高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars达标训练 新人教版必修3Word格式.docx

高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars达标训练 新人教版必修3Word格式.docx

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5.阻止__________6.对……有害的__________

7.有机会做某事__________8.第一次__________

9.逃脱__________10.高兴起来__________

1.breakout　2.dependon　3.intime　4.nowthat　5.preventfrom　6.doharmto/beharmfulto　7.haveachancetodosth.　8.forthefirsttime　9.escapefrom　10.cheerup

Ⅲ.语法练习

1.Nooneknows__________inamillionyears.

A.whatmanwilllooklike

B.whatwillmanlooklike

C.manwilllooklikewhat

D.whatlookwillmanlike

A　本题考查宾语从句。

从句作宾语时,其语序应是陈述句的语序；

连接词位于从句的句首。

本题中,what作介词like的宾语,但因其用于引导宾语从句,故放于从句之首。

2.__________isthatIhavepromisedtomakefriendswiththedishonestgirl.

A.TheonlythingwhatIregret

B.WhatIregretmost

C.AllwhatIreallyregretmost

D.WhatthatIregretmost

B　本题考查主语从句。

what一词在引导名词性从句时,含有thething（person）that之意。

因此,A项中的theonlything是多余的,也可把what去掉后改为that；

同样,C项的all和D项中的that也是多余的。

3.__________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.

A.If　　　　　B.Whether　　　　C.That　　　　　D.Where

B　B、C、D三项均可引导主语从句,但是本句含有疑问的意思,因此that排除；

根据句意,是否camping和天气关系更为密切,所以where排除；

if虽也可表示“是否”,但其不能引导主语从句,也排除。

4.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof__________sharesherinterests.

A.anyoneB.whoeverC.whomeverD.nomatterwho

B　whoever在句中起双重作用,既作介词of的宾语,也作从句的主语；

whomever不能在从句中作主语；

nomatterwho只能引导状语从句。

5.Youcan’timagine__________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.

A.howtheywereexcited

B.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedwerethey

D.theywerehowexcited

B　本题考查由感叹句变来的宾语从句。

此时,位于从句句首的应为连接词how,形容词或副词紧随其后,然后是正常的陈述句语序。

根据这一要求,本题应该选择B。

6.Canyoumakesure__________thegoldring?

A.whereAlicehadput

B.wherehadAliceput

C.whereAlicehasput

D.wherehasAliceput

C　本句虽然是疑问句,但是宾语从句的语序并没有变化。

因此,首先要把B和D项排除掉。

主句的时态是现在时,从句就不能用过去完成时,A项也排除掉。

7.ItworriedMaryabit__________shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.

A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how

A　本题中,it是形式主语,要求选出引导主语从句的连词。

如果选择that,Mary就不必着急了；

句意为“使她感到忧虑的是,她是否能够通过考试”,所以,D项排除。

if不能引导主语从句,也排除。

8.—Look!

Someoneiscoming.Guess__________.

—Jack.He’salwaysontime.

A.whocanitbe

B.whoitcanbe

C.whoitmustbe

D.whomustitbe

B　英语中,表示肯定的推测一般用must,否定和疑问的推测用can。

本题虽是肯定句,但其在宾语从句中,实质上也是表示疑问,因此还是用can。

另外,宾语从句的语序应是陈述语序,所以应选择B。

9.__________surprisedmemostwasthesuddenchangeofhisattitude.

A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.It

从句意上分析,本句应是“最让我吃惊的事情”,而what一词可表示thethingthat（surprisedmemost）,其他选项语法不通。

10.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo__________Icantosavethem.

A.whateverB.whichC.thatD.whichever

从句意为“我所能做的一切”,Ican后面省略了do。

四个选项中,能表达这个意思的只有whatever（=anythingthat...）。

whichever用在给出选项,供人选择的情况下,如：

Herearesomebananas.Youcantakewhicheveryoulike.

Ⅳ.交际用语练习

Readaboutthefollowingsituationsthatcouldbedangerousandthinkofpropersafetyinstructions.Practisegivinginstructionsineachsituationwithapartnerbeforeyoupresentthemtotheclass.

1.Itsuddenlystartsrainingwiththunderandlightning.Whatarethethingsyoushoulddoandwhatarethethingsyoushouldnotdo?

Dos

Don’ts

√Ifyouareoutdoors,__________.

√__________ifyouareathome.

√__________inabigbuilding.

√__________ifyouareinacar.

√Keepyourbodylow__________.

√Makeyourself__________.

√Don’tshelter__________.

√Don’tshelterunder__________.

√Don’tuse__________.

√Don’t__________.

√Don’tusetheairconditioner.

2.Youwanttodoascienceexperimentinachemistryclass.RememberthesafetyinstructionsfromthechemistrylabandpractisetheminEnglish.

√Keepchemicalsandinstruments__________.

√__________inthelab.

√Keeptheinstruments__________.

√__________whentheexperimentisover.

√__________beforeleavingthelab.

√Savewater,__________.

√Takegoodcareof__________.

√Don’t__________.

√Don’t__________ifyoudon’thaveto.

√Don’t__________unlessyouknowhowtousethem.

√Don’ttaketheinstrumentapart.

√__________latefortheexperiment.

√__________withouttheteacher’spermission.

1.

√Ifyouareoutdoors,gohomeortoasafeplaceasquicklyaspossible.

√Stayindoorsifyouareathome.

√Takeshelterinabigbuilding.

√Closethewindowsifyouareinacar.

√Keepyourbodylowtotheground.

√Makeyourselfassmallaspossible.

√Don’tshelterinsmallbuildings.

√Don’tshelterundertreesthatstandalone.

√Don’tusethetelephone.

√Don’tuseelectricalmachines.

√Don’ttakeabathorshower.

√Don’tusetheairconditioner.

2.

√Keepchemicalsandinstrumentsinorder.

√Keepquietinthelab.

√Keeptheinstrumentscleananddry.

√Putawayallinstrumentswhentheexperimentisover.

√Shutthewindows,turnoffthelights,tapandgasandlockthedoorbeforeleavingthelab.

√Savewater,electricityandchemicals.

√Takegoodcareoftheinstrumentsandotheritemsinthelab.

√Don’tspeakloudly.

√Don’twalkaroundifyoudon’thaveto.

√Don’ttouchinstrumentsunlessyouknowhowtousethem.

√Don’ttaketheinstrumentapart.

√Don’tbelatefortheexperiment.

√Don’tleaveclasswithouttheteacher’spermission.

综合•应用

Ⅰ.选择填空

1.（2005辽宁高考）Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately__________intimeforChristmas.

A.inordertohavereceived

B.inordertoreceive

C.soastobereceived

D.soastobereceiving

C　根据句意,句子主语与所给动词为被动关系,故只有C项合乎语法结构。

2.（2005山东高考）Whatshallweuseforpowerwhenalltheoilintheworldhas__________?

A.givenoutB.putonC.holdupD.usedup

A　givenout意为“耗尽,用尽”,无被动式；

puton意为“穿上”；

holdup意为“堵塞”；

usedup意为“用尽”,主语为物时,需用被动式。

3.（2005辽宁高考）TheheadofficeofthebankisinBeijing,butithas__________alloverthecountry.

A.companiesB.branchesC.organizationsD.businesses

B　branches意为“分支,分公司”,正合题意。

4.（2006广东高考）Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefire__________,andthenitspreadquickly.

A.brokeoutB.putoutC.cameoutD.gotout

A　题意为“火灾发生的时候,我正在睡觉……”。

A项意为“发生”；

B项意为“扑灭”；

C项意为“开花、出版”；

D项意为“出来”。

5.（2006天津高考）—I’mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I’mafraidIcan’tpassthistime.

—__________!

I’msureyou’llmakeit.

A.GoaheadB.GoodluckC.NoproblemD.Cheerup

D　由后句“I’msureyou’llmakeit.（我相信你会成功的）”可知,应是对对方的鼓励和信任。

cheerup可用于表达鼓励、促进的含义,相当于comeon,goahead意为“做吧”,用以表达对前面说话人的提议的支持和许可。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

（2005全国高考）

AtDallm/FortWorthAirport,thelightsarecontrolledbysensorsthatmeasuresunlight.Theydimimmediatelywhenit’ssunnyandbrightenwhenapassingcloudblocksthesun.

AwallofwindowsataUniversityofPennsylvaniaengineeringbuddinghasbuilt-inblinds（百叶窗）controlledbyacomputerprogramthatfollowsthesun’spath.

Buildingsaregettingsmarter—andthenextgenerationofbuildingmaterialsisexpectedtodoevenmore.

Windowscouldcatchthesun’senergytoheatwater.Sensorsthatmeasurethecarbondioxidebreathedoutbypeopleinaroomcoulddeterminewhethertheairconditioningneedstobeturnedup.

Manynewmaterialsandtechnologyhavebeendesignedinthelast15years.Theyarenowbeingusedinawaveofbuildingsdesignedtosaveasmuchenergyaspossible.Theyincludeoldideas,like“greenroofs”,whereabeltofplantsonaroofhelpsthebuildingkeepheatinwinterandstaycoolinsummer,andnewideas,likespecialcoatingforwindowsthatletslightin,butkeepsheatout.

Astechnologiessuchassensorsbecomecheaper,theirusesspread.

Theelevators（电梯）atSevenWorldTradeCenter,whichisunderconstructioninNewYork,useasystemthatgroupspeopletravelingtonearbyfloorintothesameelevator,thussavingelevatorstops.Peoplewhoworkinthebuildingwillenteritbyswiping（刷）IDcardsthatwilltelltheelevatorstheirfloor;

readoutswillthentellthemwhichelevatortouse.Thebuildingalsohaswindowswithacoatingthatblocksheatwhilelettinginlight.

Morenewbuildingmaterialsandtechnologyareindevelopment.APhiladelphiabuildingfarmisnowworkingon“smartwrap”thatusestinysolarcollectorstocatchthesun’senergyandtransmitters（传感器）thewidthofahumanhairtomoveit.Theyareexpectedtochangethefaceoftheconstructionindustryinthenexttenyearsorso.

1.__________willbedevelopedandusedintheconstructionindustry.

A.“Greenmops”thatcoolorheatbuildings

B.“Smartwrap”thatcatchesthesun’senergy

C.Sunlight-measuringsensorsthatcontrollights

D.Windowcoatingthatletslightin,butkeepsheatout

2.TheelevatorsatSevenWorldTradeCenterarespecialbecausetheycan__________.

A.sendpeopletofloorswithfewerstops

B.teachpeoplehowtousetheirIDcards

C.makepeoplestayverycoolinsummer

D.helppeoplegotravelinginthebuilding

3.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto__________.

A.ahumanbeing

B.smartwrap

C.thesun’senergy

D.atransmitter

4.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.BuildingsAreBecomingSmarter

B.BuildingsAreGettingMoreSunlight

C.BuildingsAreLackinginMuchEnergy

D.BuildingsAreUsingChea