新视野大学英语第二版听说教程4Passage部分听力原文Word文档格式.docx

新视野大学英语第二版听说教程4Passage部分听力原文Word文档格式.docx

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sright.Insteadoflivingoutasimplelifeofintegrityandhardworkortryingtodeveloparespectablenameinherprofession,shesoughtfame.Well,I'

lltellyou,shegotherwish.Shemadehermovies--AllAboutEvein1950,GentlemenPreferBlondesin1953,SomeLikeItHotin1959,andmore.Shegotintotroublethroughout--drugs,abuse....Allofthiscamecrashingdownonherhead,andshediedatanearlyagein1962.Sad,really.

Ihopethatthisexampleshowsyouthedangersoffame.Believeme,it'

sbestjusttoliveasimplelife.

UNIT2

CharlieChaplin

Somepeoplestandoutastrulyspecialandoneofakind.CharlieChaplin,asuperstarofsilentcomediesandoneofthegreaticonsofthe20th-centuryfilm,isoneofthoseuniquepeople.Chaplinhadarottenchildhoodandanearlystartonstage,performingevenasachildinvaudeville.HewenttoHollywoodin1914andbeganactinginsilentcomedies.By1915,hecontrolledmostaspectsofhisfilms,inwhichheusuallyappearedasacharactercalledsimplythe"

LittleTramp"

:

alovablyshabbydreamerwithabushymoustache,bowlerhatandcane.ChaplinwasoneofthefoundersofUnitedArtistsStudiosandwasoneofthefirstmoviemakerstohavecompletecontroloverhisfeaturesHisbest-knownfilmsinclude1925'

sTheGoldRush,1931'

sCityLights,and1936'

sModernTimes.Famouslyoutspokenandsympathetictocommunism,ChaplinlefttheUnitedStatesin1952becauseofincreasedpoliticalpressure.HesettledinSwitzerland,whereheandhiswifeOonaraisedeightchildren,includingactressGeraldineChaplin.In1972hereturnedtotheUnitedStatestoacceptaspecialOscar,andin1975,hewasknightedbyQueenElizabethII.

UNIT3

CarefortheAmerica'

sPoor

Whattodoaboutthepoorandneedyisaconcernofeverygovernment.TheU.S.isnotexemptfromthisconcern,butcareforitspoorhaschangedovertime.UntiltheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,stateandlocalgovernmentsinAmericaboresomeresponsibilityforprovidingassistancetothepoor.However,suchassistancewasminimalatbest.

TheNewDealpoliciesofPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltincludednewfederalinitiativestohelpthoseinpoverty.Withmillionsofpeopleunemployedduringthe1930seconomicdepression,welfareassistancewasbeyondthefinancialresourcesofthestates.Therefore,thefederalgovernmentprovidedfundsformaintainingaminimumstandardofliving,eitherdirectlytorecipientsortothestates.

Between1935and1996,federalprogramswereestablishedthatprovidedadditionalwelfarebenefits,includingmedicalcare,publichousing,andfoodstamps.Bythe1960s,however,criticismbegantogrowthattheseprogramsdiscouragedpeoplefromfindingemployment.Evendefendersofpublicwelfarebenefitsacknowledgedthatthesystemwasimperfect:

notingthefinancialdisincentivesassociatedwithtakingalow-payingjobandlosingthearrayofbenefits,especiallymedicalcare.

UNIT4

InformationHighway

The"

informationhighway"

the"

informationsuperhighway"

the"

Interweb"

Internet"

...allofthesewordshavecometoidentifythesamething--thewidespreadconnectionofcomputersandinformationfromaroundtheworld.Andasourunderstandingofthisconnectionhaschanged,sotoohavethetermswe'

veusedtodescribeit.

Theinformationhighwaywasatermusedespeciallyinthe1990stodescribetheInternet.TheofficialprojectwasdubbedtheNationalInformationInfrastructureandwentbeyondtheinterconnectivityofjustcomputers;

thescopebroadenedtoincludealltypesofdatatransmissionsbetweenaplethoraofplaces,people,anddevices.ItisoftenassociatedwiththeUnitedStatespoliticianandformervicepresident,AlGore,whopromotedfundingforprogramsthatledtoaspectsofthedevelopmentoftheInternet.AlthoughitscurrencywaswiderthanmerelyGore--manypolicyoranizationsmadepronouncementsabouttheso-calledinformationhighwayorthevariantinformationsuperhighway.BothtermsareusedlessfrequentlynowthatformanypeopletheInternethasbecomealessabstractandmoreconcretething;

thehighwayanalogy,thoughusefulandapt,hasperhapsserveditspurpose.

UNIT5

Dormitory

Mostpeoplepreferlivingbythemselves,astheythinkthattheadvantagesoflivingalone,suchasprivacyandquiet,outweighthenegatives,whichincludelonelinessandhighercosts.However,somepeople,collegestudentsmostofall,donothaveachoice.Becausecostsaresohigh,theyhavetolivewithoneormoreotherstudentsinwhat'

scalledadormitory.

Theterm"

dormitory"

usuallyreferstoalargeroomwithmanysinglebeds.Examplesarefoundinmanyroominghouses,hostels,universities,colleges,andbarracks.Theroomtypicallyisalargeroomwithbedsandonlysparesfurnishings.Suchroomscancontainanywherefromtwotohundredsofbeds--thoughverylargeroomsarerareexceptperhapsinmilitarybarracks.Suchroomsprovidelittleornoprivacyfortheresidents,andverylimitedstorageforpersonalitemsinornearthebeds.Storageissometimesprovidedinspecialstoreroomsinanotherpartofthebuilding.

UNIT6

ReasonsforDifferentPunishment

Somepeoplecomplainaboutwhattheyseeashypocrisyinsociety.White-collarcriminals,peoplewhocommitbusinesscrimes,arepunishedlessseverelythanareblue-collarcriminals,peoplewhocommitcrimessuchasassaultandmugging.I,however,thinkthereisasensiblereasonforthedifference.

Areasonfordifferentialtreatmentmightbethefactthat,allotherthingsbeingequal,criminalpenaltiestendtobemorerelatedtothedegreeofphysicalforceorviolenceinvolvedthantothemonetaryloss.Becausewhite-collarcrimesareusuallycommittedbypeoplewithopportuntiesthatdonotrequireviolence,theyarefarlesslikelytogetseverepenalties.Forexample,someonewhomugsavictimonthestreetbythreateningtoknifehimisverylikelytobepunishedwithamoreseverssentencethananinsidetraderwhocheatsshareholdersoutofmilliondollars.Thisdoesn'

tseemsowrongtome.

UNIT7

GeneticTechnologiesLimited

GeneticTechnologiesLimited,alsocalledGTG,isabiotechnologycompany,pursuingcommercialopportunitiesinthreemainareasofactivity:

out-licensingitsnon-codingpatentsglobally,expandingitsgeneticservice-testingbusinessintheAsia-PacificRegion,andsupportingcertainresearchprojectsinwhichtheCompanyisalreadyinvolved.OnJune30,2005,itssubsidiariesincludedthewhollyownedGeneTypePty.Ltd.,thewhollyownedSimonsGeneTypeDiagnosticsPty.Lty.,thewhollyowndeGeneTypeAG,thewhollyownedGeneTypeCorporation,the75.8%-ownedGtechInternationalResourcesLimited,the65%-ownedImmunAidPty.Ltd.,thewhollyownedSilbaseScientificServicesPty.Ltd.,thewhollyownedGeneticTechnologiesCorporationPty.Ltd.,andthe50.1%-ownedAgGenomicsPty.Ltd.GTGhasoperationsinAustralia,Canada,andSwitzerland.

ForthefiscalyearendedonJune30,2005,GeneticTechnologiesLimitedrevenuestotaled$7.2M,upfrom2.6M.Netlossesroseby19%to$5.7M.Revenuesreflectincreasedsalesinbiotechnologysegment,higherincomefromservicetestingandincreasedreturnsfromlicenses.Higherlossreflectsincreasedservicetestingexpenses,higherresearch&

developmentexpenses,anincreaseinpatent&

licensefeesandhighergeneral&

administrativeexpenses.

UNIT8

TheHistoryofSlavery

Thereisalotofinjusticeintheworld,inequalitiesofmanydifferentsorts.Andthemostextremeformofinjusticeisslavery.Beginninginthe16thcentury,apublicand"

racially"

basedtypeofslaverywasestablishedwhenEuropeansbeganimportingslavesfromAfricatotheNewWorld.Anestimated11millionpeopleweretakenfromAfricaduringthetransatlanticslavetrade.Bythemid-19thcenturytheslavepopulationintheUShadrisentomorethanfourmillion,althoughslaveimportshadbannedfrom1809.Followingtheriseinpublicoutcry,Britainoutlawedslaveryinitscoloniesin1833,andFrandedidthesamein1848.DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,slaverywasabolishedintheconfederacybytheEmancipationProclamationin1863,whichwasdecreedbyPresidentAbrahamLincoln.Brazilwasthelastcountrytoabolishslavery,doingsoin1888.Officialpolicynotwithstanding,slaverycontinuestoexistinmanypartsoftheworld.Manycontemporaryslavesarewomenandchildrenforcedintoprostitutionorworkingathardlabororinsweatshops.Debtbondageiscommon,affectingmillionsofpeople,andslavesarestilloftentradedformaterialgoods.

Unit9AmusementParks:

LoadsofFunComingtoaPlace

nearYou

TheHistoryofDisneyParks

YourfirstthoughtofDisneylandmightbeCalifornia,thelocationofthefirstDisneythemepark,openedin1955.AndwhileDisneyislargelyinfluencedbythecultureofitsbirthplace,Disneythemeparksarespreadingaroundtheworld.

In1983thefirstinternationalDisneythemeparkopened:

TokyoDisneylandParkinJapan.TokyoDisneylandParkisnowpartoftheTokyoDisneyResort,andhasasisterthemeparkTokyoDisneySea.BothTokyoDisneysareownedbyaJapanesecorporation,theOrientalLandCompany.TheWaltDisneyCompanyreceivesroyaltiesbasedonrevenuesandmaintainscreativecontrol.

In1992,Eu