硕士英语第六册听力原文B部分Word文档格式.docx

硕士英语第六册听力原文B部分Word文档格式.docx

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Howdidyoufirstgetinterestedincomputers?

Actuallyitwasmagicthatwasmyfirstlove.IwasamemberoftheJuniorMagicClubfromanearlyageandI'

mstillfascinatedbythepowerofillusion.ThenwhenIwas13Igotmyamateurradiolicenceandgotintoelectroniccommunication.FinallyIsawacomputerataradiostationandsweptfloorstheresothatIcoulduseit.

Howdoyoudeemyourexperienceinprison?

Therehavebeenhackersinjailwhowerethreatenedtoworkforcriminals,butfortunatelyIwasn'

toneofthem.Themainproblemwasthemythsthatwereflyingaround.Iwasheldforfourandahalfyearswithoutbail,becausetheauthoritiesbelievedtheirownhypeandwereafraidI'

dstartWorldWarThreefromthenearestphonebox.I'

vebeenaccusedofalotofthings,includinghackingthePentagonandtheNorthAmericanAerospaceDefenseCommand.WhywouldIwanttogothere?

They'

reheavilyguardedandtherewasnointerestingsoftwaretocheckout.I'

vealsobeenaccusedofbeingtheinspirationforthefilm"

WarGames"

butwhenImetthescriptwriterafewyearslaterhesaidhe'

dneverheardofme.

Sonowyou'

vepublishedabookonsocialengineering.Whatisitandwhyisitsoimportant?

Socialengineeringisthesideofhackingthatseldomgetsmentioned.It'

susingpeopletosubverttechnology.Youcanhavethebestcomputerset-upintheworldbut,ifsomeonecanconvinceamemberofthestafftoletthemin,allthatisuseless.Theweakestlinkinanysecuritychainisalwayshuman.Theskillsofsocialengineeringareusedbyhackerstoreplacegenuinetechnicalknowledge.

Surelyitcan'

tbeassimpleasjustaskingforapassword?

Sometimesthat'

sallittakes.Inpracticeitusuallytakesseveralcallsusingdifferentpersonaebeforeyoucangetallthekeysyouneedforaccess.Peopleliketohelpeachotherand,byestablishingrapportandbuildingtrust,thedeterminedindividualcangetwhattheywant.Othertechniquesincludesettingupasituationsothattheperson,ortarget,comestoyouforhelp.

Isiteverpossibletoachievetotalsecurityinbusinesswithoutlosingcustom?

Whilenosystemisevergoingtobetotallysecure,companiesneedtoestablishabalancebetweenmaintainingpropersecurityandgivinggoodcustomerservice.Youcan'

tshutyourselfawayandstayinbusinessbut,withtherighttools,youcangetanacceptablelevelofsecurity.It'

sreallyaprocessofeducation.ThinkabouthowmuchmoneycompaniesspendonIThardwareandsoftwareprotectionandcomparethattothetrainingbudgetforteachingthestaffhowtodealwithhackers.Teachallthestaff,notjusttheITdepartment,andyou'

llgetamuchbetterreturnoninvestmentthanbybuyinganotherfirewall.

What'

sthesinglemostimportantruleforanyonewithaccesstocompanysecretswhowantstoavoidbeingthevictimofhackers?

Alwayschecktheidentityofthepersonattheotherendofthephone.Ifthey'

relegitimatetheywon'

tmindyouchecking.Ifthey'

renot,you'

vejustsavedyourcompanylargeamountsoftimeandmoney.

Questions:

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMitnick?

2.WhydidMitnicksaythathewasahacker,notacracker?

3.WhendidMitnickstartedtoshowhisinterestincomputers?

4.WhatdidMitnickthinkofhisexperienceinprison?

5.WhywasitimportantforMitnicktopublishabookonsocialengineering?

6.Whatisthesinglemostimportantruleforcompanyemployeeswishingtoavoidbeingthevictimsofhackers?

Unit2

DifficultNeighbors

Mostofushavehadaconflict,greatorsmall,withaneighbor.Manylocalorganizationsthattrackquarrelsbetweenneighborssaysuchconflicts--aboutpropertylines,eyesores,tumbledownfences,loudstereos,parties,undisciplinedchildren--areontherise.

Itisestimatedthatneighborhooddisputesmakeup50to60percentofcasesreferredtomediation.Andthenumberisgrowing.Aretiredjudge,RodericDuncan,sayssometimessuchdisputeswindupincourt.Somecasesareserious,butothersborderontheludicrous.InAlamedaCounty,California,herecalls,twoneighborsdidn'

tseeeyetoeyeonanything.Onewasablue-collarworkerwhowaspoliticallyconservative,theotherauniversityemployeewhowasliberal.Theuniversityman'

streedroppedapplesintheother'

syard.Whentheyrotted,theblue-collarmanthrewthemback.Theuniversitymanleftthegatetotheircommondrivewayopen,upsettinghisneighbor,wholikeditclosed.Finally,theblue-collarmanboughtamannequin,dresseditinamilitaryuniformandinstalleditinawindowfacinghisneighbor'

shouse--withrightarmupraisedandmiddlefingerextended.Theothermanchargedhimwithcivilharassment.

Afterhearingbothsides,JudgeDuncansays,"

Itoldthemthatthiswasoffensivebehaviorandjustaskedthemtoworkitoutontheirown.Theywerebothverysheepish,andquicklyagreed.Theyknewthewholethingwassilly,buthadjustgottenbeyondtheircontrol."

Misunderstandingcanalsocauseadispute.Duncantellsanotherstory.InAlbany,N.Y.,twowomenhadn'

tspokentoeachotherinnineyears,eventhoughtheyhadoncebeenfriends.Meanwhile,theyhadkeptthepolicebusyansweringcomplaintsthattheother'

sTVwastooloud,hercarwasblockingthedrivewayorherkidswereunruly.Finallythepoliceinsistedtheysubmittheirdisputetomediation.

"

Howdidallthisstart?

"

askedmediator.Onewomantoldthemediatoraboutthedayshehadcometotheother'

sdoortoborrowsomething.Herneighboropenedthedoor,said"

Ican'

ttalktoyou,"

then"

slammedthedoorinmyface."

Irememberthatday,"

repliedthe"

door-slammer."

Iwasonthephonewithmysister,whohadjustlearnedshehadbreastcancer.Imeant,'

I'

lltalktoyoulater.'

ButwhenItried,youwouldn'

ttalktome."

Iftheyhadtalkeditoverthatday,thefeudwouldneverhavehappened.Sospeakuprightaway.Whenadisputelooms,carefullyplanwhattosayandattacktheproblem,nottheperson.Ifyourneighborlikeshisstereoloud,calmlytellhimorherhowtheproblemharmsyou--"

Ihavetobeatworkat5a.m.Couldyouturnitdownafter10p.m.?

Statements:

1.Disputesbetweenneighborsarecommonandlotsofthingscancauseconflicts.Accordingtothepassage,morethanhalfofthedisputescanberesolvedthroughmediation.

2.InJudgeDuncan'

seyes,50to60percentofcasesaboutneighborhooddisputesarecausedbyludicrousandtrivialmatters.

3.Thespeakerimplied,notstated,thatblue-collarworkerscouldnotbegoodneighborstowhite-collarworkers.

4.Accordingtothejudge'

saccount,itwastheuniversitymanwhochargedhisnext-doorneighborwithcivilharassment.

5.Boththeblue-collarworkerandtheuniversitymanadmittedthattheyhadbeenirrationalintheirbehaviortoeachother.

6.Inthejudge'

ssecondstory,asthepolicecouldnotresolvethedisputebetweenthetwowomen,theyhadtosubmittheirdisputetocourt.

7.Thedisputebetweenthetwowomenstartedwhenoneunintentionallyslammedthedoorintheother'

sface.

Unit3

FindersKeepers（PartOne）

Walkingalong,mindingyourownbusiness,youseeawalletontheground.Youpickitup.Somephotosinside,acardortwowithID.Hmm,andanicewadofmoney,too.Sowhatdoyoudo?

Therightthing,or...?

Reader'

sDigest"

setouttodiscoverjustwhatpeoplewoulddo.Inbigcitiesandtownsacrosstheglobe,intheUK,Europe,theUS,Asia,Canada,Australia,NewZealandandLatinAmerica,editorsofthemagazinedroppedtemptationinthepathofunsuspectingpeople.We"

lost"

morethan1,100walletstoseejusthowmanywouldbereturned.Eachcontainedaround30poundsinlocalcurrency,butalsoanameandphonenumbersothatthefinderswouldhavenotroublereturningthewallet--presumingtheywantedto.Welefttheminshoppingcentres,trainandundergroundstations,supermarkets,carparksandonpavements.Thenwewatchedtoseewhatwouldhappen.

Theresultswere...fascinating.

Alltold,44percentofthewalletswerepickedup,nevertobeseenagain.Fromoneplacetoanother,though,theresultsvariedwidely.ThegoldstarsforhonestyhavetogotoNorwayandDenmark,whereeverysinglewalletwasreturned（dotheyevenbothertolockdoorsthere?

）.Scandinaviancountries,onthewhole,puttherestoftheworldtoshame.SodidNewZealandandacoupleofplacesinAsia--SouthKoreaandJapan.ButwatchyourpossessionsinArgentinaandItaly.AsforMexico,it'

stoughluckifyouloseyourwalletthere.InmostMexicancities,barelyanywerereturned.

HowdidtheUKfare?

Notbad:

outof80wallets,52werereturned--65percent.Medium-sizedtownswereslightlymorehonestthancities,and,interes