医学考博英语写作常用词汇.docx
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医学考博英语写作常用词汇
2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇精选
一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类
(一)医疗、医院、医生
1、医生
①doctor,medicalworker
②physician内科医生
③surgeon外科医生
④doctorincharge主治医生
⑤intern实习医生
⑥residentdoctor住院医生
2、医院
①hospital
Thespecializedhospital专科医院
Thegeneralhospital普通医院
Thecommunityhospital社区医院
Thepublichospital公立医院
Theprivatehospital私立医院
②clinc门诊
Conventionalclinictreatment普通门诊
③ward病房
④medicalteam医疗队
3、医疗手段
(1)drugtherapy药物治疗
(2)medicaltreatment医疗
(3)medicalinstruments医疗器械
(4)diagnose(v)诊断(n)diagnosis
(5)prevent(v)预防
(6)sterilize(v)消毒|
(7)administrateadrug给药
(8)preventandtreatdisease(v)预防和治疗疾病
(9)TCM中医r>(10)chemotherapy化疗
(11)medicalservice医疗服务
(12)complainof(v)主述
(13)healthcheckup健康普查
(14)diagnosingandtreating诊断和治疗
(15)consultthedoctor(v)咨询;
4、医疗体制
(1)healthcaresystem医疗体制
(2)medicaldisputes医疗纠纷
(3)medicalaccident医疗事故
(4)therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients医患关系
(5)medicalinsurancesystem医疗保险体系
(6)medicalaidfund医疗救助基金
5、医德
(1)medicalethics医德
(2)patient-oriented以病人为核心
(3)humanistic人道主义的
(4)compassionate富于同情性的
(5)considerate体贴周到的
(6)resolute果断的
(7)servicequality服务质量
(8)togivetopprioritytothelivesandhealthofpeople
6、病人
(1)patient
(2)thesick
(3)theinvalid
(4)sufferer
(二)疾病
1、患病的表达方式
⑴sufferfrom(v)
(2)contract(v)
(3)peoplewithsomedisease患病人群
(4)thepeoplesusceptibletosomedisease易感某种疾病的人
2、必知疾病名称
heartdisease心脏病
hypertension高血压
kidneyproblem肾病
stroke中风
shock休克
thebloodpressure血压
diabetes糖尿病
obesity肥胖
terminalillness绝症
incurableillness不治之症
cancer癌症
tumor肿瘤
cancerofearlystage癌症晚期
emergencycase急症
seriousillness重症
thedifficultandcomplicatedcases疑难病
shortbreath短气
syndrome综合症
complications并发症
process病程
boneloss骨质疏松
short-sighted(adj)近视
3、传染病
(1)感染源
virus病毒bacteria细菌pest害虫channelandmedia传染途径及媒介
(2)传染疾病
somediseaseepidemic传染性疾病plague鼠疫
influenza(简)flu流感
infectioncontagion传染病
infectiousdiseases传染病
AIDS艾滋病
SARS
(3)传染
epidemic(a)流行的,传染的
blockthechannel(v)
disseminate传播
crossinfection交叉感染
5、疾病、病痛
illness
sickness
disease
ailment
suffering
6、疾病的转归
(1)疾病的恢复
recoverrecovery
recuperate
resume
recruit
reinstate
(2)疾病的恶化
deteriorate
aggravate
exasperate
makeworse
worsen
7、其他相关词汇
outbreakandspending
breakout(v)疾病的爆发
spread(v)疾病的扩散
theincidenceofcommondiseases常见病发生率
taboo禁忌
speedupbloodcirculation(v)
improvethecardiacfunctions(v)
sideeffects副反应
complainof主述
(三)药物
1、药物名称
medicine
drug
remedy
medicinalherbs
power
tablet
pill
2、药物用法
开药:
prescribesomemedicineforsomediseases
writeoutaproscription
服药
takeamedicine
治…的疾病
aremedyforsomediseases
3、其他相关词汇
drugtherapy药物治疗
sideeffects副反应
drugabuse药物滥用
drugstore药房
overthecounter非处方药
drugallergy药物过敏
drugpoisoning药物中毒
prescription处方
expensesformedicine药费
chargesformedicine
drugrebate药品回扣
(四)心理疾病
1、心理学专业词汇
subhealth亚健康
psychologicalbenefits心理健康
psychologicalproblem心理问题
psychologicalconsultation心理咨询
psychologicalobstacles心理障碍
mentalobstacles心理障碍
psychologicalmassage心理按摩
psychology心理学/心理
psychotherapy心理治疗
psychologicalexpert心理专家
2、情绪词汇
overcome
disappoint
disappointed
shy,
flush
frustration
failure
willpower
optimism
optimistic
besensitiveto
nervous
tensional
sadagonypessimismpessimistic
confidentconfidence
stresspressure
depressdepressed
depressiondepressive
3、疲劳相关词汇
fatiguetire(v)weariness(n)tired(a)exhausted(a)fatigued(a)weary
(五)肥胖与营养
1、营养物质
nutrient营养素
protein蛋白质
fat脂肪
glucose葡萄糖
vitamin维生素
sugar糖类
heatcaloriesquantityofheat热量
carbohydrate碳水化合物
softdrinkbeverage软饮料
cholesterol胆固醇
2、营养与饮食
awell-balanceddiet
nutrition营养
nutritional营养的
二、医学写作其他常用词汇
1.下降、减少reduction,decrease,decline,diminution,drop,descend,go/comedown,fall
2.上升、增加rise;goup;ascend;increase
3.禽流感H1N1flu/birdflu/avianflu;
4.食品安全foodsafety
5.公共卫生突发事件publichealthemergencies
6.应急反应immediateresponseto
7..关注民生concern(focuson,payattentionto)people’slivelihood/well-being&>6IU
8.城乡卫生体系urban-ruralmedicalandhealthsystem
9.预防保健diseasepreventionandhealthcare
10.服务体系servicesystemA
11.讲究卫生payattentiontohygiene
12.个人和环境卫生personalandenvironmentalhygiene9i.
13.清淡的lite
14.蛋白添加饮食protein-complementeddiet
15.预防的措施preventiveinitiatives=preventivemeasures^AN
16.人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病
17.虫媒insectpollination;
18.虫媒传染病insect-borne/arthropod-borneinfectiousdisease
19.肾病综合征nephritic/renalsyndrome;
20.爆发流行breakout,explode;anepidemicoutbreakofexplosion
21.传染(及相关词):
infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable,contagion/contagious,transmission/transmittable;!
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22.传播途径routeoftransmission,birdflutransmitsbyair/wind;persontopersontransmission
23.传播,散布:
diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/propagation{D
24.污染pollution/pollute,contamination/contaminate
25.福祉well-being,happiness
26.衰老growold;aging;senility;seniles
27.每况愈下frombadtoworse
28.相似的akinto=similarto
29.脓的,化脓的purulent–
30.脂肪肝fattyliver
31.血压hypertension
32.肠癌CancerofRectumandColon
33.亚健康sub-health8
34.过劳死deathfromoverwork[
35.长期以来foralongtime;overtheyears0
36.养生preserveone'shealth;nourishingoflife;keepingoodhealth
37.分类bedividedinto=fallintothreecategories=begroupedaccordingtotheirorigin,intothreeclasses.=becategorizedaccordingto/beroughlyclassifiedintothreekinds
38.基本职责=basic/fundamental/essential/elementaryduties/responsibilities/obligations
39.基本原则fundamentalprinciple/rule,basicruleorprinciple
40.道德morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。
morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。
morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。
ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。
41.民众the(general)public,themassesofthepeople,thecommonpeople
42.合作者co-worker;collaborator;copartner;co-agent
43.死亡人数deathtoll,deaths,thenumberofpeoplekilledin/dyingfrom
44..归结为boildownto;comedownto
45.归因为/归功于beattributableto,beattributedto,ascribeorattribute…to,owe…to
46.归咎于layorputtheblameonsb,blame…on,ascribeorattribute…to,impute…to
47.大规模onalargescale,extensive,large-scale,massive
48.大规模流行large-scaletransmission,becomeapandemic,massiveattack/outbreak
49.表面上onthesurface,apparently,ostensibly,superficial,seemingly
50.因果关系cause-and-effectrelationship,causalrelationship/relations
51.孤立现象anisolatedphenomenon
52.复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate
53.极端复杂性extreme/exceedingcomplexity/complicacy
54.低保basiclivingallowances/subsistenceallowances
55.养老保险endowmentinsurance
56.退休养老金retirementn
57.医疗改革healthcarereform
58.激烈运动strenuousexercise;vigorousactivity
59.月经期menstrualperiodS
60.生活的节奏thetempo/thepaceoflife;alifeofquick/fastpace
61.婴幼儿保健theinfanthealthcare
62.安乐死euthanasia
63.得绝症的terminallyill
64.临终关怀=hospicecare=end-of-lifecare!
65.濒临死亡的病人:
dyingpatients,terminallyillpatients,incurablepatient
吸二手烟secondhandsmoking,alsocalled“involuntarysmoking”or“passivesmoking”.