WebKitDisplayWebContentWord文档下载推荐.docx

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withrespecttoanyofthetechnologydescribed

inthisdocument.Appleretainsallintellectualpropertyrightsassociatedwiththetechnologydescribedinthisdocument.ThisdocumentisintendedtoassistapplicationdeveloperstodevelopapplicationsonlyforApple-labeledcomputers.

1InfiniteLoop

Cupertino,CA95014

408-996-1010

Apple,theApplelogo,Carbon,Cocoa,Mac,MacOS,Objective-C,Pages,QuickTime,Safari,andXcodearetrademarksofAppleInc.,registeredintheUnitedStatesandothercountries.

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Contents

IntroductiontoWebKitObjective-CProgrammingGuide9

WhatIstheWebKit?

9

WhoShouldReadThisDocument?

OrganizationofThisDocument10

SeeAlso11

WhyUsetheWebKit?

13

CoreWebKitClasses15

FrameModelandViewClasses15

DataModelandViewClasses16

Provisionalvs.CommittedDataSources17

WebViewDelegates18

SimpleBrowsing21

MultipleWindows23

OpeningWindows23

EnteringURLs23

HandlingNewWindowRequests24

LoadingPages27

SequenceofFrameLoadDelegateMessages27

TestingfortheMainFrame28

DisplayingtheCurrentURL28

DisplayingthePageTitle28

DisplayingLoadStatus29

LoadingResources31

SequenceofResourceLoadDelegateMessages31

IdentifyingResources31

TrackingResourceLoadProgress32

PagingBackandForward35

EnablingandDisablingtheBack-ForwardList35

AddingBackandForwardButtons35

3

2009-07-28|©

2003,2009AppleInc.AllRightsReserved.

SettingthePageCache35

SettingtheCapacity36

TheCurrentItem36

ManagingState36

ManagingHistory37

SharingHistoryObjects37

AddingandRemovingHistoryItems37

LoadingaHistoryItem38

SavingandLoadingHistoryObjects38

MakingPolicyDecisions39

EnablingEditing41

SavingandLoadingWebContent43

ModifyingtheCurrentSelection45

ChangingEditingBehavior47

ShouldMethods47

DidMethods47

UsingUndoWhenEditing49

UsingtheDocumentObjectModelfromObjective-C51

InterpretingtheDOMSpecification51

HandlingExceptions53

UsingtheDocumentObjectModelExtensions55

UsingJavaScriptFromObjective-C57

Spoofing59

AccessingtheWebKitFromCarbonApplications61

DeterminingWebKitAvailability63

TestingforURLLoadingSystemAvailability63

4

TestingforWebKitAvailability63

IsolatingYourWebKitandURLLoadingSystemSymbols64

ConditionallyLoadingCode64

WeakLinkingSymbols64

DocumentRevisionHistory67

5

6

FiguresandListings

Figure1WebViewandWebFrameViewobjects16

Figure2WebFrameandWebDataSourceobjects17

Figure3Typicalwebsite18

Listing1DeterminingiftheURLLoadingsystemisavailable.63

Listing2DeterminingiftheWebKitframeworkisavailable63

Listing3LoadingWebKitconstantsdynamicallyusingCFBundle65

7

8

IntroductiontoWebKitObjective-CProgrammingGuide

ConcurrencyNote:

TheWebKitframeworkisnotthreadsafe.Ifyoucallfunctionsormethodsinthisframework,youmustdosoexclusivelyonthemainprogramthread.

TheWebKitprovidesasetofcoreclassestodisplaywebcontentinwindows,andbydefault,implementsfeaturessuchasfollowinglinksclickedbytheuser.TheWebKitgreatlysimplifiesthecomplicatedprocess

ofloadingwebpages—thatis,asynchronouslyrequestingwebcontentfromanHTTPserveroverthenetworkwheretheresponsemayarriveincrementally,inrandomorder,orpartiallyduetonetworkerrors.TheWebKitalsosimplifiestheprocessofdisplayingcontentthatcancontainvariousMIMEtypes,andmultipleframeseachwiththeirownsetofscrollbars.

YouusetheWebKittodisplaywebcontentinawindowofyourapplication.It’sassimpleascreatingaview,placingitinawindow,andsendingaURLloadrequestmessage.Bydefault,yourWebKitapplicationbehavesasyouwouldexpectwithouterror.TheWebKitconvenientlycreatesandmanagesalltheviewsneededtohandledifferentMIMEtypes.Whentheuserclicksonalinkinapage,theWebKitautomaticallycreatestheviewsneededtodisplaythenextpage.

However,theWebKitdoesn’timplementacompletesetofwebbrowserfeatures.Youcan,however,extendtheWebKitbyimplementingcustomdelegate,view,andmodelobjects.Forexample,youcanimplementadelegatetodisplayloadstatus,andthecurrentURL.

TheWebKitalsoofferswebcontentediting.IfyouenableeditinginyourWebView,userscaneditthewebcontentitdisplays.YoucanprogrammaticallycontrolthecurrentselectionandcontroleditingbehaviorusingaWebViewdelegate.YoucanalsomodifytheDocumentObjectModeldirectlyusinganObjective-CAPI.

YoucanalsoaccessJavaScriptfromObjective-Candviceversa.

TheWebKitObjective-CAPIisspecificallydesignedforembeddingwebcontentinyourCocoaorCarbonapplications—developingwebclientapplicationsnotwebserverapplicationsorwebcontent.Itisalsonotsuitableforimplementingnon-GUIapplicationssuchaswebcrawlers.IfyouareawebcontentcreatororJavaScriptprogrammer,refertoWebKitDOMProgrammingTopics.

9

Important:

Currently,thisAPIisavailableinObjective-Conly.AminimalCAPIisprovidedforembeddingwebbrowserviewsinCarbonapplications.YoucanuseObjective-CincombinationwithC.TheWebKitworkswithallversionsofMacOSX10.2thathaveSafari1.0installed.

OrganizationofThisDocument

ThefollowingarticlescoverkeyconceptsinunderstandinghowtheWebKitworks:

●“WhyUsetheWebKit?

”（page13）describesthepurposeoftheWebKitandwhyyoumightwanttouseitinyourapplications.

●“CoreWebKitClasses”（page15）describesthecoreWebKitclassesandtheobject-orienteddesignthatisfundamentaltounderstandinghowtheWebKitworks.

Thefollowingarticlesexplainhowtodisplaywebcontentinviews:

●“SimpleBrowsing”（page21）showshowtoembedwebcontentinyourapplicationbyfollowingafewsimplesteps.

●“MultipleWindows”（page23）showshowtoaddsupportformultiplewindows,andopenwindowsautomatically.

●“LoadingPages”（page27）showshowtotracktheprogressofloadingframecontent.

●“LoadingResources”（page31）showshowtotracktheprogressofloadingindividualresourcesonapage.

●“PagingBackandForward”（page35）showshowtoimplementaback-forwardlistandaddBackand

Forwardbuttonstoyourapplication.

●“ManagingHistory”（page37）showshowtomaintainahistoryofallthevisitedpages,andallowtheusertogotoapreviouslyvisitedpage.

●“Spoofing”（page59）showshowtouseuser-agentstrings.

●“AccessingtheWebKitFromCarbonApplications”（page61）explainshowtoembedwebcontentin

Carbonapplications.

●“DeterminingWebKitAvailability”（page63）explainshowtodetermineiftheWebKitisavailableonyoursystem.

Thefollowingarticlesexplainhowtoimplementwebcontentediting:

●“EnablingEditing”（page41）showshowtoenableusereditinginaWebView.

●“SavingandLoadingWebContent”（page43）showshowtosaveandloadwebcontenteditedbytheuser.

●“ModifyingtheCurrentSelection”（page45）showshowtoprogrammaticallymodifyth