unit5Music语言点与语法讲解含练习文档格式.docx
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capabilityorpowertodosth.
Shedidtheworktothebestofherability.
Heisamanofgreatability.
Theactingabilitiesofbotharewell-known.
5.advertisementn.publicnote(esp.innewspaperorTV)toarousethepublic’sattentionaboutaproductoridea
Advertisementhelpstosellgoods.
Youcanalwaysseealotofadvertisementsinthenewspaper.
Yourjobisdealingwithadvertisements.
6.musiciann.someonewhoistalentedatcomposingorperformingmusic
Hewantstobeagreatmusicianinthefuture.
Hermother’sfriend,MissChen,isawell-knownmusician.
Itseemsthatmusiciansalwayskeeplonghair.
7.reputationn.greatopinionaboutaperson’scharacter;
stateofbeingrespected
Thestorehasanexcellentreputationforfairdealing.
Thisrestauranthasafinereputation.
Cheatinginthegameruinedthatplayer'
sreputation.
8.sort1)n.kind;
personorspecifiedpersonality
2)v.arrangeaccordingtodifferentcategoriessuchasclass,kindorsize
Allsortsoflampsareavailableinthatshop.
That'
sjustthesortofthingIwant.
Theysortapplesbysize.
Can'
tyousortthegoodfromthebad?
9.clap1)n.theactionorsoundofhands-clapping;
ahigh-pitchnoiseofthunder
2)v.tostriketogetherwithhands
Theygavethespeakeraclap.
Aclapofthunderreverberatedthroughthehouse.
Theaudienceclappedthepianistheartily.
10.roll1)n.sthrolledup,suchaspaper;
thingswiththisshape;
listofnames
2)v.tomovebyturningoverandover;
toformintocylindricalorsphericalshape;
(ofearth)toextendasinawave;
(tocauseto)soundwithlong,vibratingtone;
tosway
Pleasebuyarolloffilmforme.
Therollofthunderwasdeafening.
Sherolleduphersleevesandbegantoprepareforsupper.
Thetruckrolledonatfullspeed.
Thecoinrolledunderthebed.
Theboatrolledbadly.
11.saying
awell-knownwisestatement
“Thereisnosmokewithoutfire”,asthesayinggoes.
Readsomeofthefollowingsayings,thenwriteyourownfamousquoteaboutmusicandwhatitmeanstoyou.
Usefulexpressions
dreamof\about(doing)sth
imaginesthwouldcometrue
Haveyoueverdreamtofbeinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert,witheveryoneclappingandenjoyingyoursinging?
Hedreamsofbecomingasailor.
Hegotthefirstplacethistime,butheneverdreamtaboutthat.
1.behonestwith
tellwhatexactlywhatonethinks
tobefrankwith
Ifwearehonestwithourselves,mostofushavedreamedofbeingfamous.
Ishallbequitehonestwithyou.
Ifyouarehonestwithothers,theywillhelpyoualot.
2.playajokeon\withsb=playjokeson\withsb
Themusicianofwhomthebankwasformedplayedjokesoneachotheraswellasplayedmusic.
Theywereplayingjokesoneachotherwhiledrinking.
Takeiteasy,heisonlyplayingajokewithyou.
3.orso
It'
llonlycost15dollarsorso.
Thereweretwentyorso.
Ourmanagerwillbebackinamonthorso.
4.breakup
goawayindifferentdirections
However,thebankbrokeupinabout1970,butreunitedinthemid-1980s.
Thepolicetriedtobreakupthecrowd.
Thetwofriendsbrokeup.
Nearlythreehourslater,themeetingfinallybrokeup.
5.bychance
byaccident
Imetmyclassmateinthestreetbychance.
Hegotthemoneyintheroombychance.
Ifoundmylostwatchbychanceyesterday.
6.sortout
toseparatefromamassorgroup;
toputthingsinorder;
placeaccordingtokind,rank,etc.;
arrange
Pleasesortoutthepaperstobethrowaway,andputtherestback
ShegotajobsortingoutlettersinthePostOffice.
Someofthemassagesaregettingmixedup.Canyousortthemout?
7.stickto
Youshouldsticktoyourdream.
Sticktothetaskuntilitisfinished.
Makeaspecialtimeforpracticingandsticktoit.
Heneverstickstoanythingforlong.
8.aboveall
mostimportantofall
Andaboveall,remembertosendusyourcomments
Aboveall,youshouldbehonestwithmerightnow.
一.请根据中文意思完成下列句子
1.Imetanoldfriendinthestreet_______________.
我偶然在街上遇见一位老朋友。
2.Onceyoumakeupyourmind,youshould___________it.
你一旦下了决心,你应该坚持下去。
3.I___________beingagreatscientistwhenIwasachild.
当我是个小孩的时候我梦想成为一名伟大的科学家。
4.Ispentawholemorningto__________mybooks.
我花了整整一个上午把我的书归类好。
5.Itisimpoliteto__________________others.
开别人的玩笑是不礼貌的。
6.Hewillarriveatsixo’clock_________.
他大约六点到。
7.__________,youshouldmakeaplanforyourstudy.
首先你应该为你学习制订好计划。
8.Weshould________________ourparents.
我们应该对我们的父母诚实。
9.Theclub________lastyear.
那个俱乐部去年解散了。
二.请根据首字母完成下列句子
1.Manypeopledon’tlikea________.
2.Hisbookwasquiteah___inLondon.
3.Doyouknowhowdiditf_______?
4.Guilinisana_________city.
5.Weenjoyedthep_____________lastnight.
6.Howmuchdidyoue____lastmonth.
7.Weneedane_____daytodothejob.
8.LiuDehuaisawell__knowna______.
9.Hehasthea______tospeakfourlanguages.
10.Thelittletownisu_________tous.
11.Twop____________vitnessedtheaccident.
12.Hisfatherafamousm________.
13.Theyarethef____ofZhouBichang.
参考答案:
Unit5
一.1.bychance2.stickto3.dreamtof4.sortout5.playjokeson
6.orso7.Aboveall8.behonestwith9.brokeup
二.1.advertisements2.hit3.form4.attractive5.performance6.earn
7.extra8.actor9.ability10.unknown11.passers-by12.musician
13.fans
Grammar
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
2010.12
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句中较复杂的一种,多用于正式文体中。
这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which,whom,whose。
它们既可引导限定性定语从句,又可引导非限定性定语从句。
同学们在学习这种定语从句时要注意以下几种情况:
一、注意介词的选取“介词”+“关系代词”引导的定语从句中,介词的选取应根据如下几点:
1.根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。
如:
•Whoisthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?
刚才和你握手的人是谁?
•ThetwothingsaboutwhichMarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidioms.马克思不大有把握的两个方面是语法和某些习惯用语。
[典型考例1]Inthedarkstreettherewasn'
tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom
析:
答案为D。
介词to和定语从句中的turn构成固定搭配turntosb.forhelp。
意为“向某人求助”。
2.根据定语从句意思的需要,此时不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。
•Hehadabadcold,becauseofwhichhedidn'
tattendthemeeting.
他患了重感冒,因此未能参加会议。
•Thespeedatwhichthecarrunsdependsontheroadcondition.这辆车的速度要根据路面状况而定。
[典型考例2]IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:
30p.m.,_______manypeoplehavegothome.
A.whosetimeB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhich
析:
根据句意“到下午5:
30时,许多人已经到家了”,且定语从句中又用了完成时,故应用介词by。
3。
根据意思也可用复杂介词,如bymeansof,asaresultof,infrontof,inthebackof,allof,mostof等,如:
(1)Theinstrumentbymeansofwhichthetemperatureismeasurediscalledthermometer.用来测量温度的仪器叫温度计。
(2)Therearefortystudentsintheclassroom,allofwhomareworkinghardataprobleminmathematics.教室里有四十个学生,他们都在努力计算一道数学难题。
二、注意关系代词的选取
在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,如果关系代词指代事物就用which;
如果指代人则用whom;
若表示“……的”则用whose。
如:
1.Thisistheclassroominwhichwestudiedlastyear.
这就是我们去年学习的教室。
2.Therearesixtystudentsinourclass,twentyofwhomaregirls.
我们班有六十个学生,其中二十个是女生。
3.Helivesinahouse,whosedooropenstothenorth.
他住的房子门是朝北开的。
[典型考例1]Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,mostof_____hadn'
tbeencleanedforatleastayear.(MET1990)A.thoseB.theseC.thatD.which
[典型考例2]Thegentleman_____youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.(上海2000春招)A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom
析:
考例1中关系代词指代“窗子”,故用which,答案为D;
考例2中关系代词指代人,故用whom,它又和后面的told构成固定搭配tellsb.aboutsb./sth.,故答案为B。
三、注意关系代词的替换
1.介词in,on,at,for等与关系代词which一起引导定语从句时,可与相关的关系副词when,where,why等替换。
(1)AmericaisthecountryinwhichGeorgeWashingtonwasborn.美国是乔治•华盛顿出生的国家。
(inwhich用where替换)
(2)Ihaveforgottentheexactdateonwhichthissmallcountrybecameindependent.我忘了这个国家独立的确切日期了。
(onwhich用when替换)
(3)Thereasonforwhichherefusedtogotothepartywasthattheyhadnotinvitedhimto.他拒绝去赴宴的原因是他没受到他们的邀请。
(forwhich用why替换)
2。
“名词+of+关系代词”引导定语从句时,可与相关的关系副词“whose+名词”替换。
(1)Iwilltalktothosestudentsthehomeworkofwhomhasn'
tbeendone.
我要和没完成作业的同学谈话。
(thehomeworkofwhom用whosehomework替换)
(2)Shelivesinthehousethewindowsofwhichfacetotheeast.她住在一栋窗户朝东的房子里。
(thewindowsofwhich用whosewindows替换)
四、注意不能拆开的动词短语
并不是所有的动词短语都能拆开,要注意有些动词短语不能拆开使用。
这样的动词短语常用的有:
lookafter,lookfor,turnin,payattentionto,takecareof,dependon,listento等。
1。
Thebabies(whom)thenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.
保育员照看的婴儿都很健康。
2。
Isthisthebook(which/that)shewaslookingfor?
这是她正在找的那本书吗?
3。
Whereisthewallet(which/that)youturnedinyesterday?
你昨天上交的钱包哪去了?
4。
Thesearethewords(which/that)youshouldpayattentionto.这些是你应该注意的单词。
五、注意“介词+where”引导的定语从句
有时我们可以见到“介词+where”引导的定语从句,此时要和“介词+which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow,fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.