_up出现;
到场
8.keep_one'
s_word守信用;
履行诺言
9.hold_one'
s_breath屏息;
屏气
10.have_fun_with玩得开心
11.set_off出发;
动身;
使爆炸
12.remind...of...使……想起……
13.as_though好像
14.apologize_to_sb.向某人道歉
“动词+sb.+of”短语
①remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事
②robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物
③informsb.ofsth.告知某人某事
④curesb.of...治愈某人的疾病
⑤ridsb.of使某人摆脱
⑥accusesb.of控告某人
⑦cheatsb.of欺骗某人
⑧warnsb.of警告某人
Ⅲ.佳句必背
1.be+形容词+todo...句式
Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwas_difficult_to_find,_especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.
在那时,如果食物难以找到,尤其是在冬天,人们就得挨饿。
2.either...or...意为“或者……或者……”,在句中连接两个相同的句子成分
Somefestivalsareheldtohonourthedeadortosatisfytheancestors,whomightreturneithertohelportodoharm.
有些节日,是为了纪念死者,或者使祖先得到满足,因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助,也有可能带来危害。
3.it作形式主语的主语从句
It_was_obviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...
很明显咖啡店老板在等着李方离开……
4.while引导的时间状语从句
While_she_was_on_earthshemettheherdboyNiulangandtheyfellinlove.
她在人间遇到了牛郎,两人相爱了。
Ⅳ.课文回顾
Thereareallkindsoffestivalsandcelebrationsaroundtheworld,__1__areheldfordifferentreasons.Mostancientfestivalsweremainlyheld__2__(celebrate)theendofcoldweather,plantinginspringandharvestinautumn.
Today'
sfestivalshavemanyorigins.Somefestivalsareheldtohonourthedead__3__tosatisfytheancestorsincasetheymightdoharm,__4__otherfestivalsareheldtohonourfamouspeople,suchastheDragonBoatFestivalandColumbusDay.HarvestandThanksgivingfestivalsarehappy__5__(event)becausethefood__6__(gather)forthewinterandaseasonof__7__(agriculture)workisover,towhichMidautumnFestivalsbelong.
Themostenergeticand__8__(importance)festivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring,suchas__9__SpringFestivalinChina,atwhichpeopleliketogettogether__10__(eat),drinkandhavefunwitheachother.
1.which 2.to_celebrate 3.or 4.while 5.events
6.is_gathered 7.agricultural 8.important 9.the 10.to_eat
Ⅴ.单元语法
情态动词(Ⅰ)
1.I'
mnotsure,ImaytakemydaughtertoQingdaoforourholidaysthisweekend.
2.—I'
mafraidIhavetoleavenow,foryousee,heiswaitingforme.
—Well,ifyoumust,_atleastwaittilltheheavyrainstops.
3.Asthedeadlineisdrawingnear,nooneshallleavewithhisownworkuncompleted.
4.OneofthefewthingsyoucansayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather.
5.Whentheymet,theywouldstayupallnight,talkingaboutthepersonsandthingsinhighschool.
核心单词 重难突破
1.starvevt.(使)挨饿;
(使)饿死vi.饿死;
渴望;
极需要
Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.
在那个时代,如果食物难以找到,特别是在寒冷的冬月,人们就会挨饿。
(1)starvetodeath 饿死
(2)starveforsth.渴望获得某物
starvetodosth.渴望做某事
(3)starvationn.饿死
[练习]
(1)单句语法填空
Theyhavebeenstarvingto_see(see)LangPing,coachoftheChinesewomen'
svolleyballteam.
(2)完成句子
Theygotlostinthedesertandstarved_to_death.
他们在沙漠中迷了路,饥饿而死。
2.trickn.诡计;
窍门vt.欺骗;
Iftheneighboursdonotgiveanysweets,thechildrenmightplayatrickonthem.
如果邻居们什么糖也不给,那么孩子们可能会捉弄他们。
(1)playtricks/atrickonsb.搞恶作剧;
取笑某人
(2)tricksb.
[练习]单句语法填空
①Realizinghehad_been_tricked(trick),thecustomerreturnedtheproducttotheshop.
②Hewastrickedintojoiningtheclubbyapromisewhichwasnotkept.
③ThechildrenhidJon'
sbiketoplayatrickonhim.
3.gainv.&
n.获得;
收获
IndiahasanationalfestivalonOctober2tohonourMohandasGandhi,theleaderwhohelpedgainIndia'
sindependencefromBritain.
印度在10月2日有个全国性节日,纪念莫汉达斯·
甘地,他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。
gainareputation/support/experience/confidence赢得(获得)荣誉/支持/经验/信心
gainweight/speed/height长胖/加速/增高
gaininhealth健康状况好转
gaintime钟走快了
Mywatchgains(gain)twominutesevery24hours.
①Youcangain_others'
_respectifyoucanapologizefrankly.
对别人真诚地致歉往往能赢得别人的尊重。
②Justasanoldsayinggoes,“Nopains,no_gains.”
正如一句老话所说,“不劳无获。
”
4.awardn.奖;
奖品vt.授予;
Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheirfarmproduce,likethebiggestwatermelonorthemosthandsomerooster.
有些人还可能因为他们的农产品而获奖,比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。
(1)awardsb.sth./sth.tosb.授予某人某物
beawardedfor...因……而得奖
(2)win/receive/getanawardfor...因……而赢得/得到/获得奖项
①Hereceivedawardsfromthegovernmentforhiscontributionstoagriculture.
②TheNobelPrizeis_awarded(award)tothosewhomakegreatcontributionsintheirownfieldseveryyear.
③Hehaswonmanyawards(award)forhisworkinpolitics.
5.admirevt.赞美;
ChinaandJapanhavemidautumnfestivals,whenpeopleadmirethemoonandinChina,enjoymooncakes.
中国和日本都有中秋节,这时,人们会赏月。
在中国,人们还品尝月饼。
(1)admiresb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事羡慕某人
(2)admirationn.钦佩;
赞美;
with/inadmiration钦佩地
express/haveadmirationforsb./sth.羡慕/钦佩某人/物
①ManypeoplearoundtheworldadmireChinaforitsgreatcontributionstotheworldpeace.
②Readingherbiography,Iwaslostinadmiration(admire)forwhatDorisLessinghadachievedinliterature.
TheworksofDickensare_admired_in_Chinaaswellasintherestoftheworld.
像在世界上其他地方一样,狄更斯的作品在中国也受到赞赏。
6.customn.风俗;
习惯
Festivalsletusenjoylife,beproudofourcustomsandforgetourworkforalittlewhile.
节日让我们享受生活、以我们的习俗而自豪并且让我们暂时忘掉工作。
[辨析]
custom
风俗,习俗,指国家或社会的传统习俗
habit
指个人由于自然条件、社会环境、个人爱好等原因长期重复而自然养成的习惯
practice
惯例,习惯做法,既可指许多人也可指一个人长期做的某件事
[练习]用custom/habit/practice的正确形式填空
①Don'
tformthehabitofsmoking.
②It'
sourpracticenottomaketelephonecallsafter11pm.
③Socialcustomsvarygreatlyfromcountrytocountry.
7.permissionn.许可;
允许
I'
mwritingtoaskforyourkindpermission.
我写信的目的就是想征得您的许可。
(1)askforsb.'
spermission 请求某人的许可
withoutpermission未经允许/许可
givesb.permissiontodosth.允许某人做某事
(2)permitvt. 允许;
许可
n.许可;
执照;
许可证
permitsb.intoaplace允许某人进入某地
permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事
permitdoingsth.允许做某事
①Itisillegaltoreproducetheseworksheetswithoutpermission(permit)fromthepublisher.
②Weatherpermitting(permit),wewillgoonanoutingtothebeachtomorrow.
③Wedon'
tpermitsmoking(smoke)inthelectureroom.
8.apologizevi.道歉;
辩白
Well,hewasnotgoingtoholdhisbreathforhertoapologize.
噢,他不想屏息等着她来道歉。
(1)apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apologyn.道歉;
makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuseone'
sapology接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owesb.anapology应向某人道歉
①Billapologizedtohisfriendforhavingkeptherwaitingforalongtime.
②Imadeanapology(apologize)tomyhostandleftearly.
③Atfirstherefusedtoacceptanyresponsibilitybutheendedupapologizing(apologize).
Isincerelyhopeyou_can_accept_my_apologiesandunderstandmysituation.
我真诚地希望你能接受我的道歉,理解我的处境。
9.drownvi.淹死;
溺水vt.淹没;
浸没
Hewoulddrownhissadnessincoffee.
他将把他的悲伤淹没在咖啡里。
(1)drownone'
ssorrows借酒消愁
drownoneselfin...使忙于/沉浸于……
bedrownedin...沉浸于……
drownout(声音)淹没(另一声音)
(2)drowningadj.快要淹死的
drownedadj.已淹死的
巧学妙记
[练习]单句语法填空
①Boththespeakerandhisspeechweredrownedoutbythedisapprovalofthecrowd.
②Foryearshehas_been_drowned(drown)in(=hasdrownedhimselfin)thestudyofEnglishliterature.
③Hejumpedintothewatertosavethedrowning(drown)child.
10.remindvt.提醒;
使想起
Thisremindsmeofwhatwedidtogetherduringourholiday.
这使我想起在假期里我们一起所做的一切。
remindsb.of/aboutsth.提醒某人某事
remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事
remind(sb.)+that/how/what...提醒(某人)……
①Heremindedmeof/aboutthechangeddate.
②Youmustremindhimto_take(take)hismedicine,incaseheforgets.
11.forgive(forgave,forgiven)vt.&
vi.宽