研究生英语听力第二册第5章Word文件下载.docx

研究生英语听力第二册第5章Word文件下载.docx

《研究生英语听力第二册第5章Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《研究生英语听力第二册第5章Word文件下载.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

Here’swhatthecandidateshadtosayonsomeoftheissues.Thefirstpointthatwashotlydebatedwasinresponsetoaquestionregardingthecurrenthomelessnessprobleminourcity.BellaPorter,whohasbeenactiveincitypoliticsforoveradecadeandiscurrentlyservingaspresidentofthecitycouncil,answeredthequestionfirst.

B.Porter:

IfeelthatMr.Shmankie’ssolutiontothehomelessproblemistosweepitundertherug.Mr.Shmankiebelievesthatputtingthehomelessinjailwillsolvetheproblem.Ifwedon’t’seehomelesspeoplesleepingonourstreets,theproblemsdoesn’texist,right?

Wrong!

Mr.Shmankieappearstobemoreconcernedwiththecomfortoftouristsandvisitorstoourcitythanwithactuallyhelpingsomeofourpoorestandneediestcitizens.Anightinjailwillnothelpahomelesspersongethisorherlifebacktogether.Weneedtoproviderealjobtrainingforthesepeopleinadditiontoaffordablehousingandmedicalservices.

DanShmankie,alocalbusinessmanforovertwentyyears,thengavehisresponsetothehomelessquestion.

D.Shmankie:

Asusual,CouncilwomanPorter’ssolutiontoanyproblemistothrowmoneyatit.Thepeopleweseeonthestreetsareforthemostpartlazydrunksordrugaddictswhodon’twanttogetajobandcontributetosociety.Wehearstorieseverydayfromgoodhard-workingcitizenswhoareconstantlyharassedbypanhandlerswhocomeuptothemanddemandsparechange.Peoplehavebeenattackedinfrontofstoresandwaitingintheircarsatstoplights.Storeownersarelosingbusinessbecausedirty,scary-lookingpeoplearesittingwiththeirshoppingcartsandsleepingbagsinfrontoftheirstores.Weneedtofeelsafeonourstreetsagain.Thesepeopledon’tneedprograms.Theyneedakickinthepants!

Thetwocandidatesalsohadverydifferentopinionsconcerningeducation.

Shmankie:

Onceagain.Ms.Porterseemstobelievethatmoneywillfixallproblems.Ourschoolsdonotneedmoremoney.Theyneedteacherswhocangetthejobdone.InthelastfiveyearswehaveseenstudenttestscoresplummetandIblametheteachers.

Nowhearmeout.Someofmybestfriendsareteachers.Icertainlyknowofmanyhard-workinganddedicatedteacherswhodeserveourrespect.Butweneedtothinkabouteducationmorelikeabusiness.Ifyouarethepresidentofacompanythatbuildscarsandhalfofthesecarshaveseriousproblems,wouldyougiveyourworkershighersalariesandbetterbenefits?

Ofcoursenot.Whatweneedtodoistomakesurethatourteachersreceiveraisesifandonlyiftheirstudentsgethighertestscores.Andforthoseteacherswhofailtogetresults,weneedtoreplacethemwithteacherswhocangetthejobdone.

Porter:

Here’sanewsflashforyouMr.Shmankie.Educationisnotabusiness.Wearenotcrankingoutcarsonanassemblyline;

fiveperhour,oneblue,onered,onegreen—eachoneexactlythesameasthelast.Educationisacompletelydifferentprocess.WEarepreparingouryoungpeopletobecomeproductivecitizenscapableofmakingintelligentchoicesinlife.Eachstudentweservehasdifferentneeds.Ourteachersaredoingthebesttheycanwithovercrowdedclassrooms,limitedresources,andlittlecommunitysupport.Doyourealizethatmostteacherscannotaffordtoliveinthiscitybecausetheirsalariesaresolow?

Ihearstorieseverydayaboutteacherswhospendtheirownmoneyonsuppliessuchaschalkandpaperbecausetheschooldistrictdoesnothavethefundstosupplythesebasicneeds.Ourbiggestproblemisthatwelosemanyofourfinestteacherseachyearbecauseofthepoorworkingconditionsandlowsalaries.Mr.Shmankie,wedon’t’needtofiremoreteachers.Weneedtoraisesalariessothatwecanfindthebestandbrightestpeople.

Thenexttopiccoveredwastheissueofaffordablehousing.

Skmankie:

LasttimeIcheckedwewerelivinginafreecountry.Inafreecountry,buyersandsellershavechoices.Ifabuyerdoesnotagreewiththeprice,heorshecangotoadifferentstore.Evenifthepriceisridiculouslyhigh,thegovernmentdoesnotstepinanddemandthatthesellerlowerhisorherprice.Why,then,dopeoplesuchasMr.Porterinsistthatcitygovernmenttrytocontrolhowmuchlandlordschargeforrents?

Rentcontrolisdownrightun-American!

Mr.Shmankie,withallduerespect,haveyoulostyourmind?

AreyousayingthatanyonewhoadvocatesrentcontrolorsupportsotherlawsthatprotectpeopleisabadAmerican?

Givemeabreak!

Areyouawarethatinthelastthreeyears56percentofthepoorandelderlyinthiscityhavebeenforcedtoleavetheirapartmentsbecausetheycouldn’taffordtokeepupwithskyrocketingrentincreases?

Inmanycases,thishascontributedtotheveryserioushomelessproblemwejustdiscussed.Weneedrentcontrolinthistowntoprotecteverybody’srighttoaffordablehousing.What’sun-Americanaboutthat,Mr.Shmankie?

Youhavebeenlisteningtohighlightsoflastnight’smayoraldebate.Besuretotuneinnextweekatthissametimewhenthecandidateswilldiscussotherimportantissues.Thankyouandgoodnight.

Exercise4VocabularyinContext

NARRATOR:

1.SENTENCE

Thedebatelastedmorethananhourandwasattimesratherloudandcontentious.

CONTEXT

Thedebatelastedmorethananhourandwasattimesratherloudandcontentious.Thecrowdinterruptedthespeakersseveraltimesshowingtheirstrongdisagreement.

SENTENCE

2.SENTENCE

IfeelthatMr.Shmankie’ssolutiontothehomelessproblemistosweepitundertherug.

IfeelthatMr.Shmankie’ssolutiontothehomelessproblemistosweepitundertherug.Mr.Shmankiebelievesthatputtingthehomelessinjailwillsolvetheproblem.

3.SENTENCE

Wehearstorieseverydayfromgoodhard-workingcitizenswhoareconstantlyharassed.

Wehearstorieseverydayfromgoodhard-workingcitizenswhoareconstantlyharassedbypanhandlerswhocomeuptothemanddemandsparechange.

4.SENTENCE

InthelastfiveyearswehaveseenstudenttestscoresplummetandIblametheteachers.

Ourschoolsdonotneedmoremoney.Theyneedteacherswhocangetthejobdone.InthelastfiveyearswehaveseenstudenttestscoresplummetandIblametheteachers.

5.SENTENCE

Wearenotcrankingourcarsonanassemblyline.

Educationisnotabusiness.Wearenotcrankingourcarsonanassemblyline;

fiveperhour,oneblue,onered,onegreen—eachoneexactlythesameasthelast.

6.SENTENCE

Ourteachersaredoingthebesttheycanwithlimitedresources.

Ourteachersaredoingthebesttheycanwithlimitedresources.Ihearstorieseverydayaboutteacherswhospendtheirownmoneyonsuppliessuchaschalkandpaperbecausetheschooldistrictdoesnothavethefundstosupplythesebasicneeds.

7.SENTENCE

Weneedrentcontrolinthistowntoprotecteverybody’srighttoaffordablehousing.

8.SENTENCE

Theycouldn’taffordtokeepupwithskyrocketingrentincreases.

Areyouawarethatinthelastthreeyears56%ofthepoorandelderlyinthiscityhavebeenforcedtoleavetheirapartmentsbecausetheycouldn’taffordtokeepupwithskyrocketingrentincreases?

PARTTHREEEXPANSION

Section1TheUnitedStatesGovernment

Exercise2

TheUnitedStatesConstitutioncreatedthreemainbranchesoffederalgovernment:

theexecutive,thelegislative,andthejudicial.Eachbranchhasspecificpowersthattheotherbranchesdonothave.Eachbranchofgovernmentalsohasawaytochecktheothertwobranchestomakesurethatallthelawsandgovernmentactionsarelegal.Thisdivisionofpoweriscalledchecksandbalances.Becauseofthissystemofchecksandbalances,theUnitedStatescannotberuledbyonepersonorgroupofpeople.Inotherwords,thepowermustbeshared.

Thefirstbranchofgovernment,theexecutivebranch,isrepresentedbytheofficeofthepresidentoftheUnitedStates.Theexecutivebranchhasthepowertoenforcethelawsofthecountry.Asleader