中考动词的语态语法Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Was/werebeingdone
过去完成时态
Hadbeendone
2、主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况
主动语态中有些感官动词（如hear，see，notice）和使役动词（如：
make，let）后不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式to还原，即hearabdosth变为sbbeheardtodosth;
makesbdosth变为sbbemadetodosth
3、使用被动语态的情况
1、不知道动作的执行者是谁
ThiswatchwasmadeinChina.
2、没有必要指出动作的执行者
Manytreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.
3、需要强调和突出动作的承受着
Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.
4、句子的主语是物
Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.
4、主动结构表示被动意义的情况
1、open，look，write，read，sell，clean，cut，burn，drive等词作不及物动词时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动语态
Thiskindofpenwritesverysmoothly.
2、look，sound，taste，smell等系动词用主动结构表示被动意义
Theflowersmellssweet.
3、beworthdoing用主动形式表示被动意义
Themovieisworthwatching.
4、want/need/require/+doing相当于want/need/require+tobedone,tobedone为不定式的被动结构
Yourbedroomneedscleaningrightnow.=yourbedroomneedstobecleanedrightnow.
5、短语表示被动：
betakencareof、becaughtupwith
6、带双宾的谓语动词表被动
如：
shegivemeabook.变为iwasgivenabook.或者abookwasgiventome.
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
Oncetherewasasmallhotelwhosekeeperwasalwayscaringaboutmoney.
Oneday,abusinessmanarrived.Thekeeperlookedattheman'
sthickwalletandthought,"
Oh,Iwishthatallthemoneycouldbemine!
"
Thebusinessmandidn'
tnoticethat,soheorderedthemostexpensiveroomandwenttohisroomtodressfordinner.
Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger（姜）plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds（芽）ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.
Thekeeperthought,"
IfIservesomebudsofgingertothebusinessman,hemaybeforgetfultotakehiswallet!
Thenshewenttothekitchen.
Soon,businessmancamedownstairsandaskedfordinner.Thekeeperwasveryexcitedassheservedthedishtohim."
Delicious!
saidtherichman.Whendinnerwasfinished,hewenttobedhappily.
Inthenextmorning,thekeepersawthebusinessmanleavingfromthefrontdoor.Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'
tfindit.Suddenly,shenoticedapieceofpaperonthefloor.Itwasthebusinessman'
sbill（账单）.Hehadforgottentopayit!
Sherandownthestairs,outofthefrontdoor,andacrosstheroaduntilshewasoutofbreath,butthebusinessmanwasalreadyfar,faraway."
I'
msosilly!
”"
criedthekeeper.
（1）Thekeepercameupwithanideatoownthebusinessman'
smoneywhen__________.
A.
shedressedherself
B.
shecookedthemealinthekitchen
C.
thebusinessmanwentupstairshappily
D.
shethoughtofthebudsofgingeraroundherhotel
（2）Thekeeperranintothebusinessman'
sroomassoonasheleftbecause__________.
shewantedtofindtheman'
sbill
shewantedtofindthekeytotheman'
sroom
shewantedtocheckifthemanhadlefthismoneythere
shewantedtoseeifthemanhadbrokenanythingintheroom
（3）WhichifthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothispassage?
Thekeeperrealizedthebudsofgingerdidn'
tworkintheend.
Thekeeperranafterthebusinessmanbecauseofthebill.
Thebusinessmandidn'
tknowtherumor（谣言）aboutthebudsofginger.
tpaythekeeper'
sbillbecausehelosthismoney.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：
一个贪财的旅店老板整天惦记着钱，一天一个商人来住店了，他认为商人有很多钱，于是就动了心思，他记着有些人说吃了姜芽可以让人失去记忆，于是他就给商人吃了姜芽，第二天当商人出门之后，他去了房间找钱，但是啥也没有，只发现了一个账单，那是住店的账单，这是他想起来了，商人还没有结账就走了。
（1）细节理解题，根据
Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger（姜）plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds（芽）ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.
可知，当他想起了旅店周围的姜的时候，想起了一个把商人的钱占为己有的方法，故答案是D。
（2）细节理解题，根据Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'
tfindit.
可知，他去房间是为了找商人的钱，故答案是C。
（3）正误判断题，根据Hehadforgottentopayit!
可知没因为商人丧失了记忆力，忘记了结账，故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题。
细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。
正误判断题是细节理解的一种题型，也是根据文章内容进行判断的。
2．阅读理解
Ihaveaneighbourwecall"
Happy"
．Ihaveneverseenherangryatanythingandneverheardhersayabadwordtoanyoneoraboutanyone．
HappyandherhusbandBen，70，haveahugegarden．Theyspentmanyhappyhourstogetherworkingonit．MostoftheneighbourswatchedinterestinglyasBendoubledthesizeoftheirgarden．AsthecostoffoodclimbedfasterthanBen'
sbeans，weallwishedwealsohadsuchalargegarden．Astherestofusspentourdollarsatthemarket，Happycouldbeseenpickingbeansinherbackyard．
Lastmonth，HappyandBeninvitedmostoftheneighboursoverforan"
all-dayfoodfest（聚会）"
．Weweretoldtobringglovesandarriveveryearlyinthemorning．Wedidn'
tknowwhatwasabouttotakeplace．
By9：
00a．m．，therewerenineofusinthegardenpickingtomatoes，beans，cabbages，carrotsandpumpkins．By10：
00a．m．，therewaslotsoflaughter．Wesharedalotofstories．By5：
00p．m．，everyonewasalittledrunkfromthewineandbeer．Afterdinner，weplayedgames．Aswewereleaving，HappyandBenhandedeachofusashoppingbagfilledwithvegetablespickedthatday．Whatadelightfulgift!
Well，thepointwasn'
tsomuchaboutthefood．Thetruegiftwasadayoffriendsgettingtogether．ThispartywouldnothavehappenedifithadnotbeenforHappyandBen'
sgarden．Nowtheyhaveablogaboutgardening．Wecanreadtheirblogforadviceonplantingourgarden．Thankstothem，Iamsoproudofmynewtomatoplants!
（1）WecaninferthatHappyandherhusbandBen
．
don'
tlikespendingtimewithothers．
sometimesquarrelwitheachother．
liveonthefoodtheygrowintheirgarden．
arehappytosharewhattheyhavewithothers．
（2）Accordingtoparagraph2，peoplewishtheyalsohadagardensothat
theydidn'
thavetospendsomuchmoneyonfood．
theycouldgrowvegetablesandsellatthemarket．
theycouldinvitetheirneighboursandholdpartiesinit．
theycouldspendhappytimestogetherwiththeirfamilyinit．
（3）HappyandBeninvitedtheneighbourstotheirgarden
toattendabirthdayparty．
tohelpthemgettoknoweachother．
toenjoywhattheygrewinthegarden．
tosharesomeinterestingstories．
（4）Whichofthefollowingistherightorderaccordingtothepassage？
a．Wedrankwineandbeer，sharedstoriesandlaughter．
b．Wepickedtomatoes，beans，cabbages，carrotsandpumpkins．
c．WereceivedHappyandBen'
sinvitation．
d．HappyandBengaveeachofusashoppingbagfilledwithvegetables．
e．Wewenttotheirhousewithglovesveryearlyinthemorning．
e﹣b﹣c﹣a﹣d
c﹣b﹣e﹣a﹣d
c﹣e﹣b﹣a﹣d
e﹣b﹣c﹣d﹣a
（5）Whatdidthewritermostprobablythinkofthetimehespentinthegarden？
Itwastoolong．
Itwaswonderful．
Itwasnotasgoodashethought．
Itwastooterrible．
【答案】
（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：
文章主要讲述的是两个老人在种菜，之后邀请周围的邻居到家里做客，他们采摘并分享新鲜的蔬菜，分享生活中快乐的瞬间。
（1）细节理解题。
Aswewereleaving，HappyandBenhandedeachofusashoppingbagfilledwithvegetablespickedthatday．两个人发起了一场聚会，客人走的时候，每人发给一袋子蔬菜，由此可知两个人乐于分享，选择D。
（2）细节理解题。
AsthecostoffoodclimbedfasterthanBen'
sbeans，weallwishedwealsohadsuchalargegarden因为价格蔬菜猛涨，他们希望有一个自己的花园种菜。
有了花园之后他们自己种菜就不用话那么多钱在食物上了。
选择A。
（3）细节理解题。
thepointwasn'
tsomuchaboutthefood．Thetruegiftwasadayoffriendsgettingtogether最重要的不是赠予实物，而是聚在一起，相互分享开心的事。
选择B。
（4）细节理解题。
首先应该是人们得到邀请，之后戴着手套去他们家采摘蔬菜，吃饭，分享，并且获得新鲜的蔬菜，选择C。
（5）推理判断题。
tsomuchaboutthefood．Thetruegiftwasadayoffriendsgettingtogether最重要的不是赠予实物，而是聚在一起，相互分享开心的事，所以这件事情是极好的，有意义的。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。
阅读题首先要快速浏览一遍文章，特别是对首尾段的浏览，因为主旨通常暗藏在首尾段；
再带着问题有目的性地阅读，边读边找答案，通常问题的答案都暗含在原文中。
3．阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C
Intheoldtimes,therewasaking.Hehadaverybeautifulgarden.Inthegarden,therewasatreewithgoldenapplesonit.Butoneday,oneoftheappleswasmissing.Thekingdecidedtoorderapersontokeepwatchingthetreeatnight.
Thekinghadthreesons.Hedecidedtosendtheeldestonetowatchthetree.Butinthemiddleofthenight,theeldestsonfellasleep.Thenextmorning,anotherapplewasmissing.
Thesecondnight,thekingsentthesecondeldestson.Butthesecondeldestsonalsofellasleepatmidnight.Andanotherapplewasmissingthenextmorning.
Thethirdnight,thekingsenthisyoungestson.Theyoungestsonkeptwatchingthetree.Attwelveo'
clock,hesawabird.Itwasagoldenbird.Itpickedanappleandflewaway,butitleftagoldenfeather.Theyoungestsonpickeditup,andthenextmorning,hetookittotheking.Hetoldhisfatherwhathehadseenatnight.
Hearingthis,thekingwasveryhappy.Heorderedhisyoungestsontoguardthetreeeverynight.Hewantedhimtocatchthebird.However,intheend,theycouldn'
tcatchthebirdandallthegoldenapplesonthetreeweretakenawaybythegoldenbird.
（1）Beforethethirdnight,howmanyappleshavebeenmissing?
One
Two
Three
Four
（2）WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?
Itwasabirdthatstoletheapples.
Theyoungestsonfellasleepattwelveo'
clock.
Theyoungestsontriedtocatchthegoldenbirdbutfailed.
Thekingaskedtheyoungestsontobringthegol
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