高中英语人教版必修1教案 Unit1Friendship Grammar 教案系列sanWord格式.docx

高中英语人教版必修1教案 Unit1Friendship Grammar 教案系列sanWord格式.docx

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Myfriendsaidshe（he）wouldgotherethenextday.

5.Ifboththetimeandtheplacehavechanged,theothershouldsay:

He（She）saidhe（she）wouldgotherethenextday.

Ifstudentslearnthegrammarthisway,itiseasierforthemtograsp.

教学重点

SummarizetherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.

教学难点

Getthestudentstolearnaboutthespecialcasesinwhichthetensesshouldn’tbechanged.

教学方法

Discussing,summarizingandpracticing

教具准备

Aprojectorandothernecessaryteachingtools

三维目标

Knowledgeaims:

GetthestudentstolearnandgrasptherulesofDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech.

Abilityaims:

Getthestudentstobeabletousetherulestoexpresstheirmeaningsandretailothers’correctly.

Emotionalaims:

1.Getthestudentsnottobeafraidofgrammarlearning.

2.Getthestudentstodeveloptheirsenseofgroupcooperation.

教学过程

→Step1Revision

1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.

2.Haveadictationtowritesomeimportantwordsandexpressions.

Suggestedwordsandexpressions:

upset　ignore　concern　loose　cheat　reason　share　nature　thunder　entirely　gothrough　hideaway　calmdown　setdown　growcrazyabout　onpurpose　facetoface　accordingto

3.Translatesomesentencesusingthepatternswehavelearned.

Suggestedsentences:

1）为了上课不迟到，他七点钟就出发了。

（inorderto）

2）小明昨天没来上学确实是因为生病了。

（Itis...that...）

3）这小房间里太闹。

（fartoomuch）

4）那是我第一次到北京。

（Itis/wasthefirst/secondtime/that...）

Suggestedanswers:

1）Inordernottobelateforclass,hesetoffatseveno’clock./Hesetoffatseveno’clockinordernottobelateforclass.

2）ItisbecausehewasillthatXiaomingdidn’tcometoschool.

3）Thereisfartoomuchnoiseinthesmallroom.

4）ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeentoBeijing.

→Step2Lead-in

Telltheclass:

Inthelastlesson,welearnedAnneFrank’sstory.Sheistellingherstoriestotwoofherfriends—youandMary.Maryhassomethingwrongwithherears,soyouhavetorepeatAnne’ssentences,usingIndirectspeech.SometimesyouexplainMary’ssentencestoAnne.

“Ihavetostayinthehidingplace.”saidAnne.

→Annesaidshehadtostayinthehidingplace.

“Doyoufeelsadwhenyouarenotabletogooutdoors?

”MaryaskedAnne.

→MaryaskedAnneif/whethershefeltsadwhenshewasnotabletogooutdoors.

“Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary,”saidAnne.

→Annesaidthatshedidn’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiary.

“Whatdoyoucallyourdiary?

”Maryasked.

→Maryaskedwhatshecalledherdiary.

...

Getthestudentstogoonthistopicbythemselves.

→Step3Grammar

1.Telltheclass:

Nowlet’slookatthesesentencesagain.IfwewanttochangeDirectSpeechintoIndirectSpeech,whatshouldbechanged?

2.Getthestudentsdiscussbythemselves.

Perhapsmoststudentscanfindsentencestructures,tenses,pronouns,adverbialsoftimeandplaceandverbsshouldbechanged.

3.Showthestudentstheformonthescreen.Thesearetherules.

当我们引用别人的话时，如果我们引用别人的原话，被引用的部分就叫直接引语，一般用“”引起来。

如果我们用自己的话把意思转述出来，被转述的部分称为间接引语，间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。

直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：

人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。

1）直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导。

Marysaid,“Iamveryhappytohelpyou.”

→Marysaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.

2）直接引语是一般疑问句或选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导。

Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?

”

→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingbasketball.

注意：

大多数情况下，if和whether都可以用，但后面和ornot连用时或在动词不定式前或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。

SheaskedmewhetherIcoulddoitornot.

3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由原句的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。

Mysisteraskedme,“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?

→MysisteraskedmewhatIthoughtofthefilm.

4）注意事项

（1）间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。

HeaskedLucy,“Wherehaveyoubeen?

→HeaskedLucywhereshehadbeen.

Marysaid,“Whatdoyouwant,Ann?

→MaryaskedAnnwhatshewanted.

（2）直接引语是客观事实、真理、规律等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。

Theteachertoldhisstudents,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”

→Theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearthgoesroundthesun.

（3）直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。

Hesaid,“Ihaven’tseenmydaughtertoday.”

→Hesaidthathehadn’tseenhisdaughterthatday.

如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就没必要改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。

时态变化规律表

直接引语

间接引语

一般现在时

一般过去时

现在进行时

过去进行时

一般将来时

过去将来时

过去完成时

现在完成时

现在完成进行时

过去完成进行时

一些常用词变化规律表

指示代词

this

that

these

those

时间状语

now

then

today

thatday

tomorrow

thenext（following）day

nextweek/month/...

thenext（following）week/month...

yesterday

thedaybefore

lastweek/month/...

theweek/month/...before

threedays/months/...ago

threedays/month/...

thisweek/month/...

thatweek/month...

地点

here

there

动词

come

go

Option:

如果学生基础较好，语法部分也可用英语讲解。

1.DirectSpeech

Indirectspeech,theoriginalspeaker’sexactwordsaregivenandareindicatedbyquotationmarks.

“Idon’tknowwhattodo,”saidTom.

Insomegrammarbooks,“saidTom”isreferredtoasareportingclause.“Idon’tknowwhattodo,”isreferredtoasthereportedclause.

2.IndirectSpeech

Inindirectspeech,theexactmeaningofthespeaker’swordsisgiven,buttheexactwordsarenotdirectlyquoted.

Tomsaidthathedidn’tknowwhattodo.

Toconvertdirectspeechintoindirectspeech:

Ifthemainverbispasttense,presenttenseverbsin“thatclause”mustalsobechangedtopasttense.

Firstandsecondpersonpronounsmustbechangedtothirdpersonpronouns.

（Theword“that”canoftenbeleftout:

Tomsaidhedidn’tknowwhattodo.）

3.IndirectQuestions

Thesamerulesapplytoindirectquestionsastoindirectstatements.Thedifferenceisthatawh-clauseisusedinsteadofathatclause.

Directquestion:

“DidDick’shorsewinaprize?

”Owenasked.

Indirectquestions:

Owenaskedwhether/ifDick’shorsehadwonaprize.

“Whywon’tyoumarryme?

”askedDonald.

Indirectquestion:

Donaldaskedherwhyshewouldn’tmarryhim.

﹡Intellingastoryorrecountingevents,aspeakerusingdirectspeechhasalltheresourcesofintonationtoproducealivelyaccount.Becauseindirectspeechisalwaysreportedbysomeoneelse,theaccountismorereservedandrestrained.

“Whatshallwedo?

”askedMary.

“Don’tworry,Mary,”saidDick,“I’vegotaplan.”

MaryaskedDickwhattheyshoulddo.Hetoldhernottoworryandthathehadgotaplan.

﹡Theabilitytochangedirectspeechintoindirectspeechisausefulskillforthoseengagedintakingtheminutesofameetingorreportingonevents.

Directspeech:

“Firstofall,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedwiththefair.Theresultswereverygood,andwewillnowbeabletobuytwomorecomputers.”

Indirectspeech:

Theprincipalsaidthathewouldliketothankeverybodywhohadhelpedwiththefair.Heannouncedthattheresultswereverygoodandthattheschoolwouldnowbeabletobuytwomorecomputers.

→Step4Practice（Discoveringusefulstructures）

GetthestudentstoturntoPage5.Pleasechangethefollowingdirectspeechintoindirectspeechandindirectintodirect.

1.“I’mgoingtohidefromtheGerman