英语四六级中译英训练文档格式.docx
《英语四六级中译英训练文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语四六级中译英训练文档格式.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
as…as,more…than,abit/little/lot/even/far/much/still/slightlymore…than,nolessthan,nomorethan,nobetterthan,themore…themore,prior/superior/inferior/senior/juniorto
e.g.Onaverage,itissaid,visitorsspendonlyhalfasmuchmoneyinthedayinLeedsasinLondon.
e.g.Themoreyouexplain,themoreconfusedIam.
e.g.PriortotheRevolutionaryWar,theUnitedStateswasanEnglishcolony.
e.g.Theyaresuperiorinnumberstous.
2、“与…相比”
comparedwith,incomparisonwith
e.g.Yourlossesintradethisyeararenothingcomparedwithmine/incomparisonwithmine.
3、状语从句
1)as/though引导的让步状语从句
e.g.Humbleasitmaybe,there’snoplacelikehome,whereverhemaygo.
e.g.MuchasIadmirehimasawriter,Idonotlikehimasaman.
2)hardly/barely/scarcely…when和nosooner…than引导的时间状语从句
e.g.Nosoonerhadwereachedthetopofthehillthanweallsatdowntorest.
3)状语从句特殊的引导词
nowthat
e.g.Nowthatyouarefamiliarwiththeauthor’sideas,tryreadingallthesectionsasquicklyasyoupossiblecan.
inthat
e.g.Criticismandself-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpstofindandcorrectourmistakes.
Incase/forfearthat/lest
e.g.GivemeyourtelephonenumberincaseIneedyourhelp.
e.g.Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain.
unless除非
e.g.Governmentcannotoperateeffectivelyunlessitisfreefromsuchinterference.
Whether…or..是否(注意与nomatterhow/what相区分)
e.g.Thesubstancedoesnotdissolveinwaterwhether(itis)heatedornot(不管是否加热).
4、名词性从句
e.g.Weagreedtoacceptwhoevertheythoughtwasthebest.
e.g.Insomecountries,whatiscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.
5、定语从句
1)as引导定语从句
as可引导非限制性定语从句,相当于which,如:
IamfromBeijing,asyouknow.但as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首:
Asyouknow,IamfromBeijing.
As可作为关系代词来引导定语从句,既可以单独引导定语从句,又可以与主句中的thesame或such相呼应,从句中的谓语动词常省略。
e.g.As(hadbeen)expected(正如所料),theresponsetothequestionwasverymixed.
e.g.TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,asisoftenthecaseinothercountries.(正如经常发生在其他国家的情形一样)
2)关系代词that与which用法的区别
只能用that而不能用which
a.当先行词是all,anything,everything,few,little,much,none,nothing,something等
b.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
c.当先行词被thevery,only等词修饰时
e.g.Allthatisreasonableisnotnecessarilypracticable.
e.g.Thereishardlyanenvironmentonearthtowhichsomespeciesofanimalorotherhasnotadaptedsuccessfully.
6、虚拟语气
1)虚拟语气用于非真是条件句
时间
If条件句
主句
过去
haddone
would/could/shouldhavedone
现在
did/were
would/could/shoulddo
将来
did/were/wereto/should+do
e.g.Shedoesnotsticktoherexercisesandabalanceddiet,butifshedid,shewouldremaintrim.
e.g.IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufellyoucouldn’tbesmilinglikethisnow.
e.g.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;
otherwisewewouldhavecalledhim.
另外,介词with,without和butfor也可表达虚拟语气,如:
Withyourassistance,wewouldfinishtheplanearlier.Mancouldn’tlivewithoutwater.Butforyourcooperation,wewouldhavefailed.
2)表示命令、建议、要求的虚拟语气,从句的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。
典型词:
order,command,demand,insist,maintain,request,require,ask,recommend,propose,suggest,move,desire等
e.g.Theprofessorrequiredthatwehandinourresearchreports.
3)Itis+形容词/名词+that结构,从句的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。
important,essential,necessary,vital,critical,advisable,appropriate,desirable,fundamental,imperative,proper,urgent,apity,ashame,nowonderthat等。
e.g.Itishighlydesirablethatanewpresidentbeappointedforthiscollege.
e.g.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationformsbesentasearlyaspossible.
4)表示主观愿望的虚拟语气
wish,ifonly,wouldrather后的宾语从句可用三种谓语动词形式表示虚拟:
a.过去完成时表示对过去情况的假设;
b.一般过去时(be用were)表示对现在情况的假设;
c.“would+动词原形”表示对将来的愿望。
e.g.SometimesIwishIwerelivinginadifferenttimeandadifferentplace.
e.g.Hedidn’tgototheparty,buthedoeswishhehadbeenthere.
5)虚拟语气用于某些特定的结构中
用于ifonly,wouldrather从句,asif/asthough,Itis(high)timethat…等结构中,与if引导的虚拟结构形式一样。
e.g.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!
IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice.
7、倒装结构
倒装历来时语法的重要考点,主要用于以下几种情况:
1)表示否定或限定意义的词或短语位于句首时;
a.seldom,rarely,never位于句首时,句子倒装
b.使用hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than结构时,句子倒装
c.当包含only的状语出现在句首时,句子倒装
d.当包含no的短语出现在句首时,句子倒装。
常用的这类短语包括:
atnotime,undernocircumstances,innoway,nonoaccount,onnocondition,bynomeans等。
e.g.Theorganizationhadbrokennorules,butneitherhaditactedresponsibly.
e.g.Onlyunderspecialcircumstances,arefreshmenpermittedtotakemake-uptests.
2)so,neither,nor引导的句子承前表示同类情况时;
3)地点状语位于句首,动词是come,lie,stand,walk等时。
8、并列成分
并列成分在句中具有相同的功能,如充当句子的主语、谓语或宾语、表语等,因此,形式上也应当保持一致。
并列成分常见的标志词、词组是:
and,or,nor,but,not…but,but…than,ratherthan,both…and,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor
e.g.Initialreportscomingoutoftheregionindicatetheearthquakehascausedwidespreaddamageandheavycasualties.
三、翻译强化训练:
1.TopromotethedevelopmentofChina-USrelations,ChinaneedstoknowtheUnitedStatesbetter(反之亦然).
2.(就我们医生而言),thisarrangementisquitegood.Buthowaboutthepatients?
3.Thisnumberwascut(百分之七十五)—frommorethan4000piecestoabout1100pieces.
4.WaltSmithisasgoodashisword.Hecanalways(信守承诺).
5.Ianadevotedsoccerfan,but(当说到)Americanfootball,Ihaveabsolutelynotasteforit.
6.Thesubstancedoesnotdissolveinwater________________(不管是否加热)。
7.Notonly_______________(他向我收费过高),buthedidn’tdoagoodrepairjobeither.
8.Yourlossesintradethisyeararenothing____________________(与我的相比)。
9.Onaverage,itissaid,visitorsspendonly_____________________(一半的钱)inadayinLeedsasinLondon.
10.Bycontrast,Americanmothersweremorelikely____________________(把孩子的成功归因于)naturaltalent.
11.Nothingcan(阻碍)MarieCurieinherresolvetoresearchradiationthoughitisadangerousjob.
12.Itistoohotandnoisyoutside.I(宁可呆在房间里)andwatchTV.
13.Theirresponsiblemanwasaccusedof(玩忽职守)。
14.Afterasecond,thesunemerged(从云层后面).
15.Theemployeemadehisbosssoangerforhewaslate(不止一次).
16.Wecannotaffordto(对此视而不见)ourproblems.
17.Howcanyou(袖手旁观)whenanoldladywomanfelldownbesideyou.
18.Ifyouwanttopasstheexamination,you’dbetter(详细记录)whattheprofessorhassaidinhislectures.
19.Thesupermarketincreasedtheprice,fortheseproducts(非常畅销).
20.Thelocalgovernmenthasencouragedforeigninvestmentto(满足…的需要)therapidlyexpandingeconomy.
21.Iwould(不会诉诸于法律),ifIhadnotbeensohelpless.
22.Intheawfulearthquake,thelocalpeople(失去联系)theoutside.
23.Thepoorgirlcouldnotfindenoughfoodtofeedherself,(更不用说上学了).
24.Tomisthetallestboyintheclass,(仅次于)Mike.
25.It’sapitywehavetostayindoorworking(在这么好的天气里).
26.InChinesefamily,grandparentsandrelatives(起着不可缺少的作用)inbringingupchildren.
27.MyteacherCathyhelpedmealot.Hersupportworth(值得我牢记一生).
28.Itiswarm.(即便如此),itisnotwisetogoswimminginsuchweather.
29.Totellyouthetruth,Iwouldratheryou(不要帮助他)himwhoisdishonest.
30.Thenewchipwhichcanresisttheattackofvirusisnow(正在研制当中).
31.(假定这项提议被采纳了),wherearewegoingtogetthemoney?
32.Nowadayswe(越来越依赖网络)toobtaininformationandcontactpeople.
33.Allthefamiliesreunitedand(祝贺他获得一等奖)intherace.
34.Mostdoctorsrecognizedthatmedicineisasmuch(是一门科学,也是一门艺术).
35.Astimewenton,Susan(发现自己面对的是最艰难的工作).
36.Sincetheymovedtothiscommunity,they(和谐地相处)withtheirneighbors.
37.(从观众的反应判断),theperformancemustbeagreatsuccess.
38.Iheardthathe(被指控)stealingacar.
39.Itisvitalthat(募集到足够的钱)tofundtheproject.
40.I’dratherreadthanwatchtelevision:
theprogramseem(越来越差)allthetime.
41.Ifyoushallnotofferhelptous,(他们也不会).
42.(不管你信不信),shelost20kilogramsweightamonth.
43.Thepopstarworedarkglasses(唯恐被别人认出来).
44.Sheneverthoughtof(被派到国外深造).
45.Johnfailedthefinalexamination.He(肯定没有好好复习课文).
46.Wheneverviolatingthetrafficlaw,Martinalways(试图逃脱罚款).
47.Infact,PeterwouldratherhaveleftforSanFrancisco(而不愿待在纽约).
48.Thisarticle(呼吁人们多关注)totheproblemofculturalinterferenceinforeignlanguageteachingandlearning.
49.Itwasessentialthatthebooks(必须归还)beforethedeadline.
50.NotthatIdon’tlikeit,(而是我实在不能接收你的礼物).
51.It(直到两天前)sherememberednotattendinghisbrother’sweddingceremony.
52.Herdiligenceandintelligence(弥补了)herlackofexperience.
53.Hetoldhimselfthathe(不要错过这个机会).
54.I’m(下定决心要完成任务),howeverharditis.
55.Itissaidthatthisnewmedicineis(毫无例外地适用于任何人).
56.(没有可靠的证据说明)thatpeoplecancontroltheirdreams.
57.Someplantsare(对光线很敏感);
theyprefertheshade.
58.Gaswillstillbethemostimportantenergyeveninthenextcentury,forthescientist(没有找到替代品)forit.
59.Thisapproachisno(一样不实用)thatone.
60.Onlyundertelescope,(才能看见星星).
61.ThelaunchingofShenzhouVIspacecraftwas(具有历史意义的事件)
62.Withoutthattemporaryworking-site,thestudent(不可能