古代名言英汉互译Word格式.docx
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《庄子》TheWorksofZhuangzi
《论语》TheAnalectsofConfucius
《楚辞》TheSongsofChu
汉乐府YuefuPoems（oftheHanDynasty）
老子《道德经》TheBookofTaoandTeh
《尚书》名言英译
1［名言］功亏一篑。
［注解］亏:
缺少。
篑（kuì
）:
土筐,这里作量词。
［English］Itisleftunfinishedforlackofonlyonebasketfulofearth.
2［名言］满招损,谦受益。
［English］Complacencyspellsloss,whilemodestybringsbenefit.
Onelosesbycomplacencyandgainsbymodesty.
《周易》名言英译
1［名言］君子藏器于身,待时而动。
［注解］器:
器具,指射猎用的弓箭之类,喻才学。
［出处］《周易·
系辞下》：
“君子藏器于身，待时而动，何不利之有？
”
［English］Thesuperiormankeepshisweaponconcealedabouthisperson,andwaitsforthepropertime（rightmoment）tomove/act.
2［名言］仁者见之谓之仁,知者见之谓之知。
［English］Thebenevolentseeitandcallitbenevolence.Thewiseseeitandcallitwisdom.
《礼记》名言TheBookofRites（oftheWarringStatesPeriod）
1［名言］苛政猛于虎也。
［English］Tyrannyisfiercerthanatiger.
2［名言］大道之行也,天下为公。
选贤与能,讲信修睦。
故人不独亲其亲,不独子其子,使老有所终,壮有所用,幼有所长,矜寡孤独废疾者皆有所养。
男有分,女有归。
货恶其弃于地也,不必藏于己；
力恶其不出于身也,不必为己。
是故谋闭而不兴,盗窃乱贼而不作,故外户而不闭,是谓大同。
［English］：
Whenthewayofvirtueandjusticeprevailed,thewholeworldwasonecommunity.Thennobodywaspromotedbutthoseofworthandtalent.Nodoctrinesweretaughtbutthoseofsincerityandharmony,andtheywerefollowedinmoralcultivation.Thusmendidnotloveonlytheirownparentsortreatonlytheirownsonsastheirchildren.
Alife-longprovisionwasmadefortheaged;
employmentwasfoundfortheable-bodiedand,fortheyoung,anenvironmentinwhichtheycouldmature.Widows,orphans,childlessmenandthosedisabledbydiseaseweresufficientlyprovidedfor.Maleshadtheirproperwork,andfemalestheirhomes.
Theydidnotliketothrowthingsawayonthegroundbutkeptthem,notnecessarilyfortheirgratificationsothattheymightsharethemwithothers.Theydidnothappilyenjoythingswhichtheyhadnotpaidforbytheirownefforts,anddidnotworksimplyfortheirowngood.Thereforeexploitationwassuppressed.Therewerenorobbers,tricksters,rebelsortraitors.Theouterdoorsremainedopen.Thisiswhatwasmeantbythe“UniversalHarmony”.
3［名言］学然后知不足,教然后知困。
［English］Onecanhardlyknowthelimitationofhisknowledgeuntilhebeginstolearn,andwhenheteacheshewilllearntherearestillmanyunsolvedproblems.
4［名言］教学相长。
［English］Thosewhoteachandthosewholearnmayimproveeachother.
5［名言］独学而无友,则孤陋而寡闻。
［English］Learningwithoutexchangingviewswithothersmayleaveoneignorantandill-informed.
6［名言］仁者，人也；
亲亲为大。
义者，宜也；
尊贤为大。
［注解］亲亲:
亲近亲属（父母）,第一个“亲”字为动词。
［English］Benevolenceisthecharacteristicelementofhumanity,andthegreatexerciseofitisinlovingrelatives.Righteousnessistheaccordanceofactionswithwhatisright,andthegreatexerciseofitisinhonouringtheworthy.
7［名言］凡事豫则立,不豫则废。
［注解］豫:
通“预”,预防。
（豫:
预备，事先准备。
）
［English］Inallthingssuccessdependsonpreviouspreparation.Withoutsuchpreparationthereissuretobefailure.
Indoinganythingyouwillsucceedifyoumakepreparations.Withoutpreparationsyouareboundtofail.
8［名言］大学之道,在明明德,在亲民,在止于至善。
WhattheGreatLearningteachesistoillustratesplendidvirtues,torenovatethepeople,andtoarriveatthesupremegood
TheWayofGreatLearningliesinillustratingsplendidvirtuesandendearingoneselftothepeoplesoastoreachperfection.（此译“亲民”指亲近民众。
）
9［名言］博学而不穷,笃行而不倦。
［English］Thescholarlearnsextensively,andneverallowshisresearchestocometoanend;
hepractiseswithallhismight,butisneverweary.
1［名言］得道者多助,失道者寡助。
寡助之至,亲戚畔之。
多助之至,天下顺之。
［English］Hewhopractiseshumanityhasmanytosupporthim.Hewhogoesagainsthumanityhasfewtosupporthim.Inextremecases,thelatterwillfindevenhisownrelativesturningagainsthim,whiletheformerwillhavethewholeworldtofollowhim.
2［名言］富贵不能淫,贫贱不能移,威武不能屈,此之谓大丈夫。
［English］Neitherrichesnorhonourscancorrupthim;
neitherpovertynorlowpositioncanmakehimswervefromprinciple;
neitherpowernorforcecanmakehimbend－thesearethequalitiesthatconstituteagreatman.
3［名言］老吾老,以及人之老;
幼吾幼,以及人之幼。
［English］Showrespectfortheagedinone'
sfamilyandforthoseofotherfamilies;
extendlovetotheyoungonesinone'
sfamilyandtothoseofotherfamilies.
4［名言］穷则独善其身,达则兼善天下。
［English］Inpoverty,onewouldcultivatehisownvirtue.Inprosperity,hewouldbenefitallunderheaven.
《孙子兵法》TheArtofWarbySunzi
1［名言］攻其无备,出其不意。
［English］Attackwhereheisunprepared,andsallyoutwhenhedoesnotexpectyou.
•Strikewhenandwheretheenemyisunprepared.
2［名言］知彼知己,百战不殆;
不知彼而知己,一胜一负;
不知彼不知己,每战必败。
（《孙子兵法·
谋攻》）
［English］Hewhohasathoroughknowledgeofhisownconditionsaswellastheenemy'
sissuretowin;
hewhohasathoroughknowledgeofhisownconditionsbutnottheenemy'
shasanevenchanceofwinningandlosingabattle;
andhewhohasneitherathoroughknowledgeofhisownconditionsnortheenemy'
sissuretoloseineverybattle.
1［名言］流水不腐,户枢不蠹。
（《吕氏春秋·
尽数》）
［English］Flowingwaterdoesnotgofoul,andamovingdoorhingedoesnotgetworm-eaten.
1［名言］道可道,非常道;
名可名,非常名。
［English］TheTaothatcanbetalkedaboutisnottheeternalTao,andthenamethatcanbenamedisnottheeternalname.
2［名言］千里之行,始于足下。
［English］Ajourneyofonethousandlistartsfromwhereyoustand.
•Ajourneyofathousandmilesstartswiththefirststep.
3［名言］上善若水,水利万物而不争。
［English］Thehighestgoodnessislikewater,whichbenefitsallthingsinsteadofcontendingwiththem.
4［名言］知人者智,自知者明。
［English］Hewhounderstandsotherswelliswise;
hewhoknowshimselfwellhasinsight.
5［名言］大器晚成。
［English］Oftheutensilsthemostprecioustakesthelongesttimetobefinished.
•Greattalentsripenlate.
6［名言］祸兮福之所倚,福兮祸之所伏。
［English］Badfortuneiswhatgoodfortuneleanson.Goodfortuneiswhatbadfortunehidesin.
•Disasterhidesitselfbehindgoodfortune,andgoodfortuneleansagainstdisaster.
《论语》TheAnalectsofConfucius
1［名言］质胜文则野,文胜质则史。
［English］Whenone'
ssimplicityisinexcessofhisoutwardgrace,hewilllookuncultivated;
whenone'
soutwardgraceisinexcessofhissimplicity,hewillseemtobesuperficial.
2［名言］文质彬彬,然后君子。
［English］Whentheaccomplishmentsandsolidqualitiesareequallyblended,wethenhavethemanofcompletevirtue.
Onlywhenhisoutwardgraceandinnerqualitiesareharmoniouslyblended,canhebecomeamanofvirtue.
3［名言］知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
［English］Toknowwhatonereallyunderstandsandtoadmitwhatonedoesnotknowaretrueknowledge.〔此译“是知也”意为这是真知晓。
〕
Itiswisetoknowwhatonereallyunderstandsandtoadmitwhatonedoesnotknow.〔此译“是知也”即“是智也”,意为这就是聪明。
〕
4［名言］成事不说,遂事不谏,既往不咎。
［English］Itisneedlesstospeakaboutwhatyouhaveaccomplished.Itisneedlesstoremonstrate（抗议）aboutwhathashaditscourse.Anditisneedlesstoblamethingsthatarepast.
5［名言］父母在,不远游,游必有方。
［English］Whilehisparentsarealive,thesonmaynotgofaraway.Ifhedoesgoafar,hemusthaveafixedplacetowhichhegoes
6［名言］《诗》三百,一言以蔽之,曰:
“思无邪。
”
［English］InTheBookofPoetryarethreehundredpieces,butthedesignofthemallmaybeembracedinoneexpression:
“Havenodepravedthoughts.”
ForthethreehundredpiecesintheTheBookofPoetry,thesingleconclusionis:
1［名言］吾生也有涯,而知也无涯。
［English］Thereisalimittoourlives,butthereisnolimittoknowledge.
2［名言］来世不可待,往世不可追也。
［English］Thefutureisnottobewaitedfor;
thepastisnottobesoughtagain!
Wecannotexpectwhatwillcomeoutinthefuture,andwecannotretrievewhathaspassed.
1［名言］不积跬步,无以至千里;
不积小流,无以成江海。
（《荀子·
劝学》）
［English］Withoutsmallsteps,nolongdistancecanbecovered;
withouttinystreams,noriversandseascanbeaccumulated.
2［名言］不闻不若闻之,闻之不若见之,见之不若知之,知之不若行之。
学至于行之而止矣。
《荀子·
儒效》）
［English］Itisbettertohearsomethingthannottohearit;
itisbettertoseesomethingthantohearit;
itisbettertounderstandsomethingthantoseeit;
itisbettertopractisesomethingthantounderstandit.Learningendsupinpractice.
3［名言］君者,舟也;
庶人者,水也。
水则载舟,水则覆舟。
王制》）
［English］Therelationshipbetweenakingandthecommonpeopleissimilartothatbetweenaboatandwater.Itisonwaterthataboatfloats,anditisinwaterthataboatmaycapsize.
汉乐府MusicBureauoftheHanDynasty
1［名言］少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。
［English］Ifonedoesnotexertoneselfinyouth,onewillregretitinoldage.
•Ifonedoesnotmakegooduseofhisyouth,hewillpasshisoldageinruth.
•Lazinessinyouthspellsregretinoldage.
•
楚辞TheSongsofChu
1［名言］路曼曼其脩远兮,吾将上下而求索。
（《离骚》）
［English］ThewayaheadislongandIseenoending,yethighandlowI'
llsearchwithmywillunbending.
ThewayaheadisveryverylongandI'
llseekmyidealhighandlow.
2［名言］鸟飞反故乡兮,狐死必首丘。
［白话］飞鸟飞走多远也要返回故林，狐狸临死头也要朝向生身的山冈。
《楚辞·
九章·
哀郢》
［English］Abirdfliesnowherebuthome-bound.Adyingfoxturnsitsheadtoitsmound.“LamentfortheChuCapital”
3［名言］亦余心之所善兮,虽九死其犹未悔。
（《楚辞·
离骚》）
［注解］亦:
只要（实在，毕竟）
既替余以蕙纕兮，又申之以揽茝。
……
［白话］这是我心中追求的东西，就是死很多次也不后悔。
［English］Myhearttellsmeit'
sgoodandIwon'
tregrettodieninetimesforit.
•“TheLament”
1［名言］仓廪实则知礼节,衣食足则知荣辱。
（《管子·
牧民》）
［English］Whenthereare
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