山东省泰安市届高三四模英语试题文档格式.docx
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Whilegardenscanbeagreatplaceforpetstoexploreandplay,someseeminglyharmlessplantsandgardeningproductscanbepoisonousforanimalsorpets.Herearethegardenproductstoavoid:
Cocoamulch
Somegardenersliketousecocoashellmulchintheirgardensbut,justlikechocolate,cocoashellmulchcontainstheobromine(可可碱),whichispoisonoustodogs.Thismeansthatcocoashellmulchcanbepotentiallydeadlyifconsumedinlargequantities.IfyouownadogI’dstronglyadvisethatyouavoidusingCocoamulchinyourgarden.
Compost
Despitebeinganeco-friendlygardenfeature,compostcanbehighlydangerousforanimal.Asorganicmatterdecomposes,itreleasesmycotoxins(霉菌素),whicharepoisonoustowildlife.Consumptionofmycotoxinscancausepanting,vomiting(呕吐),seizuresandevendeathindogs.Ifyoudousecompostinyourgarden,makesureitissecurelyfencedoffsothatyourpetcannotaccessit.
Weedkiller
Thechemicalscontainedinweedkillerscanbeirritantstoanimalsand,insomecases,evenpoisonous.Someweedkillerscontainharmfulsubstances,suchasboraxandarsenic,whichcanpotentiallybefataltopets.Ifyouareunsurewhetheraweedkillerissafetouseinagardenthatyourpetuses,youshouldalwaysseekthemanufacturer’sadvicefirst,oraskavet(兽医).
Fertiliser
Differentfertiliserscancontainawiderangeofingredients,includinginsecticides,fungicidesandbacterial.Thecausticnatureofsomefertilisersalsomeansthat,ifconsumed,theycancausestomachupsetsforpets.Somefertiliserscanalsocausemoreserioussymptoms,suchasvomiting,muscletremorsorevendeath,sokeepingyourgardenfertiliserfreeisthesimplestwaytoensurethatitispetfriendly.
Ifyouthinkyourpethaseatensomethingtheyshouldn’t,orifyouhaveanyotherconcernsaboutyourpet’shealth,youcancallthevideovetserviceFirstVetatanytimeofdayandspeakwithaqualifiedUKvet.
1.Whichofthefollowinggardeningproductscouldcauseyourpetsvomit?
A.Fertiliserandcompost.B.Cocoamulchandcompost.
C.Weedkillerandfertilizer.D.Cocoamulchandweedkiller.
2.Whatdoweknowfromthetext?
A.Compostcanbeusedfreelyinagarden.
B.Allweedkillerscankillyourpets.
C.ToomuchCocoamulchcankillyourpets.
D.Fertiliserscontainingdifferentingredientsarepetfriendly.
3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?
A.Tointroducesometipstotreatyourpets.
B.Toinformyouofhowtoprotectyourpets.
C.Towarnyouofwhatcanharmyourpets.
D.Totellyouhowtomakeyourgardenpetfriendly.
B
ItwasaSaturdayeveninginMarch,justbeforesundown,whenweheardthescreaming.Iwasoutwalkingwithmywife,Melissa,andourgoldenretriever(猎犬),Kira,besidealakewhenthepeacewasbrokenbyawoman’svoice,callingouttwonamesoverandover.
Wespottedher,almostimmediately,threeorfourhundredfeetawayacrossthelake.Springhadcomebuttherewasstillsnowontheground,thewatercoveredbyalayeroficethathadjuststartedtothaw.Twobigdogswerewalkingacrossit.Theyappearedtobequiteoldandweremovingslowly.Aswewatched,theicegavewaybeneathonedogandthentheother,plungingthemintothewater.
Wearrivedatthesceneafewminuteslater,butthedogsalreadyseemedtobeshowingtheeffectsofthecoldastheystruggledweaklytoescape.Werealizedthatcalling911wouldbeuseless—thedogfartheroutwasinwaterabout20feetdeepandIfearedneitherofthemwouldstayafloatlongenoughfortheemergencyservicestoarrive.Besides,Iwasprobablyqualifiedtocarryouttherescuemyself.IwaspracticingthekindofdeepbreathingmygrandfatherhadtaughtmeasIwalkedin.Iwasn’talone—Kiraswamalongsideme.HavingKiratherewasahugesupport.Wewereabletogobacktoshorequickly.
TheseconddogwasfurtheroutandIhadtopausebeforeIwentbackin.That’swhenanothertechniqueI’dlearnedfrommygrandfathercameintoplay.He’dtaughtmeaboutapressurepointonthewristthatwhenpressedintherightwaysendsoutanelectricalsignal,likeajoltofenergy.ThatkeptmewarmasIsetoutagainwith,Kira.Imaintainedeyecontactwiththedogasweapproached.WithKira’sencouragement,itfollowedusback.Theownerwasemotional—“I’mtheluckiestwomanalive!
”shesaid.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thaw”inParagraph2probablymean?
A.Melt.B.Shake.C.Flow.D.Appear.
5.Whydidn’tthewritercall911?
A.Thewriter’sdoghasbeentrainedtosavelives.
B.Thedogscouldsavethemselvesfromthecoldwater.
C.Therewasn’tenoughtimetowaitfortheemergencyservices.
D.Thewriter’sgrandfatherhadtaughthimhowtosavethedogs.
6.Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondtechniquethewriterlearnedfromhisgrandfather?
A.Itmakeshimbrave.B.Itkeepshimwarm.
C.Itallowshimstayfocused.D.Ithelpshimwalkquickly.
7.Whoaccompaniedandhelpedthewriterwhilesavingthedogsinthewater?
A.Hiswife.B.Thedogs’owner.
C.Hisgrandfather.D.Hisdog.
C
ScientistsatIsrael'
sTelAvivUniversitysay—theyhavecreatedtheworld’sfirst3D-printedheartwithhumantissueandbloodvessels.Althoughtheorganisonlyasbigasarabbit’sheart,theresearchersarehopingthetechnologycouldonedaybedevelopedenoughtohelphumanpatientsinneedofahearttransplant.
LeadresearcherTalDvirsaidthatwhileotherscientistshavemanagedto3D—printthestructureofaheartinthepast,thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasprintedanentireheart.“Ourresultsdemonstratethepotentialofourapproachforengineeringpersonalizedtissueandorganreplacementinthefuture,”Dvirsaidinapressstatement.
Scientistsusedfattytissuetakenfromhumanpatientstocreatetheheart.Somematerialinthetissuewasreprogrammedtobecomestemcells.Theremainingmaterialwasprocessedintoahydrogel(水凝胶).Theyusedthehydrogelasaprinting:
“ink”.Thismethodiskeytoremovingtheriskthattheimplant(植入)willberejectedbythepatient’sbody.Theteam’snextstepistocultivate(培育)theorgansinalabandtoteachthemhowto“behave”likehearts.Dvir’s3D-printedheartscancurrentlycontract,butthecellsstillneedtodevelopapumpingability.Histeameventuallyplanstotesttheheartsinanimals.
“Maybe,intenyears,therewillbeorganprintersinthefinesthospitalsaroundtheworld,andtheseprocedureswillbeconductedroutinely,”Dvirsaid.Heartdiseaseistheleadingcauseofdeathforbothmenandwomen,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.About610,000peopledieofthisdiseaseinAmericaeveryyear—amountingtoabout1inevery4deaths.Therearecurrentlymorethan3700peoplewaitingforahearttransplantintheUnitedStates,accordingtodatafromtheUnitedStatesDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices.
8.Whatisthepurposeofcreatingthe3D-printedheart?
A.Todevelop3D-printedtechnology.
B.Tostudytheheartsofrabbits.
C.Toconnecthospitalswithuniversities.
D.Tohelppatientsreceiveanewheart.
9.WhydoestheauthormentiontheCurrentsituationofheartdiseasepatients?
A.Toappealtohospitalstoreducemedicalfees.
B.Toshowtheneedtoimprovethenewtechnology.
C.Tourgeresearcherstodevelopeffectivemedicaldevices.
D.Tointroducethemainreasonforheartdiseasetothepublic.
10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Thecourseoftheresearch.
B.Theimportanceoftheresearch.
C.Thematerialofthe3D-printedheart.
D.Themethodofthe3D-printedheart.
11.What’sDvir’sattitudetowardsthenewtechnology?
A.Disapproving.B.Doubtful.C.Positive.D.Indifferent.
D
Expertsagreethatparentswhogiveupcontrolovertheirchildren’sliveswouldraisethemtobemoreindependentadults.Whilemostparentsarenotinthepositiontobribetheirchildrenintoelite(精英)schools,thisextremecaseshowsthetemptationmanyfeeltotakecontroloftheirkids,lives.Butanextremeapproachcanhavedevastating(毁灭性的)consequenceswhenitcomestoachild’smentalhealth.
“Theseparentsthoughttheirkidswerenotabletomanagetheirlivesbythemselves.AndIdon'
tthinkthere’sanyworsemessageyoucangivesomebodythan‘Idon’thaveanyconfidenceinyourabilitytohandleyourownlife,’”theneuropsychologistWilliamStixrudtoldHuffPost.StixrudistheauthorofTheSelf-DrivenChild:
TheScienceandSenseofGivingYourKidsMoreControlOverTheirLives,alongwithNedJohnson.
Intheirresearch,StixrudandJohnsonhaveshowedtheimportanceforyoungpeopletofeelasenseofcontrolIovertheirownlives.“Theyhavemanyproblemslikeanxietyanddepression,andthosearerelatedtothefactthatkidsfeelsolittlecontrolovertheirlives,”saidStixrud.“Theyfeellike,‘Here’sascripttogetintocollege,andthat’whatyourlifeisgoingtobe.’It’stoostressfulanddiscouragingformanykids.”Inordertodevelophealthyself-motivation,youngpeopleneedtofeelasenseofconfidenceandcontrol,whichparentsandeducatorshavethepowertopromote.
“Wesuggestparentsthinkofthemselvesasadvisors,ratherthanakid’smanagerorboss,orthehomeworkpolice.It'
saverydifferentkindofthinkingaboutyourrole,”saidStixrud,“Asalladvisor,yourroleisnottoforceanythingorsay‘Youneedtobelikethis.’Instead,helpyourkidunderstandwhatheorshewantstobe.”Headvisesparentstoencouragetheirkidstomaketheirowndecisionslongbeforethecollegeyears.It’simportanttoconstantlyask,“Whoselifeisthis?
”andrealizetheansweris“Mychild’slife,notmine.”
12.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftheextremeapproachinparenting?
A.It’sharmfultochildren’smentalhealth.
B.Itcanraisechildrentobeindependentones.
C.Itcanhavedevastatingconseque