非谓语动词作状语1.ppt

非谓语动词作状语1.ppt

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非谓语动词作状语一动词不定式作状语1.动词不定式通常作状语表示原因动词不定式通常作状语表示原因.结果结果.目的目的.条件等。

条件等。

1）目的状语TolearnEnglishwell,hewenttoEngland.Inordertoachievetheaim,wemustlearnfromothercountries.常可与inorderto（为了）或soasto（以便）连用。

2）结果状语动词不定式和ving形式作结果状语区别：

1动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only连用构成onlytodosth2动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果。

Herantothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofdebts.3）原因状语Weareexcitedtohearthenews.4）条件状语Toturntotheleft,youcouldfindapostoffice.二动词ing形式作状语可表示原因.结果.条件.让步.方式伴随等，可转化为相应的状语从句1.表时间Walkingoutoftheroom,hesawtheboystillthere.=whenhewalkedoutoftheroom,he.Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexam.=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations,we.2.表原因Beingill,hedidntgotoschoolyesterday.=Becausehewasill,he.Notmasteringthewayofstudying,ididntgetagoodresult.=Asididntmasterthewayofstudying,i.3.表结果（并列谓语）Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.=hisfatherdiedandlefthim.Thefirelastednearlyamonth,leavingnothingvaluable.=Thefirelastednearlyamonthandleftnothingvaluable.4.表条件Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.=ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,you.Ifyoudontmakeuseoftime,youwillregret.=Notmakinguseofthetime,youwill.5.表让步Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.=Athoughtheyknewallthis,they.Studyingfrommorningtillnight,ididntpasstheexam.=Athoughistudiedfrommorningtillnight,i.6.方式.伴随或补充说明（并列结构）Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.=Helayonthegrassandstaredatthe.Thegrilcameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing.=Thegrilcameintotheclassroomandtheysanganddanced.注意:

1为了使动词ing形式作状语表达的意思更明确，可在动词ing前加上适当的连词：

when、while、if、though、unless、even等.Donttalkwhilehavingdinner.Oncelosingthechance,youcanteasilyfindit.2.动词ing形式做状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。

Whilereadingthebook,thetelephonerang.Whilereadingthebook,sheheardthetelephonering.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wefoundabeautifulgarden.3.独立成分作状语常见的分词短语有：

Franklyspeaking;honestlyspeaking;Judgingfrom;considering;totellthetruthHonestlyspeaking,heisnotfitforthejob.Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromthesouth.三、过去分词ed作状语过去分词做状语可表示被动和完成的动作。

过去分词做状语可表示被动和完成的动作。

表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式等，相表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式等，相当于相应的状语从句。

当于相应的状语从句。

11表时间表时间SeenSeenfromthetopofthehill,fromthetopofthehill,thecitythecitylookedlikealookedlikeabiggarden.biggarden.=whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,thecity.=whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,thecity.AskedAskedwhathadhappened,whathadhappened,heheloweredhishead.loweredhishead.=whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,he.=whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,he.2.表原因Surroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.=Ashewassurroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldman.Greatlytouchedbytheteacherswords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.=Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbytheteacherswords,he.3.表条件Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.=ifweweregivenmoretime,we.Comparedwithyourbrother,youshouldmakegreatereffortstostudyEnglish.=ifyouarecomparedwithyourbrother,you.4.表让步Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.=Althoughhewaslaughedatbymanypeople,he.Evenifinvited,iwonttakepartintheparty.Evenifiaminvited,i.5.表示方式或伴随Supportedbyagirl,theoldmangotoffthebus.Heturnedaway,disappointed.Hewalkedupanddowntheroom,lostinthought.注意：

1.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，常用于一些系表结构中。

此时的过去分词既不表被动也不表完成，而表示一种状态。

这样的词有：

lost；seated；hidden；lost/absorbedin；dressedin；tiredof等。

Disappointedattheexaminationresult,shesattheresilent.Satisfiedwithourperformance,theteacherkeptnodding.2.过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致。

Askedwhyshewaslate,herfacewentred.Askedwhyshewaslate,shewentredintheface.3.过去分词或短语做状语时，也可在其前面加上连词when、if、once、though、unless等，以便明确作何种状语。

Thoughbeaten,wewerenotdiscouraged.=Thoughwewerebeated,we.Oncetasted,thedishishardtoforget.=onceitistasted,thedish.4.过去分词做状语与现在分词作状语的区别：

过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系或被动关系。

现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系或主动关系。

Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.Usingthebook,ifindituseful.fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.AseeingBseenSeenSeeingA）1.Today_（be）Sunday,thelibrarydoesntopen.2.There_（be）nobuses,wehadtowalkhome.什么什么是是独立主格结构独立主格结构所谓独立主格结构，分词的逻辑主语不是所谓独立主格结构，分词的逻辑主语不是句子主语，而是有自己的逻辑主语时，叫句子主语，而是有自己的逻辑主语时，叫独立主格结构。

独立主格结构。

beingbeing3.Thesignal_（give）,thebusstarted.4.Withtheworker_（lead）,theYoungPioneerswentthroughtheforestandstartedtowardsthemountainvillage.givenleading