高考英语复习题课时19 阅读理解文体技法2Word格式文档下载.docx

高考英语复习题课时19 阅读理解文体技法2Word格式文档下载.docx

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（2015·

浙江卷，C）Ifhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars，wewouldgoindarknesshappily，themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal（夜间活动的）speciesonthisplanet.Instead，wearediurnalcreatures，witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun'

slight.Thisisabasicevolutionaryfact，eventhoughmostofusdon'

tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit'

stheonlywaytoexplainwhatwe'

vedonetothenight：

We'

veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.

Thebenefitsofthiskindofengineeringcomewithconsequences—calledlightpollution—whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign，whichallowsartificiallighttoshineoutwardandupwardintothesky.Ill－designedlightingwashesoutthedarknessofnightandcompletelychangesthelightlevels—andlightrhythms—towhichmanyformsoflife，includingourselves，haveadapted.Whereverhumanlightspillsintothenaturalworld，someaspectoflifeisaffected.

Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars，leavingbehindavacanthaze（霾）thatmirrorsourfearofthedark.We'

vegrownsousedtothisorangehazethattheoriginalgloryofanunlitnight—darkenoughfortheplanetVenustothrowshadowsonEarth—iswhollybeyondourexperience，beyondmemoryalmost.

velitupthenightasifitwereanunoccupiedcountry，whennothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Amongmammalsalone，thenumberofnocturnalspeciesisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce，andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnet（磁铁）．Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing“captured”bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoilplatforms.Migratingatnight，birdstendtocollidewithbrightlylittallbuildings.

Frogslivingnearbrightlylithighwayssuffernocturnallightlevelsthatareasmuchasamilliontimesbrighterthannormal，throwingnearlyeveryaspectoftheirbehavioroutofjoint，includingtheirnighttimebreedingchoruses.Humansarenolesstrappedbylightpollutionthanthefrogs.Likemostothercreatures，wedoneeddarkness.Darknessisasessentialtoourbiologicalwelfare，toourinternalclockwork，aslightitself.

Livinginaglareofourownmaking，wehavecutourselvesofffromourevolutionaryandculturalheritage—thelightofthestarsandtherhythmsofdayandnight.Inaveryrealsense，lightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse，toforgetthescaleofourbeingwhichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay—theedgeofourgalaxy—archingoverhead.

1．Accordingtothepassage，humanbeings．

A．prefertoliveinthedarkness

B．areusedtolivinginthedaylight

C．werecuriousaboutthemidnightworld

D．hadtostayathomewiththelightofthemoon

2．Whatdoes“it”（Paragraph1）mostprobablyreferto?

A．Thenight.B．Themoon.

C．Thesky.D．Theplanet.

3．Thewritermentionsbirdsandfrogsto．

A．provideexamplesofanimalprotection

B．showhowlightpollutionaffectsanimals

C．comparethelivinghabitsofbothspecies

D．explainwhythenumberofcertainspecieshasdeclined

4．Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat．

A．lightpollutiondoesharmtotheeyesightofanimals

B．lightpollutionhasdestroyedsomeoftheworldheritages

C．humanbeingscannotgototheouterspace

D．humanbeingsshouldreflectontheirpositionintheuniverse

5．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．TheMagicLight.

B．TheOrangeHaze.

C．TheDisappearingNight.

D．TheRhythmsofNature.

Ⅱ.能力提升练

A

淮阴四校高三仿真模拟）PresidentXiJinpinghassaidthatrealizingthegreatrenewalofthenationisalong－cherisheddreamofChineseinmoderntimes.Now，anewbook，TheChineseDream，launchedbyNewWorldPress，willexplainthedreamindetail.

Thebook，publishedinChinesewithanEnglisheditioncomingsoon，aimstoexplorewhattheChineseDreammeansforChinaandtherestoftheworld.

Thebookoffersvividanddynamicfirst－personaccountsasexplanationsofthemeaningoftheChineseDream.

InspiringpeopledescribedinthebookincludesuccessfulbusinessfiguressuchasParkKeuntae，presidentandCEOofSouthKorea－basedCJGroup'

soperationsinChina，andordinarypeoplesuchasDominicJohnson－Hill，ayoungmanfromLondonknownas“LaoJiang”whorunsasmallshopinBeijing'

sNanluoguHutong.

“HavinglivedinChinafor29years，I'

vewitnessedthegreatachievementsofChina'

sreformandopening－up.I'

vebenefitedalotfromit，”saidParkatthebooklaunch.

CJGroupemploys12，000peopleinChina，withasalesvolumeofDS|3.27billion.“MyChineseDreamistomakethenumberofCJ'

sChineseemployeesover100，000andthetotalsalesvolumeoverthatoftheKoreanheadquarters，”Parksaid.

TonyLund，Asia－PacificandAsiaBranchdirectorforCambridgeUniversityPress，saidatthebooklaunchthatthebookisapreciousandtimelyresourceforreaderswhowishtogainadeeperunderstandingofmodernChinesesocietyandpeoplewhoaregoingtoprepareforanewperiodofglobalcooperation.“TheChineseDreamissubtlydifferentfromtheAmericanDream.Inbothcases，thedreamisaboutthestrongdesireofprosperity（繁荣）fortheircitizens，buttheChineseDreamalsosuggestsavisionforChina'

splaceinanincreasinglyinternationalizedworld，”Lundsaid.“TheChineseDreamdescribescountlesspossibilitiesforsharedgrowthandsharedprosperity，onbothnationalandinternationallevels.”

1．Theunderlinedword“launched”inParagraph1probablymeans．

A．cameoutB．sentup

C．lookedthroughD．madeup

2．WhatcanweknowaboutParkaccordingtothetext?

A．Heissuccessfulinbusiness.

B．HeownsasmallshopinBeijing.

C．HeisadirectorforCambridgeUniversityPress.

D．HehaslivedinChinaformorethan30years.

3．Theauthorlistedexamplesinordertoexplain．

A．specificcontentsoftheChineseDream

B．theopinionsofdifferentpeopleontheChineseDream

C．foreigners'

benefitsfromtheChineseDream

D．theChineseDreambetterwithspecificfacts

4．WhatdoestheChineseDreamdifferfromtheAmericanDream?

A．TheChineseDreamistocreatemorebenefitsfortheChinesepeople.

B．TheChineseDreamistobetterunderstandthemodernsociety.

C．TheChineseDreamistosharetheprosperitywiththeworld.

D．TheChineseDreamistomakeabetterlifefortheChinesepeople.

B

OnNewYear'

sDay，peopleallovertheworldmarkedthepassingof2012withcandiesandfireworks.ButJanuary1，2013，wasalsocelebratedforbeingthe150thanniversaryoftheEmancipationProclamation（《解放宣言》）．Thisorder，issuedbyPresidentAbrahamLincoln，settheUnitedStatesonapathtowardendingslavery.

LincolnsignedtheexecutiveorderonJanuary1，1863，whenAmericabrokeupintotwopartsovertheissueaboutwhetherornottoendslavery.AtthetimeofLincoln'

sorder，thetwosides，calledtheUnionandtheConfederacy，werelockedintheviolentstruggleoftheCivilWar.Acivilwaroccuredwhengroupsfromthesamecountryfightedeachother.America'

sCivilWarwasthedeadliestconflictthatthecountryhadeverfaced.

TheEmancipationProclamationformallydeclaredallslavesintheConfederacy“foreverfree”．Atthetime，LincolnhadverylittlepowertoexecutetheorderintheConfederatestates.Those11SouthernstateshadalreadysecededfromtheUnion.Thedocument'

srealpowerwasunworkable，asitchangedthenation'

sofficialstandonslavery.

AftertheUnionwonthewarin1865，thestateswerereunited，andtheCongresspassedthe13thAmendment（修正案）totheConstitution.Theamendmentwasthenapprovedbythestates.Itfullyendedslaverythroughoutthecountry.

TheU．S.PostalServicecelebratedtheanniversarybycreatingaspecialstampthatquotedtheProclamation.“StampsoftenmakeuseofourcultureandhelpusremembertheeventsandpeoplewhohavehadanimpactonAmericanhistory，”saidDeputyPostmasterGeneralRonaldA．Stroman，fromtheU．S.PostalService.

Thisweek，communitiesacrossthenationhonoredtheEmancipationProclamationwithspecialservicesinchurchesandhistoricalfilms.PriestClementaPinckneyledachurchservice，knownasWatchNight，tocelebratetheanniversaryatachurchinCharleston，SouthCarolina.ManyAfrican－Americanchurchesaroundthecountryheldsimilarservices.“It'

snotjustanAfrican－Americancelebration;

it'

sanAmericancelebration，”Pinckneytoldthecrowd.“It'

sfreedomwhichcomesfullcircle.”

5．WhywasAmericadividedintotwopartsin1863?

A．ItwascausedbyAmerica'

sCivilWar.

B．Thereweredisagreementsovertheslavery.

C．AbrahamLincolnwaselectedasPresident.

D．TheUnionmeanttobreakawayfromAmerica.

6．Accordingtothepassage，theConfederacy．

A．wasforLincoln'

sorder

B．hadahistoryof150years

C．wantedtochangeslavery

D．hatedPresidentLincoln

7．WhendidslaveryendinAmerica?

A．In1861.B．In1863.

C．In1865.D．In1870.

8．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A．TherearemanycelebrationsheldbyAmericans.

B．AlltheAmericansheldthesameservicestocelebratetheanniversary.

C．Westilldon'

tenjoyfreedomnowadays.

D．Freedomneedsfurtherdevelopmentinthefuture.

C

Handsdown，ChinesecompanyLaoGanMamakesthemostsophisticated，toothsomehotsaucewe'

veevertasted.Seriously，don'

tbefooledbythegrumpy－lookingladyonthejar!

Thedeeplycaramelizedchilies，garlic，onions，soybeans