practical course文档格式.docx
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theexaminerislookingfor3things:
∙Paragraphing(hasacleartopicsentenceormainideawhichshouldbethefirstsentence;
withenoughdetailsandexamples;
withclosingsentence)
∙Logicalorganizationoftheessay(mainideasshouldbeprogressingmeaningoneparagraphislinkedtotheothersespeciallytothecentralideaorpositionintheintroduction)
∙Cohesivedevicesneedtobeusedwell(sentencesshouldbelinkedsmoothlytoeachother,theeasiestwaytodothisiswithconjunctiveadverbs,buttherearebetterwayslikerepetitionofkeyphrase/words,synonyms,pronouns,sentencepatterns)
∙arrangesinformationandideascoherentlyandthereisoverallprogression
∙usescohesivedeviceseffectively,butcohesionwithinand/orbetweensentencesmaybefaultyormechanical
∙maynotalwaysusereferencingclearlyorappropriately
∙usesparagraphing,butnotalwayslogically
LexicalResource:
∙Rangeofvocabulary(useslesscommonwords,wordsusedprecisely,minimalrepeatedwords,notwordy)
∙Spelling(frequencyoferror)
∙Collocation(wordcombinationmakessense,notjustonecorrectwordbutagroupofcorrectlyrelatedwords)
∙Wordfamilies(wordsareinthecorrectform,correctpartsofspeech)
∙usesanadequaterangeofvocabularyforthetask
∙attemptstouselesscommonvocabularybutwithsomeinaccuracy
∙makessomeerrorsinspellingand/orwordformation,buttheyrarelyimpedecommunication
GrammaticalRangeandAccuracy:
∙Accuracyofgrammar(howmanysentencesareerrorfree,whatkindsofmistakeswerecommitted,accuracyofsimpleandcomplexgrammar,)
∙Rangeofgrammar(usesmorecomplexstructures,sentencesareclearlyorganized)
∙usesamixofsimpleandcomplexsentenceforms
∙makessomeerrorsingrammarandpunctuationbutitrarelyreducecommunication
OBS:
6.0
Conclusion/suggestionsandTipfortheday
∙Learnmoreonhowtouseconjunctions,determiners,verbs(tenses),adverbs,participles,adjectives,prepositions,andonsubject-verbagreement
∙Doublecheckforotherminorerrorslikethewordtrails.
Additional:
“Tipfortheday”
*Continuouspracticeisimportant
*Itisveryimportantforyoutoknowtheimportanceofthefollowing:
SingularForm–(wordswithout“S”)
PluralForm–(wordswith“S”)
E.g.
Singular
Plural
car
Cars
dog
Dogs
house
man
men
child
children
sheep
*Itisveryimportantforyoutoknowtheimportanceof“subjectandverbagreement”*
BasicPrinciple:
Singularsubjectsneedsingularverbs;
pluralsubjectsneedpluralverbs.
Ex:
My
brother
is
anutritionist.My
sisters
are
mathematicians.
The
doggrowls
whenheisangry.The
dogsgrowl
whentheyareangry.
ADDITIONALINFORMATIONANDKNOWLEDGE:
*NOUNS*-people,places,thingsandanimals.(Ex:
dog,cat,garden,work,music,town,China,teacher,Bob).Thesunshines.Annagoestoschool.
*PRONOUNS*-replacenouns.(Ex:
me,I,its,my,she,he,that,this,those,us,who,whom,you).Johnishungry.Hewantstoeat.
*VERBS*-showaction.(Ex:
run,go,have,invite,laughed,listen,playing,singing,walk).Thedogandcatarerunning.
*ADJECTIVES*-describenouns.(Ex:
Angry,brave,healthy,little,old,red,smart,two,some,good,big,interesting).Browndog.Fatcat.Biggarden.
*ADVERVS*-describeverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.(Ex:
badly,fully,hardly,nearly,never,quickly,silently,well,very,really,almost).Runsslowly.Eatsveryquickly.
*ARTICLES*-signalthatanounisgoingtofollow.(Ex:
The,A,AN).Thedog.Thecat.
*CONJUNCTIONS*-connectwords,phrases,clausesorsentences.(Ex:
and,or,but,so,after,before,unless,either,neither,because,since).IwastiredsoIwenttosleep.
*Trytousemoretransitionwordstolinkoneideatoanother:
Furthermore/Moreover/additionally/Inaddition.
*Wordsthatcannotbeinpluralform*
1.KNOWLEDGE
2.INFORMATION
3.STUFF
Readasmanygoodsampleanswersasyoucansoyoucangetsomeideas,evenlearnexpressionsandstructures
∙Betterarrangeyourideasinthisway
∙Introduction–rephraseofthetopicsentence+opinion+thesisstatement
∙1stbodyparagraph–strongestideainrelationtoyouropinion
∙2ndbodyparagraph–supportingidea
∙3rd–oppositeidea
∙Conclusion–recommendation
∙Withthisorganization,youareabletodiscussboththeviews,organizeyouressaysthatthereisnoconfusion,andyouareabletopresentyourownopinion.
∙Trytogivespecificdetailsandexamplestoproveyourpointandhypothesis.
∙Recommendationfortheconclusionwillmakeitmoreimpressiveandpreventsredundancyofstatements.
∙Makesuretoallottimeforeditingandcheckingforminorerrorslikewordchoice,wordform,spelling,prepositions,andgrammaticalerrors.Thiswilllessendeductionsinyourscores.
∙Avoidallinformalwaysofwriting.Therearesomerulesofwritingyoushouldfollow.Forexample:
noabbreviations,no1stand2ndpronounorpossessive(I,you,me,my,your),exceptinconclusionwhereyouhavetostateyouropinion.
Prepositions–Time
English
Usage
Example
∙on
▪daysoftheweek
▪onMonday
∙in
▪months/seasons
▪timeofday
▪year
▪afteracertainperiodoftime
(when?
)
▪inAugust/inwinter
▪inthemorning
▪in2006
▪inanhour
∙at
▪for
night
weekend
▪acertainpointoftime
▪atnight
▪attheweekend
▪athalfpastnine
∙since
▪fromacertainpointoftime(pasttillnow)
▪since1980
∙for
▪overacertainperiodoftime(pasttillnow)
▪for2years
∙ago
▪acertaintimeinthepast
▪2yearsago
∙before
▪earlierthanacertainpointoftime
▪before2004
∙to
▪tellingthetime
▪tentosix(5:
50)
∙past
▪tenpastsix(6:
10)
∙to
/till
/until
▪markingthebeginningandendofaperiodoftime
▪fromMondayto/tillFriday
∙till
▪inthesenseof
howlongsomethingisgoingtolast
▪HeisonholidayuntilFriday.
∙by
atthelatest
▪uptoacertaintime
▪Iwillbebackby6o’clock.
▪By11o'
clock,Ihadreadfivepages.
Prepositions–Place(PositionandDirection)
▪room,building,street,town,country
▪book,paperetc.
▪car,taxi
▪picture,world
▪inthekitchen,inLondon
▪inthebook
▪inthecar,inataxi
▪inthepicture,intheworld
▪meaning
nextto,byanobject
table
▪forevents
▪placewhereyouaretodosomethingtypical(watchafilm,study,work)
▪atthedoor,atthestation
▪atthetable
▪ataconcert,attheparty
▪atthecinema,atschool