最新四六级英语作文写作基础过渡词.docx
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最新四六级英语作文写作基础过渡词
无论是四六级英语作文,还是英语四级(CET—4)和英语六级(CET—4),如果你想拿高分,让评分老师有耳目一新的感觉,你就必须学会用过度/渡词。
恰当,合理运用过度/渡词可以你的英语作文结构紧凑,过渡自然,避免脱节现象。
但最重要的是你要在平时练习的时候就多用过度词/过渡词,但不要滥用,否则会适得其反的。
你要懂得何时用这些词,这样在考试中用起来才不会别扭,不顺手。
(3)个性体现四六级英语作文写作基础——过渡词
众所周知,要写出清晰流畅的文章,需要把文章中各部分巧妙地连接在一起。
这样可使文章自然而别致,并能层层展开主题句,完整地表达中心思想。
而过渡词(TransitionalWords)是连接这些部分的纽带。
过渡词是一种关系指引词,一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。
此外,代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。
过渡词能使文章启、承、转、合,融会贯通,连成一体。
一、过渡词的分类
1.根据意思和作用的不同,过渡词可以分为以下十五类:
(1)表并列关系的过渡词:
and,also,aswell,aswellas,or,too,notonly…butalso,both…and,either…or,neither…nor
(2)表递进关系的过渡词:
besides,inaddition(加之,除……之外),moreover(此外,而且),what’smore,what’sworse
(3)表转折对比的过渡词:
but,however,yet,instead,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,although,differentfrom,despite,inpiteof,whereas,unlike,nevertheless,notonly…butalso,here…there,yearsago…today,this…that,theformer…thelatter,then…now,thefirst…whereasthesecond,once…now,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,some…others
(4)表原因的过渡词:
because,becauseof,since,as,for,nowthat,thanksto,dueto(由于)
(5)表结果的过渡词:
so,thus,therefore,asaresult,sothat,then,thereby,hence,so…that,such…that
(6)表条件的过渡词:
if,unless,onconditionthat,as/solongas
(7)表时间的过渡词:
when,while,after,before,until,assoonas,later,afterwards,soon,lately,recently,since,fromthenon, eventually,inthemeantime,then,suddenly,atthesametime,next,earlythismorning/year/century,afterawhile,inafewdays,now,presently,finally,atlast,allofasudden,formnowon,atpresent,immediately,themoment
(8)表特定的顺序关系的过渡词:
first,firstly,second,secondly,third,thirdly,aboveall,firstofall,then,next,finally,intheend,atlast,afterward(s)(后来),meanwhile(几乎同时),thereafter(在那以后),last,finally,eventually(终于)
(9)表换一种方式表达的过渡词:
inotherwords,thatistosay,toputitanotherway
(10)表进行举例说明的过渡词:
forinstance,forexample,like,suchas
(11)表陈述事实的过渡词:
infact,actually,asamatteroffact,totellyouthetruth
(12)表强调的过渡词:
certainly,indeed,aboveall,surely,mostimportant,infact,nodoubt,withoutanydoubt,truly,obviously
(13)表比较的过渡词:
like,unlike,inthesameway,similarly,similarto
(14)表目的的过渡词:
forthisreason,forthispurpose,sothat,inorderto,soasto
(15)表总结的过渡词:
inaword(总之,简言之),ingeneral,inshort(总之),aboveall,afterall,generallyspeaking,tosumup,finally,inconclusion,atlast,insummary
2.文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成,在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。
“启”就是开头,“承”是承接,“转”是转折,“合”是综合或总结。
(1)用于“启”的过渡词语 用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头:
first,firstofall,atfirst,inthefirstplace,firstly,tobeingwith,tostartwith,recently,now,atpresent,inrecentyears,ingeneral,generallyspeaking,atpresent,lately,currently,
Itisoftensaidthat…,
Astheproverbsays…,
Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…,
Itisclear/obviousthat…,
Manypeopleoftenask…
(2)用于“承”的过渡词语 表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中:
second,similarly,inaddition,besides,then,furthermore,moreover,whatismore,whatisworse,forexample,forinstance,certainly,surely,obviously,inotherwords,especially,particularly,inparticular,indeed,still,third,truly,infact,atthesametime,nodoubt,
Itistruethat…,
Everybodyknowsthat…,
Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat…,
Noonecandenythat…
Thereasonwhy…isthat…,
Thereisnodoubtthat…,
Totake…foranexample(instance)…,
Weknowthat…,
Whatismoreseriousisthat…
(3)用于“转”的过渡词语 用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中:
but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,incontrast,inanycase,atanyrate(无论如何),nevertheless(虽然如此),otherwise,or,orelse,while,whereas,but,despite,inspiteof...,yet,instead,
Idonotbelievethat…,
Perhapsyou’llaskwhy…
Thismaybetrue,butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto…,
Thoughweareinbasicagreementwith…,yetdifferenceswillbefound,
That’swhyIfeelthat…
(4)用于“合”的过渡词语 用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中:
inaword,ingeneral,inshort,aboveall,afterall,generallyspeaking,tosumup,finally,inconclusion,atlast,insummary,therefore,asaresult,aboveall,thus,afterall(毕竟),eventually,hence,inshort,inconclusion,inaword,insum(总之),onthewhole(就整体而言),tosumup
Fromthispointofview…
Onaccountofthiswecanfindthat…
Theresultisdependenton…
Thus,thisisthereasonwhywemust…
二、过渡词的应用
有的学生在作文中使用过多简单句,成了简单句堆砌;有的写复杂句时,动辄用so,and,then,but,or,however,yet等非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的,反而使句子结构松散、呆板。
为了避免这种现象,可以通过使用不同的过渡词,不仅能够丰富句型,而且还能够把思想表达得更清楚,意义更连贯。
例如:
1.学生习作
TVandwebsite
TVandwebsitearepopularmedia.Theyhavesomethingincommon.Bothofthemmakemoneyfromads.Websitesalsohavedifferentsections.Youmaychoosetheoneyouaremostinterestedin.
Theyaredifferentinmanyways.MovingpicturesareshownonTVwithsoundandinterpretation.Itmakesyoufeelthatyouarejustonthespot.Theprogramschangeeveryday.Profe