新课标全国卷一英语Word格式.docx

新课标全国卷一英语Word格式.docx

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5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷

第二局部阅读理解〔共两节，总分值60分〕

第一节〔共15小题；

每题3分，总分值45分〕

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

TheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityChallenge

DaretoTaketheCuriosityChallenge!

TheCambridgeScienceFestival（CSF）ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.

Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwriteapoemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival,MITMuseum,265MassAvenue,Cambridge02139byFriday,February8th.

StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday,April21st.Guestspeakerwillalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbe

A.Anexhibitionguide.B.Anartshowreview.

C.Anannouncement.D.Anofficialreport.

B

Passengerpigeons〔旅鸽〕onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks〔群〕solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.

Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreachitshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons–anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdsintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles（about515kilometers）longwasseennearCincinnati.

Sadly,theabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdswereabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.

Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans’needforwood,whichscattered〔驱散〕theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.

In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons,butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.

24.Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons_______.

A.werethebiggestbirdintheworld

B.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmerica

C.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironment

D.werethelargestpopulationintheUS

25.Theunderlinedword“undoing〞probablyreferstothepigeons’_______.

A.escapeB.ruinC.liberationD.evolution

26.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?

A.Toseekpleasure.B.Tosaveotherbirds.

C.Tomakemoney.D.Toprotectcrops.

27.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?

A.Itwasignoredbythepublic.

B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.

C.Itwasunfair.

D.Itwasstrict.

C

Atypicalliontamer（驯兽师）inpeople’smindisanentertainerholdingawhip（鞭子）andachair.Thewhipgetsalloftheattention,butit’smostlyforshow.Inreality,it’sthechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelion’sface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesametime.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.

Howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion?

Howoftendoyouhavesomethingyouwanttoachiever（e.g.loseweight,startabusiness,travelmore）–onlytoendupconfusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermakeprogress?

Thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisbest,thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheconflictinginformation.Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecan’tfocusorthatwe’refocusedonthewrongthings,andsowetakelessaction,makelessprogress,andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving.

Itdoesn’thavetobethatway.Anytimeyoufindtheworldwavingachairinyourface,rememberthis:

Allyouneedtodoisfocusononething.Youjustneedtogetstarted.Startingbeforeyoufeelreadyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople.Ifyouhavesomewhereyouwanttogo,somethingyouwanttoaccomplish,someoneyouwanttobecome…takeimmediateaction.Ifyou’reclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo,therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetouttheway.

28.Whydoestheliontameruseachair?

A.Totrickthelion.

B.Toshowoffhisskill.

C.Togetreadyforafight.

D.Toentertaintheaudience.

29.Inwhatsensearepeoplesimilartoalionfacingachair?

A.Theyfeelpuzzledoverchoices.

B.Theyholdontothewrongthings.

C.Theyfindithardtomakechanges.

D.Theyhavetodosomethingforshow.

30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheexpertsmentionedinParagraph3?

A.TolerantB.Doubtful

C.RespectfulD.Supportive

31.Whentheworldis“wavingachairinyourface〞,you’readvisedto_____.

A.waitforabetterchanceB.breakyouroldhabits

C.makeaquickdecisionD.askforclearguidance

D

AsmoreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000-7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieoutbythenextcentury,accordingtotheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization（UNESCO）.

Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations-UNESCOandNationalGeographicamongthem–haveformanyyearsbeendocumentingdyinglanguagesandtheculturestheyreflect.

MarkTurin,ascientistattheMacmillanCenter,YaleUniversity,whospecializesinthelanguagesandoraltraditionsoftheHimalayas,isfollowinginthattradition.Hisrecentlypublishedbook,AGrammarofThangmiwithanEthnolinguisticIntroductiontotheSpeakersandTheirCulture,growsoutofhisexperienceliving,lookingandraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.

DocumentingtheTangmilanguageandcultureisjustastartingpointforTurin,whoseekstoincludeotherlanguagesandoraltraditionsacrosstheHimalayanreachesofIndia,Nepal,Bhutan,andChina.Butheisnotcontenttosimplyrecordthesevoicesbeforetheydisappearwithoutrecord.

AttheUniversityofCambridgeTurindiscoveredawealthofimportantmaterials-includingphotographs,films,taperecordings,andfieldnotes-whichhadremainedunstudiedandwerebadlyinneedofcareandprotection.

Now,throughthetwoorganizationsthathehasfounded-theDigitalHimalayaProjectandtheWorldOralLiteratureProject-Turinhasstartedacampaigntomakesuchdocuments,foundinlibrariesandstoresaroundtheworld,availablenotjusttoscholarsbuttotheyoungergenerationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected.ThankstodigitaltechnologyandthewidelyavailableInternet,Turinnotes,theendangeredlanguagescanbesavedandreconnectedwithspeechcommunities.

32.Manyscholarsaremakingeffortsto_____.

A.promotegloballanguages

B.rescuethedisappearinglanguages

C.searchforlanguagecommunities

D.setuplanguageresearchorganizations.

33.Whatdoes“thattradition〞inParagraph3referto?

A.Havingfirstrecordsofthelanguages

B.Writingbooksonlanguagesearching

C.Tellingstoriesaboutlanguageusers

D.Linkingwiththenativespeakers

34.WhatisTurin’sbookbasedon?

A.TheculturalstaticsinIndia.

B.ThedocumentsavailableatYale.

C.HislanguageresearchinBritain.

D.HispersonalexperienceinNepal.

35.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeTurin’swork?

A.Write,sellanddonate.

B.Record,repeatandreward.

C.Collect,protectandreconnect.

D.Design,experimentandreport.

第二节〔共3小题，每题3分，总分值15分〕

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented,36Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.

1.Curiosity

Yourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.37Askkids,“Whatingredients（配料）canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime〞andthentrythemout.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?

Whatcouldwetrynexttime?

2.Creativity

Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.38Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.

3.InterpersonalSkills

Understandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhatisgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?

Beingabletoreadpeoplehelps