阅读理解专题复习精编文档格式.docx
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正确选项特点:
不出现细节信息;
不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词干扰项特点:
细节信息明显;
过于笼统
（二）作者观点和态度题
1.作者态度题的解题技巧
*作者对某一事物的看法,要么支持,要么反对,带中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案
*漠不关心类词语一定不对,既然写文章就不会不关心
*不要把自己的态度揉入其中,也要区分开作者的态度和作者引用的别人的态度
*当作者的态度没有明确提出时,要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度
*作者观点一般与文章主旨相关联
[注]新趋势:
*不仅局限于作者的态度,而发展到问文中某人对某事物的态度
*选项可能不再是态度明确的肯定或否定的词语,而改为带有程度限制的词
*一般带有绝对化或过于强烈的表示必错,如:
strong,complete,entire,enthusiastic等
*持有保留态度的比较客观,常常是正确选项,如:
reserved,qualified,tempered,guarded,consent等
（三）词义/句义题
1.对词义考察的两种方式:
超纲词义含义推断;
熟词生义或是在特定场合的意思
2.词义题的解题技巧:
*根据上下文进行推理猜测,两个原则
<
1>
不管这个词多超纲,根据上下文都能得出其意思
2>
不管这个词多熟悉,都要通过上下文得出其在特定场合的意思
*正确选项不是熟词的常规含义
3.猜测词义的方法:
*构词法:
根据词根,词缀判断词义
*词性加搭配:
先判断生词在文章中的词性,再看它与哪些词语可以搭配,最后根据自己的常识推测
*找同义词,同义解释,反义词,反义解释:
在上下文中找出生词的其他表示方法,由此推断其含义
*找同位词:
文中可能有类似生词出现的句子的平行结构,找出其中和生词处于同一位置的词去推测
4.句义题的解题技巧
*正确选项不含有意义过于绝对化的词语,而是使用不肯定语气或意义解释深刻
*含原文词或短语越多,就越不可能是正确选项
（四）推理引申题
1.推理引申题的选项特点与答题技巧
干扰项的特点
*只是原文的简单复述,而非推断出来的结论,把直接表达当作间接推理
*看似从原文推断出来的结论,然而实际上与原文不符,如因果倒置,手段变目的等
*根据考生已有的常识是正确的,但是却不是基于文章,一切以文章为准
*推理过头,引申过渡
正确选项的特点
*不是文中明确说明的内容,没有引申推理就不是正确选项
*正确选项大多含义深刻,不是常识选项
[注意]*注意那些似乎话中有话的的间接表达句,它们往往采用说半句,打比喻,反着说的方式,让考生有推理的余地
*注意含义深刻或结构复杂的句子.考生对作者表达的意思能不能一下子看透,也是命题点所在
（五）事实细节题
1.事实细节题的选项特点
正确选项特点
*一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到答案,但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样,而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思
题干+正确选项的信息值等于或者约等于原文中某句的信息值
体现中心思想,一篇试题的细节与主旨直接关联
干扰选项的特点
*部分正确,部分错误
*是原文信息,但是不是题目要求的内容
*符合常识,但不是文章内容
*与原句的内容极为相似,只是在程度上有些变动
2.事实细节题的解题技巧
*主旨与细节是相辅相成的,确定了主题,才能深刻理解材料的作用.同样,对具体细节有较为全面的理解,就能更好的判明主题
*文章的事实细节内容不会孤立的出现,它与前后的内容密切相关,考生要善于利用因果,类比,时间,空间的关系将零碎的细节组成一个有机整体
*看细节内容要"
跳出来"
看,即要对文章的组织结构有清楚的认识,然后判断该细节为什么主题服务
*坚决遵循\"
本本主义\"
文章里有什么就用什么,不可凭感觉发挥做题
高考英语阅读理解复习专项
Ex.1A
I'
llbethefirsttoadmitthatIamatechnophobe（对技术有恐惧感的人）.Whowouldhaveguessedthatawebsitewouldhelprepaya20-year-oldloan?
1lalwaysremembermylastdayatschool.Mybestfriend,Jenny,hadorganizedapartyintheSixthFormCommonRoom;
Jennyaskedmetogotothesupermarketwithhertobuyallthesnacks."
I'
mreallylookingforwardtothisparty,Stingy,"
shesaid.EveryonecalledmeStingyinsteadofDebbiebecausetheythoughtIdidn'
tliketospendmoney.Actually,itwastrue."
There'
slotsofmoneyinthekitty（零星凑起的一笔钱）.Let'
sgocrazy!
"
Goingcrazymeantbuyingenoughsnackstofeedanarmy.Itcameto￡19.90,whichwasalotofmoneyin1982.Jennygavemeaguilty（内疚的）look."
veleft-thekittymoneyinthecommonroom.CanyoupayandI'
llgiveyoubackthemoney?
"
Sure,"
Ireplied,tryingtolookrelaxed.'
Neitheralenderoraborrowerbe'
wasmymottobutIdidn'
twanttolookstingy（小气）.Igave￡20totheimpatientshopassistant.Well,thePartywasagreatsuccess.SogreatthatIcompletelyforgotaboutmyloanuntilIwasflyingtoAmericathenextday.Iwasgoingtolivewithmyuncle'
sfamilyuntilIstarteduniversity.
ItriedtogetintouchwithJennybutherfamilyhadmoved.My￡20waslost.Until...
dheardaboutawebsitecalledFriendsReunitedwhichhelpedpeoplecontactoldschoolfriends.Myhusbandhelpedmelogonandfindmyschool.ThereshewasJennyFrost.I'
mnowmarriedwithabeautifuldaughtercalledDebbie.DoesanyoneknowhowtogetintouchwithDebbie'
Stingy'
Jones?
Istilloweher￡20!
Wemettwomonthslaterandthe￡20wasreturned,plusinterest（利息）ofcourse.Afterall,I'
mabankmanagernow,soloansaremybusiness.
1.WhydidJennyspendalotofmoneyonthesnacks?
A.Debbiehadmoney.B.Therewasmoneyshecoulduse.
C.ShewantedDebbietostopbeingstingy.D.Shewantedtobecrazy.
2.HowdidDebbiegethermoneyatlast?
A.HerhusbandfoundJenny.B.JennyhadawebsiteontheInternet.
C.DebbiemetJenny.D.DebbieputamessageontheFriendsReunitedwebsite.
3.WhichsentencebestdescribesDebbieJones?
A.Shedidn'
tliketospendmoneyatschoolandoftenusescomputers.
B.Shesometimeslendsmoneyanddoesn'
tlikeusingcomputers.
C.Shesometimeslendsmoneyanduses,thecomputerwhenevershecan.
D.Sheonlylendsmoneytofriendsanddoesn'
4.WeknowfromthepassagethatJenny__.
A.likedpartiesatschoolandfeltguiltyaboutborrowingmoney
B.hadfunatschoolbutsoonforgotaboutherschoolfriends
C.forgotherbestfriendatschooluntilshesawtheFriendsReunitedwebsite
D.wasforgetfulaboutthemoney
B
SolomonShereshevskiwasamanwithanamazingmemory.Hewasoneoftheworld'
smostfamousme-monists（记忆能手）.BorninRussiainabout1900,hespentmuchofhislifeperformingmemoryskillsthatpeoplefounddifficulttobelieve.Hecouldmemorizelonglistsofnumbersafterreadingthemthroughonce,andhecouldthenrecite（背诵）themforwardsorback-wards.Hecouldalsorememberthesamenumbersmonthslater..Hecouldeasilyrememberlistsofnames,dozensofplayingcardsorhundredsofcities.
Althoughhehadawonderfulmemory,hefoundsomenormalskillsverydifficult.Forexample,hefounditdifficulttolearntoread.Healsofounditdifficulttorecognizepatternsinwordsornumbers.Whenpresentedwithalonglistofnumberslikethis:
123442315678876567899876hecouldnotseethattherewasapattern.Ifhecouldseeorhearacollectionofnumbers,hecouldrememberit.However,thisdidnotmeanthathecouldunderstandwhathewaslookingat.Hecouldrememberlongcomplexmathematicalformulas,butcouldnotunderstandwhatthenumbersmeant.
SolomonsufferedfromaconditionknownasSynaesthesia.Thismeantthatallofhissenseswereconnectedinaspecialway.Inotherwords,whenheheardaparticularwordhealsoexperiencedauniquetaste,orsawauniquecolor.Eachwordthatheheardbroughtaparticulardescriptionintohismind.Eachwordforhimwasunique,becauseheremembereditasataste,asmell,acolororasound,orallofthemtogether.
Hewasnotaclevermanexceptthisabilityandpeoplefoundhimratherstupid.Hefounditdifficultto,becomefriendswithotherpeoplebecausehismindwassodifferent.Inaway,hismemorywasacurse（祸根）.Herememberedeverything,andthatmadeitdifficultforhimtounderstandanything.
5.Weknowfromthefirstparagraphthat_______.
A.allofhislife,Solomonwaskeptbusydoingmemorytricks
B.ifSolomonreadalistofnumbershecouldimmediatelyrememberthem
C.Solomoncouldmemorizelonglistofnumbersandfoundtheirpatterns
D.peoplethoughtSolomoncouldrememberthemostthingsintheworld
6.Solomonhadverypowerfulmemory,buthe.
A.couldnotreadorwriteB.neverknewwhatpeoplemeantwhentheysaidtohim
C.couldnotworkoutsomesimplemathproblemsD.foundeverythinghedidwasmeaningless
7.Whenapersonsuffersfromsynaesthesia,he（orshe）.
A.sensesthingsusuallyinawrongway
B.confusesfeelingswithc61orsortastes
C.oftenconnectswordshe（orshe）hearswiththingshe（orshe）experienced
D.eachwordhe（orshe）hearschangesitsmeaningcompletely
8.Theauthorwantstoexpressanideathat.
A.onecannotbegoodatbothmemorizingandunderstandingthings
B.somepeopleareactuallyquitestupidthoughtheyseemclever
C.havingagoodmemorydoesnotmeanhavinggoodintelligence
D.themoreyoucanmemorize,themorestupidyouwillcertainlybe
C
Lastyear,myboyfriendsuggestedthatIshouldruntheLondonmarathon（马拉松）,andIlaughed.Helaughedtoo,buthelaughedtoolongandtooloud.Thatmademethink.Irealizedthathedidn'
tbelievethatIcoulddoit.Thatmademeangry,anddetermined,NowheknowsthatIcan!
Trainingwasn'
teasy,butIkeptgoing.Ididn'
tneedspecialtrainingbutIdidneedtobuyverygoodshoes.Eachday,Iwentalittlefurther.Bytheendofthreemonths,Iwasrunningfivedaysaweek.Some-timesintheeveningsIran10km；
onSundaymornings,Isometimesranabout30kin.Iusedtocomehome,haveashowerandeatmybreakfast.Ifeltwonderful!
OnthedayoftheraceinLondon,Ilinedupwithabout30,000otherrunners.Thefasterrunnerswereatthefront,whileslowerrunnerslikemewereplacedfurtherback.Inthatway,theprofessionalrunnersandclubrunnerswerenotsloweddownbytheamateurs（业余爱好者）.
Atfirst,thereweresomanyrunnersclosetogetherthatwewerealmostfallingovereachother.Wecouldonlyrunveryslowlybutthatwasagoodthingbecauseitmeantthatwedidn'
trushofftooquickly.Graduallytherunnersspreadoutandtherewasmorespace.Therewerethousandsofpeoplewatchingusalongtherouteandtheycheeredandclappedeveryone,eventheslowestrunner.Itwaswonderful!
Forthefirst10kmIfeltveryhappyandmylegsfeltverycomfortable.However,at15kmIgotapaininmysideandrunningbecamedifficult,butIkeptgoingandthepaindisappeared.Atthe30kmmark,Ifeltextremelytired,andwantedtostop,butIkeptongoing.Icoveredanother3kmandthenIbegantofeelbetteragain.
BythetimeIreachedthe35kmmark,IknewIwasgoingtogettotheendofthecourse.Somehowthatconfidencemademefeellighterandfasteranditseemedasifmylegsflewoverthelastfewkilometers.Ipassedhundredsofslowerrunners,someofwhomhadpassedmeearlier,andIfeltwonderful!
ASIcameroundthelastbend（弯道）andsawthefinishingline,Icouldseethreerunnersaheadofme.Iracedpastallofthemtofinishtheraceinjustunderfourhours.Thewinnerhadcompletedtheracein2ho
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