英语高考必刷题英语阅读理解题及解析Word格式.docx

英语高考必刷题英语阅读理解题及解析Word格式.docx

《英语高考必刷题英语阅读理解题及解析Word格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语高考必刷题英语阅读理解题及解析Word格式.docx（39页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

Thisisnotthefirsttimeresearchershaverealizedhow“smart”fishare.Previousstudieshaveshownthatfishcanrecognizethosefishtheyhave“socialized”withpreviously,andevenrecallcomplexthree-dimensionalmapsoftheirsurroundings.

（1）Whatisthepurposeofthestudy?

A. 

Todescribearcherfishareeasytoteach. 

B. 

Totellpeoplearcherfishliketoberewarded.

C. 

Toprovearcherfishcanrecognizehumanfaces. 

D. 

Toshowarcherfishcaneasilydevelopahabit.

（2）Whydidtheresearchersuseblackandwhiteimages?

Theycouldgettheseimageseasily. 

Archerfishgottiredofcolorimages.

Theywantedtomakethetaskmoredifficult. 

Theseimageswouldn'

tgetruinedbywater.

（3）Whatconclusiondidresearchersdrawinthestudy?

Archerfishhavea3-secondmemory. 

Archerfishcoulddistinguishdetailedpatterns.

Archerfishhaveaspecialformofcommunication. 

Archerfishcouldremembercomplexfacialinformation.

（4）Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

Fisharesocialanimals. 

Fishareascleverashumans.

Fishareabletotelldifferentshapes. 

Theresultsshockedtheresearchers.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家对喷水鱼做的实验，实验表明鱼也很“聪明”，它们没有复杂的大脑但是却有辨认面孔的能力。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段做的“Whileyourpetfishmayappeartobeunawareofyourpresence,chancesarethatitknowsyouextremelywellandcanprobablyevenidentifyyoufromacrowdofhumanfaces!

”和第二段做的“Totestifthiswasaccurate,somescientistsdecidedtostudyarcherfish（喷水鱼）.”可知这项研究的目的是证明喷水鱼可以认出人脸，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第三段做的“Andthisaccuracyimprovedto86%whentheresearchersmadetheidentificationevenharder,byreplacingthecoloredphotoswithasetofblackandwhiteimagesandhidingtheshapeofthehead.”可知研究人员使用黑白图像是为了增加这项任务的难度，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段做的“Evenso,thefactthatthesearcherfishcould‘remember’thosefacesdemonstratesthattheyhaveanimpressivememoryfordetailsthatlastsmuchlongerthantheoriginally-thought3seconds!

”可推知喷水鱼可以辨别精细的图案，故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第四段做的“Totheresearcher'

sastonishment,thetrainedarcherfishwereabletorecallthelearnedimagealmost81%ofthetime.”可知研究结果令研究人员非常吃惊，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

InIndia,mostofthewomenwearareddotbetweentheireyebrows.Whileitisgenerallytakenasanindicatoroftheirmarital（婚姻的）status,thepracticeisprimarilyrelatedtotheHindu（印度教的）religion.ThedotgoesbydifferentnamesindifferentHindidialects,and“bindi"

istheonethatismostcommonlyknown.Traditionally,thedotcarriesnogenderrestrictionMenaswellaswomenwearit.However,thetraditionofmenwearingithasfadedinrecenttimes,sonowadaysweseealotmorewomenthanmenwearingone.

Thepositionofthebindiisstandardcenteroftheforehead,closetotheeyebrows.Itrepresentsathird,orinnereye.HindutraditionholdsthatallpeoplehavethreeeyesThetwoouteronesareusedforseeingtheoutsideworld,andthethirdoneistheretofocusinwardtowardGod.Assuch,thedotmeanspiety（虔诚）andservesasaconstantremindertokeepGodinthefrontofabeliever'

sthoughts.

Redisthetraditionalcolorofthedot.Itissaidthatinancienttimesamanwouldplaceadropofbloodbetweenhiswife'

seyestosealtheirmarriage.AccordingtoHindubeliefs,thecolorredisbelievedtobringgoodfortunetothemarriedcouple.Today,peoplegowithdifferentcolorsdependingupontheirpreferences.Womenoftenweardotsthatmatchthecoloroftheirclothes.Decorativeofstickerbindiscomeinallsizes,colorsandvariations,andcanbewornbyyoungandold,marriedandunmarriedpeoplealike.Wearingabindihasbecomemoreofafashionstatementthanareligiouscustom.

（1）WhydidpeopleinIndiastartwearingareddotontheirforehead?

A.Tostresstheirfamilybackground.

B.Toindicatetheirsocialrank.

C.Toshowtheirreligiousbelief.

D.Todisplaytheirfinancialstatus.

（2）WhatisthefunctionofthethirdeyeinHindutradition?

A.Tohelptheothereyesseebetter.

B.Tolooktothedistance.

C.Toseetheoutsideworld.

D.TopayrespecttoGod.

（3）Whywasredchosenastheoriginalcolorofthebindi?

A.Theword"

bindi"

means"

red"

insomeHindidialects.

B.Redwasbelievedtobealuckycolorforhusbandandwife.

C.ThereddotrepresentedthebloodofGod.

D.Redstoodforawife'

sloveforherhusband.

（4）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutbindistoday?

A.Bindisarenowusedtomakepeoplelookbetter.

B.Bindisarewornanywhereonthefacenow.

C.MostIndianwomendonotwearbindisanymore.

D.MorementhanwomenwearbindisinIndia.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大多数印度女人的眉毛中间都戴着红点，这种做法主要与印度教有关，它代表的是第三只眼，可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。

现在眉心红点更多的是作为装饰品使用。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“InIndia,mostofthewomenwearareddotbetweentheireyebrows.Whileitisgenerallytakenasanindicatoroftheirmarital（婚姻的）status,thepracticeisprimarilyrelatedtotheHindu（印度教的）religion.”在印度，大多数女性的眉毛上都有一个红点。

虽然这通常被认为是他们婚姻状况的一个指标，但这种做法主要与印度教有关。

可知这种做法主要与印度教有关，所以印度人前额戴红点是展示他们的宗教信仰。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段可知，印度传统上认为人有第三只眼。

以及“Assuch，thedotservesasaconstantremindertokeepGodinthefrontofabeliever'

sthoughts．”因此，点作为一个持续的提醒，以保持神在信徒的思想面前。

所以第三眼在印度教传统中的重要性是要尊重上帝。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“AccordingtoHindubeliefs，thecolorredisbelievedtobringgoodfortunetothemarriedcouple．”可知，根据印度教的信仰，红色被认为能为已婚的夫妇带来好运。

故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Decorativeorstickerbindiscomeinallsizes，colorsandvariations，andcanbewornbyyoungandold，marriedandunmarriedpeoplealike．Wearingabindihasbecomemoreofafashionstatementthanareligiouscustom.”装饰物或贴纸贴纸有各种尺寸、颜色和变化，年轻人和老年人、已婚人士和未婚人士都可以佩戴。

佩戴宾蒂帽与其说是一种宗教习俗，不如说是一种时尚宣言。

可知，眉心红点现在更多的被用作装饰品。

故选A．

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

DelhihasbeenthecentreofasuccessionofmightyempiresandpowerfulkingdomsinIndia.Numerousruinsscatteredthroughouttheterritoryofferaconstantreminderofthearea'

shistory,whichmakesthecityalwaysbeafascinatingplacefortourists.

Withthedevelopmentofthecityandmoreandmorepeoplemoving,thecityhasexpandedseveraltimesinsize.ThatiswhyitiscalledNewDelhi.NewDelhi,acitywithapopulationofover20millionpeople,hasitsnewestproblem:

neverbeforehasthiscitymetwiththeworstairproblem.

AirpollutioninIndianscapitalsurgedtoitsworstlevelsinyears,coveringthecityinathicksmogthathasbecomeanannualpublic-healthemergencydespitegovernmentvowstosolvetheproblem.

Hundredsofflightswerediverted,delayedandcanceledovertheweekendduetopoorvisibility,schoolsandofficeswereclosedMondayandofficialsrushedtotakeemergencymeasurestotrytoreversetheerodingairquality.Millionsofantipollutionmasksweredistributedatschools,colleges,hospitalsandmarkets.

NewDelhi,isengulfedeachyearastheweathercoolsandathickhazebuildsupfromthepollutantsemittedfromcarsandcoal-basedpowerplants,swirlingdustfromconstructionsitesandroadsandsmokefromcropstubbleburninginneighboringstates.FireworksandfirecrackerstocelebratetheHindufestivalofDiwalithenarrives,leavingDelhitheworld'

smostpollutedcity.

Thecity'

sairqualityindex,whichmeasuresamixofdangerouspollutants,registeredanaveragescoreof494Sunday.Thatisthehighest24-houraveragesinceNov.6,2016,whenithit497,accordingtodatameasuredbytheCentralPollutionControlBoard.

（1）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.DiwaliisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsinIndia.

B.Thegovernmentdidlittletoprotectitscitizensagainsttheseriouspollution.

C.SuchaseriousairpollutioninNewDelhiappearsonaregularbasis.

D.Theindexoftherecentairpollutionisnottheworstinthehistory.

（2）Whomaynotcomplainabouttheseriousairpollution?

A.Theparent