中考动词的语态语法Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Was/werebeingdone
过去完成时态
Hadbeendone
2、主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况
主动语态中有些感官动词(如hear,see,notice)和使役动词(如:
make,let)后不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时,要把不定式to还原,即hearabdosth变为sbbeheardtodosth;
makesbdosth变为sbbemadetodosth
3、使用被动语态的情况
1、不知道动作的执行者是谁
ThiswatchwasmadeinChina.
2、没有必要指出动作的执行者
Manytreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.
3、需要强调和突出动作的承受着
Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.
4、句子的主语是物
Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.
4、主动结构表示被动意义的情况
1、open,look,write,read,sell,clean,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时,他们的主语为物,可用主动语态表示被动语态
Thiskindofpenwritesverysmoothly.
2、look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动结构表示被动意义
Theflowersmellssweet.
3、beworthdoing用主动形式表示被动意义
Themovieisworthwatching.
4、want/need/require/+doing相当于want/need/require+tobedone,tobedone为不定式的被动结构
Yourbedroomneedscleaningrightnow.=yourbedroomneedstobecleanedrightnow.
5、短语表示被动:
betakencareof、becaughtupwith
6、带双宾的谓语动词表被动
如:
shegivemeabook.变为iwasgivenabook.或者abookwasgiventome.
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1.阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。
Oncetherewasasmallhotelwhosekeeperwasalwayscaringaboutmoney.
Oneday,abusinessmanarrived.Thekeeperlookedattheman'
sthickwalletandthought,"
Oh,Iwishthatallthemoneycouldbemine!
"
Thebusinessmandidn'
tnoticethat,soheorderedthemostexpensiveroomandwenttohisroomtodressfordinner.
Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger(姜)plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds(芽)ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.
Thekeeperthought,"
IfIservesomebudsofgingertothebusinessman,hemaybeforgetfultotakehiswallet!
Thenshewenttothekitchen.
Soon,businessmancamedownstairsandaskedfordinner.Thekeeperwasveryexcitedassheservedthedishtohim."
Delicious!
saidtherichman.Whendinnerwasfinished,hewenttobedhappily.
Inthenextmorning,thekeepersawthebusinessmanleavingfromthefrontdoor.Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'
tfindit.Suddenly,shenoticedapieceofpaperonthefloor.Itwasthebusinessman'
sbill(账单).Hehadforgottentopayit!
Sherandownthestairs,outofthefrontdoor,andacrosstheroaduntilshewasoutofbreath,butthebusinessmanwasalreadyfar,faraway."
I'
msosilly!
”"
criedthekeeper.
(1)Thekeepercameupwithanideatoownthebusinessman'
smoneywhen__________.
A.
shedressedherself
B.
shecookedthemealinthekitchen
C.
thebusinessmanwentupstairshappily
D.
shethoughtofthebudsofgingeraroundherhotel
(2)Thekeeperranintothebusinessman'
sroomassoonasheleftbecause__________.
shewantedtofindtheman'
sbill
shewantedtofindthekeytotheman'
sroom
shewantedtocheckifthemanhadlefthismoneythere
shewantedtoseeifthemanhadbrokenanythingintheroom
(3)WhichifthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothispassage?
Thekeeperrealizedthebudsofgingerdidn'
tworkintheend.
Thekeeperranafterthebusinessmanbecauseofthebill.
Thebusinessmandidn'
tknowtherumor(谣言)aboutthebudsofginger.
tpaythekeeper'
sbillbecausehelosthismoney.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)D
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
一个贪财的旅店老板整天惦记着钱,一天一个商人来住店了,他认为商人有很多钱,于是就动了心思,他记着有些人说吃了姜芽可以让人失去记忆,于是他就给商人吃了姜芽,第二天当商人出门之后,他去了房间找钱,但是啥也没有,只发现了一个账单,那是住店的账单,这是他想起来了,商人还没有结账就走了。
(1)细节理解题,根据
Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger(姜)plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds(芽)ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.
可知,当他想起了旅店周围的姜的时候,想起了一个把商人的钱占为己有的方法,故答案是D。
(2)细节理解题,根据Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'
tfindit.
可知,他去房间是为了找商人的钱,故答案是C。
(3)正误判断题,根据Hehadforgottentopayit!
可知没因为商人丧失了记忆力,忘记了结账,故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解,本文主要涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题。
细节理解题相对简单,一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。
正误判断题是细节理解的一种题型,也是根据文章内容进行判断的。
2.阅读理解
Ihaveaneighbourwecall"
Happy"
.Ihaveneverseenherangryatanythingandneverheardhersayabadwordtoanyoneoraboutanyone.
HappyandherhusbandBen,70,haveahugegarden.Theyspentmanyhappyhourstogetherworkingonit.MostoftheneighbourswatchedinterestinglyasBendoubledthesizeoftheirgarden.AsthecostoffoodclimbedfasterthanBen'
sbeans,weallwishedwealsohadsuchalargegarden.Astherestofusspentourdollarsatthemarket,Happycouldbeseenpickingbeansinherbackyard.
Lastmonth,HappyandBeninvitedmostoftheneighboursoverforan"
all-dayfoodfest(聚会)"
.Weweretoldtobringglovesandarriveveryearlyinthemorning.Wedidn'
tknowwhatwasabouttotakeplace.
By9:
00a.m.,therewerenineofusinthegardenpickingtomatoes,beans,cabbages,carrotsandpumpkins.By10:
00a.m.,therewaslotsoflaughter.Wesharedalotofstories.By5:
00p.m.,everyonewasalittledrunkfromthewineandbeer.Afterdinner,weplayedgames.Aswewereleaving,HappyandBenhandedeachofusashoppingbagfilledwithvegetablespickedthatday.Whatadelightfulgift!
Well,thepointwasn'
tsomuchaboutthefood.Thetruegiftwasadayoffriendsgettingtogether.ThispartywouldnothavehappenedifithadnotbeenforHappyandBen'
sgarden.Nowtheyhaveablogaboutgardening.Wecanreadtheirblogforadviceonplantingourgarden.Thankstothem,Iamsoproudofmynewtomatoplants!
(1)WecaninferthatHappyandherhusbandBen
.
don'
tlikespendingtimewithothers.
sometimesquarrelwitheachother.
liveonthefoodtheygrowintheirgarden.
arehappytosharewhattheyhavewithothers.
(2)Accordingtoparagraph2,peoplewishtheyalsohadagardensothat
theydidn'
thavetospendsomuchmoneyonfood.
theycouldgrowvegetablesandsellatthemarket.
theycouldinvitetheirneighboursandholdpartiesinit.
theycouldspendhappytimestogetherwiththeirfamilyinit.
(3)HappyandBeninvitedtheneighbourstotheirgarden
toattendabirthdayparty.
tohelpthemgettoknoweachother.
toenjoywhattheygrewinthegarden.
tosharesomeinterestingstories.
(4)Whichofthefollowingistherightorderaccordingtothepassage?
a.Wedrankwineandbeer,sharedstoriesandlaughter.
b.Wepickedtomatoes,beans,cabbages,carrotsandpumpkins.
c.WereceivedHappyandBen'
sinvitation.
d.HappyandBengaveeachofusashoppingbagfilledwithvegetables.
e.Wewenttotheirhousewithglovesveryearlyinthemorning.
e﹣b﹣c﹣a﹣d
c﹣b﹣e﹣a﹣d
c﹣e﹣b﹣a﹣d
e﹣b﹣c﹣d﹣a
(5)Whatdidthewritermostprobablythinkofthetimehespentinthegarden?
Itwastoolong.
Itwaswonderful.
Itwasnotasgoodashethought.
Itwastooterrible.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)B
(4)C
(5)B
【解析】【分析】短文大意:
文章主要讲述的是两个老人在种菜,之后邀请周围的邻居到家里做客,他们采摘并分享新鲜的蔬菜,分享生活中快乐的瞬间。
(1)细节理解题。
Aswewereleaving,HappyandBenhandedeachofusashoppingbagfilledwithvegetablespickedthatday.两个人发起了一场聚会,客人走的时候,每人发给一袋子蔬菜,由此可知两个人乐于分享,选择D。
(2)细节理解题。
AsthecostoffoodclimbedfasterthanBen'
sbeans,weallwishedwealsohadsuchalargegarden因为价格蔬菜猛涨,他们希望有一个自己的花园种菜。
有了花园之后他们自己种菜就不用话那么多钱在食物上了。
选择A。
(3)细节理解题。
thepointwasn'
tsomuchaboutthefood.Thetruegiftwasadayoffriendsgettingtogether最重要的不是赠予实物,而是聚在一起,相互分享开心的事。
选择B。
(4)细节理解题。
首先应该是人们得到邀请,之后戴着手套去他们家采摘蔬菜,吃饭,分享,并且获得新鲜的蔬菜,选择C。
(5)推理判断题。
tsomuchaboutthefood.Thetruegiftwasadayoffriendsgettingtogether最重要的不是赠予实物,而是聚在一起,相互分享开心的事,所以这件事情是极好的,有意义的。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。
阅读题首先要快速浏览一遍文章,特别是对首尾段的浏览,因为主旨通常暗藏在首尾段;
再带着问题有目的性地阅读,边读边找答案,通常问题的答案都暗含在原文中。
3.阅读下列短文,从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C
Intheoldtimes,therewasaking.Hehadaverybeautifulgarden.Inthegarden,therewasatreewithgoldenapplesonit.Butoneday,oneoftheappleswasmissing.Thekingdecidedtoorderapersontokeepwatchingthetreeatnight.
Thekinghadthreesons.Hedecidedtosendtheeldestonetowatchthetree.Butinthemiddleofthenight,theeldestsonfellasleep.Thenextmorning,anotherapplewasmissing.
Thesecondnight,thekingsentthesecondeldestson.Butthesecondeldestsonalsofellasleepatmidnight.Andanotherapplewasmissingthenextmorning.
Thethirdnight,thekingsenthisyoungestson.Theyoungestsonkeptwatchingthetree.Attwelveo'
clock,hesawabird.Itwasagoldenbird.Itpickedanappleandflewaway,butitleftagoldenfeather.Theyoungestsonpickeditup,andthenextmorning,hetookittotheking.Hetoldhisfatherwhathehadseenatnight.
Hearingthis,thekingwasveryhappy.Heorderedhisyoungestsontoguardthetreeeverynight.Hewantedhimtocatchthebird.However,intheend,theycouldn'
tcatchthebirdandallthegoldenapplesonthetreeweretakenawaybythegoldenbird.
(1)Beforethethirdnight,howmanyappleshavebeenmissing?
One
Two
Three
Four
(2)WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?
Itwasabirdthatstoletheapples.
Theyoungestsonfellasleepattwelveo'
clock.
Theyoungestsontriedtocatchthegoldenbirdbutfailed.
Thekingaskedtheyoungestsontobringthegol