浙江省宁波市十校届高三份适应性考试英语精校Word版含答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分:
阅读理解(百强校英语解析团队专供)(共两节,满分35分)
(共10小题;
每小题2.5分,满分25分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Admititornot,weallbelieveincertainstereotypes.Forexample,whenweimagineaGermanperson,usuallyablondemaninlederhosen(皮短裤)comestomind,withabeerinonehandandaplateofsausagesintheother.
Stereotypesoftendefinethewayweseeoneanother.Regardlessofyourrace,sexornationality,there’sastereotypethatcanbeusedtoidentifyyou.Sometimesthosestereotypescanbeaccurate,butinmanycases,stereotypesdon’treflectreality.
It’snotthatstereotypesareallbad–theyoftenshowwhat’suniqueaboutacertainculture.
There’snothingwrongwith,say,thinkingofartistsandgondolas(刚朵拉)whenyouthinkofitaly.Andit’shardtoimagineArgentinawithouttangodancingorCanadawithoutwoodcutters.Butproblemscomewhenthosestereotypesloweryourexpectationsandaffectthewayyoutreatotherpeople.
Let’slookatIrishstereotypes,forexample.Inthe19thcentury,Irelandsufferedafamine,andIrishpeopleleftforothercountriesaroundtheworld.ButwhentheyarrivedincountriesliketheUS,theywerestereotypedasdrunkards(酒鬼)andpot-lickers(大胃王),sincetheyweresaidtoeateverytinginsight.Thisledtoaviolentanti-Irishattitude.
Eventhestereotypesthatseeminnocentmayhavedeeproots.TakethestereotypicalFrenchman:
He’sromantic,maybealittlegirly,anddefinitelymoreofaloverthanafighter.Thatmyth,inpart,comesfromcenturies-oldcompetitionbetweenFranceandBritain.ThetwocountrieshadbeenwarringsinceMiddleAges.TheBritishsaidtheFrenchwerefeminine(阴柔的),whilesayingthattheythemselveshada“stiff(僵硬的)upperlip”.
Later,whenGermanyinvadedFranceduringWorldWarII,theFrenchwerecalledcowards(懦夫)forsurrendering(投降).TheUK,meanwhile,“keptcalmandcarriedon”.Thosestereotypeshavecarriedontothisday.
Stereotypesmaybeapartofhowweallthink,butit’simportantnottoletthemstopusfromunderstandingthecomplicatedworldaroundus.
21.It’seasyforpeopletoassociateCanadawith________accordingtothearticle.
A.lederhosenandsausagesB.artistandgondolas
C.tangodancingD.woodcutters
22.WiththeexampleofIrishstereotypes,theauthorintendstoshow________.
A.howsillysomestereotypesare
B.thatstereotypesareusuallynegative
C.howstereotypesaffectourattitudestowardotherpeople
D.thatstereotypesareusuallylinkedwithacertainculture
23.WhatarethestereotypesofFranceofBritainaccordingtothearticle?
A.Britishpeoplelackasenseofhumor.
B.Frenchpeoplehaveadrinkingproblem.
C.Frenchpeopledon’thavemuchcourage.
D.BritishandFrenchpeopleusedtobeenemies.
24.Whatistheauthor’s’attitudetowardstereotypesaccordingtothearticle?
A.Weshouldn’tcompletelybelievestereotypes.
B.Itisdifficulttodecidewhichstereotypesaretrue.
C.Stereotypespreventusfromunderstandingtheworld.
D.Stereotypesusuallyhavedeeprootsandcanbereliedon.
B
It’ssaidthatyoushouldbetheonetotakeactionfirstifyouwanttogetsomewhere.Ifyoujustletotherpeopledecidewhatisgoingtohappenforyou,thenallyourgoalsanddreamsmayneverbeachieved.
Everyonealwayssaysthatstudyingabroadincollegecanchangeyourlife.Imadethedecisiontoexperienceitformyselfduringmyjunioryear.IchosentostudyintheDominicanRepublic.Asitgotclosertothedeadline,anadvisortoldmeIhadreceivedascholarshipfromanalumni(校友)familyfoundation(基金).
DuringmyfirstsemesterinthecountryIfellinlove.Iwasbecomingbilingual(双语的)butalsolearningsomuchaboutanewculture.Ihadbegunworkingwithalocalgrassroots(草根)organization,takingpartinaprojectsupportinganunderdevelopedcommunityjustoutsidethecity.Mymainrolewastobecomeawareoftheissuesfacingpopulationssuchastheseandsupportcommunityeducation.Iwasinnowayreadytoleavethisnewlife.IfeltasifIneededmoretimetogetwhatIwanted.
Asthenextsemesterbegan,IrealizedagainthatIneededtotakeachance.Igotinvolvedwithalocalboardingschoolforgirlslivinginpoverty.Ifirstapproachedtheheadoftheschooltovolunteertoteachmusicclasses,askingformoneyfrommycollegechurch.Icouldhaveneverpredictedtheresultsofthissmallaction.AnothervolunteerandIwereabletoputtogetherabenefit(义演)toshowoffwhatthestudentshadlearned.Weinvitedcommunitymembers,friendsandotherstudentsfromlocaluniversitiestosupportthegirls.Wealsosoldartworksthatthestudentsthemselveshadcreatedtoincreasethefundingoftheartsprogram.IfeltgoodwhenIleft,knowingthatIhadlaidthefoundationforgoodcauseandbetteredthelivesofyounggirls.
Therewillalwaysbepeoplethatthinktheyknowwhatisbestforyou,butyouultimatelyknowwhatyouwantinlife.MytimeintheDominicanRepublicchangedmylifebygivingmetherealizationofhowfortunateIamandthefactthatthereisalwaysachancetogiveback.Youhavetogoafteranythingandeverythingyoudesireortheremaybeamissedopportunity.MytriptoSantoDomingotaughtmetotakeadvantageofnewpossibilities.
25.InherfirstsemesterintheDominicanRepublic,theauthor________.
A.couldn’tfitinwellwiththeschoolorlifethere
B.wasunsureifsheshouldstayforanothersemester
C.startedaprojectinanunderdevelopedcommunity
D.becameabsorbedinanewcultureandanewlanguage
26.FromParagraph4,wecanlearnthat________.
A.theauthororganizedaneventtoraisemoneyallbyherself
B.theauthorsetupafoundationwiththefundingofhercollegechurch
C.theauthorwasappointedasamusicteacherinagirls’boardingschool
D.theresultsoftheauthor’svoluntaryworkwerebeyondherexpectations
27.Thearticlemainlytellsus________.
A.howtheauthorhelpedpoorgirlsinalocalboardingschool
B.thatstudyingabroadgavetheauthorlife-changingopportunities
C.thattheauthorchosetostudyabroadtofollowotherpeople’sexamples
D.howtheauthorlearnedabouttheissuesfacingpeopleintheDominicanRepublic
C
InMarch,2016,theprideofhumankindwascrushedbyacomputer.Google’sAlphaGodefeatedtheSouthKoreanGomasterLeeSedolfourgamestoone,astheworldlookedonwithshockandawe.Artificialintelligencehadsuddenlyreachedanewandunexpectedheight.
ButassmartasAlphaGois,it’snolongerthebestGo“player”intheworld.Google’sartificialintelligencegroup,DeepMind,hascreatedthenextgenerationofitsGo-playingprogram,calledAlphaGoZero.ThenewAIprogramisuniqueinthewayitlearnedtoplayGo.Insteadoflearningfromthousandsofhumanmatches,asitspredecessor(前任)did,AlphaGoZeromasteredGoinjusttwodayswithoutanyhumanknowledgeofthegameanddefeatedAlphaGobydaythree,reportedTheGuardian.ItthenwentontodefeatAlphaGo100gamestozero.
TolearnhowtoplayGo,AlphaGoZeroplayedmillionsofmatchesagainstitselfusingonlythebasecrulesofthegametorapidlycreateitsownknowledgeofit.Likethepreviousversion,itused“reinforcement(增强)learningtobecomeitsownteacher,”accordingtoDeepMind’swebsite.
“It’smorepowerfulthanpreviousapproaches,”DavidSilver,AlphaGo’sleadresearcher,toldTheGuardian,“becausebynotusinghumandata,orhumanexpertiseinanyfashion,we’veremovedtheconstraintsofhumanknowledgeanditisabletocreateknowledgeitself.”
AlphaGoZero’sapproachtoself-learningisasignificantadvancementinAIthatcouldbeappliedtohelpsolvesomeoftheworld’sbiggestproblems,accordingtoarecentresearchreportpublishedinthejournalNature.Forexample,DeepMindco-founderDemisHassabisarguesthatAlphaGoZerocouldprobablyfindcuresforanumberofseriousdiseaseswithinweeks,accordingtoTheTelegraph.Indeed,theAIisnowbeingusedtostudyproteinfolding,whichisconnectedtodiseasessuchasParkinson’sandAlzheimer’s.
SonowthatAIhasgonebeyondtheboundsofhumanknowledge,perhapsthequestionisnotaboutwhatAIcanlearnfromhumans,butwhathumanscanlearnfromAI.Wecanonlywaitandsee.
28.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraph?
A.AlphaGodefeatedLeeSedolfivegamestozero.
B.AlphaGoZerodefeatedAlphaGowithinoneday.
C.AlphaGoZerohasbecomethenewbestGoplayer.
D.AlphaGoZeroisthefirstprogramtodefeatahumanatGo.
29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“constraints”inthefourthparagraphprobablymean?
A.advantagesB.disadvantagesC.restrictionsD.regulations
30.What’sthepossibleapplicationofAIinthefutureaccordingtothearticle?
A.Treatingdiseases.B.MakingnewGorules.
C.Solvingmathproblems.D.Creatingnewproteins.
第二节:
每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whenyougotothecinemaandseeafilm,youprobablymightnotthinkaboutscience.Ofcourse,there’salotofsciencebehindmovieslikeInterstellar(星际穿越)orTheMartianbutnotmovieslikeFrozenorTheAvengers,right?
31
Animated(动画的)moviesusealotofscienceandmathtomakethingslookasrealaspossible.Forexample,snowwasusedinmanypartsofthemovieFrozen,butmakingthesnowlookrealwasachallenge.Thesnowneededtoactdifferentlyindifferentsituations,asifitweremeltingorblowinginthewind.
32JoshuaTheran,amathematicianattheUniversityofCalifornia,US,facedth