深圳牛津7B Chapter3Encyclopaedia文档格式.docx
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=ItusuallytakesJimtwohourstodohishomework.
11.Finally,theygothereintime.=Atlast/Intheend,theygothereintime.
12.IcanhelpyoutolearnEnglish.=IcanhelpyouwithlearningEnglish.
13.Heisastallashisbrother.=Hehasthesameheightashisbrother.
14.Thereisnobodyinthecinemaatdaytime=Thereisnotanybodyinthecinemaatdaytime.
15.Theyfoundedtheschooltenyearsago.=theysetuptheschooltenyearsago.
16.Afterfinishinghomework,hewenttobed.
=Afterhefinishedthehomework,hewenttobed.
17.Dinosaursdisappearedsuddenly.=Dinosaursdiedoutsuddenly.
指示代词
指示代词是表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的代词,如:
this,that,these,those等。
英语中指示代词的用法同汉语中的情况相似。
this和these一般用来指较近的事物,that和those则指较远的事物。
指示代词可以充当句子中的主语、定语、宾语或表语。
例如:
Thisisadifficultquestion.这是个难题。
Thatbasketballisn’tours.那个篮球不是我们的。
Doyoulikethese?
你喜欢这些吗?
1)指下文要提到的事用this
Pleaserememberthis:
Nopain,nogain.请记住这点:
没有付出就没有收获。
2)指前面刚刚提到过的是
Hewasill,that’swhyhedidn’tgotoschool.他病了。
那就是他没去上学的原因。
3)打电话时用this介绍自己,用that询问对方。
---Whoisthat?
----ThisisMikespeaking.你是哪位?
我是迈克。
4)That,those常用于比较句型中,代替前面提到的名词。
TheweatherinShenzhenisdifferentfromthatinBeijing.
Theapplesinthisshoparemuchcheaperthanthoseinthatshop.
名词之专有名词/可数名词/不可数名词
专有名词
专有名词主要指人名、地名及某些类人和事物专有的名称。
专有名词的第一个字母要大写。
1)人名:
Mary,MrsGreen,Zhanghua2)地名:
Beijing,WestLake
3)某类人的名称:
Americans,Russians4)某些抽象事物的名称:
English,Chinese
5)月份、周日及节日名称:
May,Saturday,Easter6)书名、电影及诗歌的名称:
ConewiththeWind
7)对家人等的称呼:
Mum,Dad,UncleTom
可数名词和不可数名词
(1)名词按所表示的事物的性质分为可数与不可数名词两类。
可数名词有复数形式,不可数名词一般没有复数形式。
普通名词中的个体名词和集体名词一般是可数的,所以它们又可称为可数名词。
可数名词单数往往要同不定冠词a或an连用,复数则要使用其复数形式。
普通名词中的物质名词和抽象名词及专有名词一般是不可数的,这些名词又可称为不可数名词。
不可数名词不能用不定冠词修饰,也不存在复数形式,如ice(冰),water(水),rice(稻子)等。
在英语中个别名词既可以作不可数名词,又可以作可数名词。
但由于用法不同,它们的意思往往也不大相同,对这些名词要特别注意。
例如:
作不可数名词
作可数名词
glass玻璃
paper纸张
time时间
work消息
玻璃杯;
镜子;
眼镜
报纸;
文件;
考卷
次数;
时代
单词;
话语
常用的不可数名词有:
Food,meat,fish,chicken,pork,beef,mutton,drink,orange,milk,tea,coke,water,rice,bread,homework,news,paper,ice,rain,snow,wind,cloud,air,weather,maths,Chinese,English,music,information,fun,work.
可以修饰不可数名词的词或短语
Alotof,lotsof,some,alittle,little
数次+容器+of+不可数名词
如:
aglassofwatertwoglassesofwater
Apieceofnewstwopiecesofnews
(2)可数名词复数形式的构成
可数名词的复数形式通常是在单数形式后加-s或-es,现将其复数的一般构成方法及读音列表如下:
情况
构成方法
例词
读音
一般情况
在词尾加-s
desk→desks
map→maps
-s在请辅音后发[s]音
day→days
girl→girls
-s在元音私浊畏音后发[z]
以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词
在词尾加-es
bus→buses
box→boxes
watch→watches
fish→fishes
es发[iz]音
以辅音字母加y结尾的词
变y为I再加-es
family→families
factory→factories
party→parties
-ies发[iz]音
以元音字母y结尾的词
boy→boys
key→keys
-s发[z]音
以f或fe结尾的词
变f或fe为v再加-es
knife→knives
life→lives
wife→wives
half→halves
-ves发[vz]音
以辅音字母加o结尾的词
potato→potatoes
tomato→tomatoes
hero→heroes
-es发[z]音
以元音字母加o结尾的词
radio→radios
zoo→zoos
少数以辅音字母加o结尾的名词变为复数时只加-s。
photo→photos,piano→pianos等。
有些以f结尾的名词变为复数时也只加-s。
handkerchief→handkerchiefs,roof→roofs等。
英语中还有不少名词的复数形式是不规则的,必须把它们牢记在心。
man→men,woman→women,Frenchman→Frenchmen,child→children,tooth→teeth,foot→feet,goose→geese,mouse→mice,sheep→sheep,deer→deer,fish→fish等.
Chapter3语法指示代词
单项选择
()1._______arechickensand______areducks.
A.This;
thatB.These;
thoseC.That;
thisD.This;
these
()2.Theclimate(气候)inShenzhenisbetterthan_______inBeijing.
A.itB.thisC.thatD.those
()3.ThestudentsinGradeThreearetallerthan_______inGradeOne.
A.itB.thisC.thatD.those
()4.Keep_______inmind.Don’tforgetit.
A.theyB.theseC.thisD.Those
()5.—John,someoneiswaitingforyouatthegateofourschool.—Whois____?
A.heB.sheC.itD.they
Chapter3语法名词
Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Ahorsehasfour_________(foot).
2.Two_________(policeman)arewalkinginthestreet.
3.Thelittlegirlhastwo__________(tooth)already.
4.Therearefive__________(Chinese)andthree__________(German)intheclass.
5.Theyhavetwo__________(library),butwehaveonlyone.
6.—Howmany__________(box)arethereintheroom?
—Therearetwo.
7.Therearesome__________(shelf)inthereadingroom.
8.Look!
Two__________(monkey)arefightingforfoodoverthere.
9.Ilikeeating__________(potato)and__________(tomato).
10.Itissaidthateight__________(glass)ofwateradaycanhelpyoukeepfit.
Ⅱ.单项选择
()1.Therearethree________assistantsinthat________shop.
A.women;
shoeB.woman;
shoeC.woman;
shoesD.women;
shoes
()2.—I’dlikesomethingtoread.—OK.Here’ssome________.
A.CDsB.pencilsC.photosD.books
()3.—Arethereany________onthefarm?
—Yes,therearesome.
A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep
()4.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink,________ororange?
—Orange,please.
A.hamburgerB.chipC.teaD.bread
()5.Therearefew_____inthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomecarrotsandcabbages.
A.meatB.fruitC.vegetablesD.bread
()6.Mum,I’mhungry.Wouldyoupleasegivemesome________?
A.breadB.dumplingC.clothesD.sandwich
()7.—Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem________?
—Ofcourse.
A.somebottlesofwaters
B.somebottlesofwater
C.somebottleofwater
D.somebottleofwaters
()8.—Arethey_____?
—_____,theyare.
A.crocodiles;
NoB.crocodile;
NoC.crocodile;
YesD.crocodiles;
Yes
()9.Sarahofteneatsa_____ofriceatnoon.
A.bottleB.bowlC.jarD./
()10.—Arethere_____studentsontheplayground?
—Yes,thereare_____.
A.any;
someB.some;
anyC.any;
anyD.some;
some
同步练习:
一单项选择30
—Arethose______?
—No,theyaren’t.They’re_____.
A.sheep;
cows
B.sheep;
cow
C.sheeps;
D.sheeps;
cows
Mum,I’mquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme____.
A.twobottleofmilkB.twobottlesofmilks
C.twobottlesmilkD.twobottlesofmilk
Thereare_______treesonbothsidesofthestreetinShenzhen.
A.muchB.moreC.manyD.most
JackandTomare______.
A.goodfriends
B.goodfriend
C.agoodfriend
D.goodafriend
Tomisillinhospitalandhismotherislooking_____him.
A.atB.afterC.overD.up
________oftreesarecutdowneveryyear.
A.MillionB.twomillionC.twomillionsD.Millions
Idon’tlike_______pictures.
A.this
B.that
C.those
D.a
—Whois_______?
—______isJerryspeaking.
A.this,This
B.that,This
C.that,that
D.it,it
—Whatare______?
—_______aretigers.
A.this,This
B.these,They
C.that,They
D.that,that
—Is________yourbook?
—Yes,itis.
A.this
B.these
C.those
D./
EverymorningIhavetwo______andabottleofmilk.
A.sliceofbreadsB.slicesofbreads
C.sliceofbreadD.slicesofbread
I_____thiscameralastmonth.
A.buyB.buysC.buyingD.bought
______isn’tmybook.Mineisonthetableoverthere.
A.ThisB.ThatC.TheseD.Those
Johnismuchshorterthanhissister,buthejumps_____shedoes.
A.asgoodasB.asbestasC.ashighasD.ashigheras
TheweatherinShenzhenishotterthan_____inBeijing.
A.thoseB.thatC.dishesD./
SunYat—sen________theChineseRepublicin1911
A.foundB.foundedC.findedD.founds
Shehastwosister,oneisinShanghai,_______isinShenzhen.
A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.theothers
Hersisteris_______morebeautifulthanher.
A.muchB.manyC.littleD.few
Hismothergotajob---_______thestreet.
A.cleansB.cleanedC.tocleanD.cleanning
Lisastudiesatschool,________,sheworksinarestaurant.
A.butB.howeverC.atthesametimeD.although
Hisgrandfatherdied_______hungry.
A.aboutB.fromC.ofD.on
Yourruleris________mine
A.thesamelongasB.aslengthas
C.aslongasD.aslongthesame
_
Thebagofricehasthesame________asthatone
A.heavyB.weightC