高考英语书面表达阶梯训练学案及答案文档格式.docx
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Thewayheviewstheworldisverypractical.(用view而不用lookat)
Thenoisenearlydrovememad.(用drive而不用make)
3.避免重复使用同一单词或短语。
Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherenjoys(不用likes)watchingTV.
下面请同学们尝试使用高级词汇来改写句下列句子:
1.Isuddenlyhadagoodidea.
→Agoodidea____________me.
→Agoodidea______me.
2.Thegovernmentgivesequalopportunitiestoall.
→Thegovernment_____equalopportunitiestoall.
3.Byreadingbookswecangetallkindsofknowledge.
→Byreadingbookswecan______avarietyofknowledge.
4.Asaresult,theplanwasafailure.
→Theplan___________________beafailure.
5.ShewenttoAustriatostudymusic.
→ShewenttoAustria_______________________studyingmusic.
→ShewenttoAustria__________________studymusic.
6.Becausetheweatherwasgood,ourjourneywascomfortable.
→____________thegoodweather,ourjourneywascomfortable.
7.Whenheheardshehaddied,hewentpalewithsorrow.
→________________________herdeath,hewentpalewithsorrow.
8.Shecan’tcorrectlypronouncetheword.
→She____________pronouncingthewordcorrectly.
9.Shedoesn’tlikesports.
→She__________________sports.
10.Peopledoalotofthingstohelpthem,forexample,givemoneyorfoodtothem.
→Peopledo________________(尽其所能)tohelpthem,forexample,______moneyorfoodtothem.
11.Peoplepaymuchattentiontoeducationtoday.
→People__________________educationtoday.
英语书面表达阶梯训练及能力提升
(二)
第二节巧妙使用过渡词使文章顺畅
过渡词犹如“桥梁”,它可使句子、段落之间的衔接通顺自然,恰当地使用过渡词可避免结构松散,层次不明,表意不清等弊端,使文章条理清楚,文字连贯流畅。
常用的过渡词有:
表举例:
inreality,suchas,forinstance,take…forexample,asfarasI’mconcerned.
表强调:
especially,infact,asamatteroffact,actually,mostimportantly,particularly,themostimportant,undoubtedly.
表转折:
however,ontheotherhand,whereas,nevertheless,onthecontrary,anyhow,anyway
表对比:
incontrast,incomparison,inrelationto,likewise,similarly
表递进:
besides,furthermore,inaddition,also,worsestill,moreover,letalone.
表因果:
asaresult,consequently,therefore,thus,hense,so,thanksto,dueto,since,beause(of)
表顺序:
first…next…andthen…finally,first…then…afterthat…finally
表推理:
otherwise,ifnot,inthatcase
表让步:
though,atlhough,inspiteof,despite,nowthat,considering
表目的:
forthispurpose,inorder(to)that,sothat
表解释:
inotherwords,thatis,namely
表总结:
inall,inshort,inbrief,inconlusion,tosumup,insummary,finally等
【练习一】
下面是一篇题为“Hastmakeswaste(欲速则不达)”的文章,请根据提示填写出恰当的过渡词以确保语篇连贯。
Thereisanoldsaying,"
Hastemakeswaste."
It'
stheexperienceofourforefathers,however,itiscorrectandofgreatimportanceinmanycaseseventoday.
1(表顺序)itteachesusthatweshouldn’tbeoveranxiousforquickresults.2(表转折)wewillfail.3(表递进)ifweemphasizetoomuchuponspeed,wewillsuffersoonerorlater.4(表举例)ifwearetoohastyintests,itisverypossiblethatwemaymakesomemistakesorevenfail.5(表递进)wemayleaveabadimpressiononboththeteacherandclassmatesthatwearecareless.6(再次列举)ifasportsmanishastyinanimportantgame,hemayloseaverypreciousopportunitytowinthechampionship.7(表结果)hewilllosetheconfidencetopickthepiecesup.Hastehasmanysideeffects.Ontheonehand,hastemayresultinwrongdecisionormoremistakes.8(表列举)hastemeanafailureoranaccidentinsomeimportantoccasion.
9(表总结)whateverwedo,dopayattentiontothebalanceofthespeedandquality.
【练习二】
1(一般说来),ifyouactfaster,youcanreachyourgoalsearlier.2(但是),itisn'
talwaysthecase.Ifyouemphasizeonlyonspeedbutignorethequalityofyourwork,youreffectwillbetheopposite.Themorehastyyouare,thesloweryouachievecompletenessandsuccess.
Supposeyouarepreparingforyourfinalexamination.Therearealotofexercisestodoandmanynotestomemorize.3(事实上),youhavenoenoughtime,whichwillmakeyouveryworried.4(于是)youhavetoreadandwritecontinuously,withoutrest,withoutsleep,withoutrelaxation.5(结果),yourbrainislessandlessefficient,yourprocessisslowerandslower,6(更坏地是)thesituationislikelytogofrombadtoworse.Allyoureffortsleadtonothing.
9(总之),whateveryoudo,pleaserememberthesaying-Hastemakeswaste.Andyou'
llbenefitalotfromit.
英语书面表达阶梯训练及能力提升(三)
第三节从简单句起步,把句子写对
从结构上看,英语的句子可以分为简单句、并列句、复合句。
并列句和复合句又都是由简单句组成,可见,简单句是写作中基础的基础。
以下为简单句的五个基本句型:
I.主语+系动词+表语
这是英语中一个最基本的句型。
例如:
Englishisn’tthathard(asyouthink).
1.在这个句型中,连系动词多是be(am,is,are,was,were等),有时用其他系动
词或半系动词。
常见的有:
feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem,become,get,
grow,turn,go,remain,keep,hold,stay,come,fall,lie,prove,sit,stand等。
Hefeelstootiredtoday.
2.在这个句型中,表语可以是形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式、动名词或介词短语等。
Sheremained_____/________/______/____/__________.(美丽/一位老师/站在那里/不为人所知/在家里)
II.主语+不及物动词
在这一句型中,谓语是不及物动词,所以,其后不接宾语。
Shehasn’tarrived.她还没到
Thehorsestopped.马停了下来。
III.主语+及物动词+宾语
在这一句型中,谓语是及物动词,其后接宾语。
宾语可以是名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等。
常用不定式作宾语的动词有attempt,decide,desire,expect,hope,intend,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等。
常用动名词作宾语的动词有admit,advise,avoid,consider,enjoy,excuse,finish,forbid,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,propose,giveup,can'
thelp等。
1.Wevisitedthefactorylastweek.
2.We__________________(决定见)himsometimenextweek.
3.Howcanyou____________(冒险登陆)thesmallisland.
IV.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
在这一句型中,谓语动词(或由动词构成的短语)不仅是及物的,而且还要接两个宾语,即一个指人的间接宾语,一个指物的直接宾语。
通常间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后,有时也可以借助于介词to或for实现二者位置的转换,例如:
1.Shegavemehertelephonenumber.
→Shegave__________________to____.
2.I’llmakeyousomefreshtea.
→I’llmakesomefreshtea______you.
V.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
宾语与宾语补足语构成复合宾语。
这一句型的使用比较复杂,它既是中学教学内容的重点,又是难点,所以,我们把补语的分类予以详细介绍。
1.用形容词作宾补。
能接形容词作宾补的动词有beat,boil,cut,drive,find,get,
hold,keep,leave,make,paint,push,see,set,think,turn等。
Shekeptthedoor______.她让门开着。
2.用名词作宾补。
能接名词作宾补的动词主要有appoint,call,choose,consider,
elect,find,make,name,think等。
They______theirdaughterMary.他们给女儿取名玛丽。
3.用介词短语作宾补。
Shealwayskeepseverything__________________.她总是把一切都收拾得井然有序。
4.用副词作补足语。
Don’tleaveme______.别把我落下。
5.用带to的不定式作宾补。
Permitme__________.请允许我解释一下。
6.用不带to的不定式作宾补。
Whomadeyou______?
谁惹你哭了?
7.用现在分词作宾补。
Iheardher______.我听见她在哭。
8.用过去分词作宾补。
Iheardmyname______.我听到有人叫我的名字。
.
Wewantthework______(完成)byFriday.
英语书面表达阶梯训练及能力提升(四)
第四节从改写句奠基,让句式多变起来
汉语里同一句话,英语中可以用多种方式表达。
“他英语学得好。
”可译为:
Heisgood/expertatEnglish.
HeisathomeinEnglish.
HedoeswellinEnglish.
HeknowsEnglishwell.
Hehasagoodknowledge/commandofEnglish.
同样的句式具有不同的功能。
例如;
Dosth,willyou?
(用以征询意见)
Dosth,won’tyou?
(用以表达邀请)
Dosth,canyou?
(用以表达不满)
Dosth,can’tyou?
(用以表达建议)
由此可见,丰富多变的句式能够有效避免单一、呆板的句式,从而增添语言表达的多样性和灵活性。
是高考高分作文必不可少的条件。
中学阶段,常见的句型改写或转换主要有以下几个类型:
I.不定式短语与从句间的改写。
Nowthequestionishowtoraiseenoughmoney.
→Nowthequestionishowwecanraiseenoughmoney.
Doyouexpecthertostayafterthat?
→Doyouexpectshewillstayafterthat?
II.动名词短语与从句间的改写。
Ourchiefworrywasherlackinginexperience.
→OurchiefworryWasthatshelackedexperience.
Sheinsistedonmystayingabitlonger.
→SheinsistedthatIstayabitlonger.
III.分词短语与从句间的改写。
Hearingthis,theyjumpedwithjoy.
→Whentheyheardthis,theyjumpedwithjoy.
AreyouinfavorofthesuggestionPeterputforward?
→AreyouinfavorofthesuggestionputforwardbyPeter?
IV.其他短语与从句间的改写。
Ourmajorproblemwasourlackofmaterials.
→OurmajorproblemWasthatwelackedmaterials.
Incaseoffire,ringthisbell.
→Incasethereisfire,ringthisbell.
V.同义句式间的改写。
Heworeamasksoasnottoberecognized.
→Heworeamasksothatnoonecouldrecognizehim.
I’llwritetoyouonhearingfromher.
→I’llwritetoyouassoonasIhearfromher.
→I’llwritetoyouthemomentIhearfromher.
掌握以上基本句型转换方法,对于写作大有裨益,因为我们在写作文时,要根据上下文的逻辑关系选择恰当的句式表达,从而达到语句通顺,行文连贯。
现在,请同学们试着改写下列句子:
1.Anewlibraryisbuiltupandourdiningroomwasoncethere.
→Anewlibraryisbuiltup______itwasonceourdiningroom.
2.Iwon’tbelievewhathesays.
→____________whathesays,Iwon’tbelieve.
3.OurAhFuhadsavedmylittlesisterbravely.
→____________ourAhFu______hadsavedmylittlesisterbravely.
4.Thedriverescapedanddidn’tstop;
helefttheoldmanlyingontheroad.
→Thedriverescapedwithoutstopping,______theoldmanlyingontheroad.
5.Iwasconcernedaboutmyfutureandwasworkinghardforthequalitification.
→______aboutmyfuture,Iwasworkinghardforthequalitification.
6.It’sagreathonorthatyou’vecometovisitus.
→Your________________________usisagreathonor.
英语书面表达阶梯训练及能力提升(五)
第五节巧妙利用基本句型扮靓你的句子
高考书面表达已不只局限于把话说清楚,把意思表达完整,而是要给我们的句子润色,让我们的语言靓起来。
如何让我们的英语句子靓起来呢?
我觉得通过对低级句型的改造,可以迅速达到这一目的。
1.强调句:
可以轻松地将时间、地点、原因、方式等类型的状语从句转变为强调句。
例如:
Ididn’trealizetheimportanceofEnglishuntilthen.
→____________then______IrealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.
2.倒装句:
只要句中有介词短语或状语从句,便可将其提前,变成倒装句。
H