商务礼仪英语中英文对照Word文档下载推荐.docx
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appropriately.We’veputtogetherthishandyguide,withtipsgatheredfromthebusinessetiquette,tohelpmakesurethatsomeonecallyououtatyournextbusinessmeal.
BeforetheMeal餐前礼仪
◇Shakehandswithallpresentatthetable.Ifnecessary,introduceyourself.Concentrateonrememberingyourhost/hostess’sname.与到场的客人握手致意,如果需要,介绍一下自己。
努力记住男女主人的姓名。
◇Remainstandinguntilhostsits.在主人落座之前保持站立。
◇Placeyournapkinonyourlapaftereveryoneisseatedandafteryourhosthasmovedhis/hernapkin.在所有人落座之后,主人展开餐巾,这时你也可以将餐巾展开平铺在膝盖以上部位。
◇Don’taskthewaitertoexplaineverythingonthemenu;
youwillannoyothersandappearindecisive.不要让侍者为你一一讲解菜单上的菜品,这样会招人讨厌而且显得你缺乏主见。
◇Letthehosttaketheleadwhenordering;
thiswillgiveyouanideaofwhattoeat.Ifthehostisn’tfirstinlinetoorder,thenaskforhis/herrecommendation.点餐时让主人先点,这样也可以给你一个参考。
如果主人不是第一个点餐的,那么你可以让他给你推荐。
◇Don’torderthemostexpensiveitemonthemenuanddon’torderanyunfamiliarfood.不要点菜单上最贵和最不常见的菜品。
◇Don’tdrinkalcohol;
ifyouchoosetodrink,limitittoonebeerorglassofwine.
DuringtheMeal进餐礼仪
◇Ifyourplaceissetwithmorethanonefork,beginfromtheoutsideandworkyourwayin.如果你面前摆了不止一把叉子,正确的顺序是由外到内依次使用。
◇Whenlookingattheplacesettinginfrontofyou,remember:
solidsonyourleft,liquidsonyourright.关于食物的摆放:
你餐桌的左前方应摆放固体食物(如面包盘),右前方应摆放液体(如水、冰茶、咖啡)。
◇Cutyourmeatormealonepieceatatime;
avoiddicingitintobite-sizedpiecesallatonce.切肉或其他食物时每次只切一小块,而不应一次性全切成小块。
◇Holdyourknifeorforkwiththethumbandthreefingers,keepingtheindexfingerextendedonthehandle.用拇指和另外三个手指拿刀叉,食指保持搭在手柄上。
◇Dokeepyourelbowsoffthetable.不要把手肘放在桌子上。
◇Whenyouspeak,putyoursilverwareonyourplate,notonthetable.讲话时,把餐具放在餐盘上,而不是餐桌上。
◇Don’tspeakwithyourmouthfull.满嘴食物的时候不要讲话。
◇Avoidtalkingaboutreligion,politicsandothercontroversial(有争议的)topics.用餐期间避免谈论关于宗教、政治以及其他争议性话题。
◇Maintaingoodeyecontact.与他人保持眼神交流。
◇Dotakeyourtimeeating,talkingandespeciallylisteningtoeveryoneatthetable.除了用餐,以及和别人交流,尤其要在餐桌上倾听别人。
◇Don’toverindulge;
thisisnotyourlastmeal.Anddon’tasktofinishanyoneelse’sfood.不要暴饮暴食,这不是最后一顿饭,也不要帮别人解决食物。
◇Don’tlickyourutensils(餐具)orfingers.不要舔餐具或手指。
◇Dosay“please”and“thankyou,”waitersdonotice.需要侍者帮助时,对他们说“请问……”和“谢谢”。
AftertheMeal餐后礼仪
◇Whenyouarefinishedeating,placetheknifeandforkprongs(尖部)downsidebysideontheplate;
thewaiterwillunderstandthisasthe“Iamfinished”position.用餐结束后,将刀叉头朝下放置在餐盘上,侍者见状就明白你已用餐完毕。
◇Don’targueoverthatcheckoroffertopaythetip;
thehostwhoinvitedyoumusttakecareofboth.不要抢着付账或小费,邀请你来用餐的主人一定会有所准备。
◇Don’tusetoothpicksinthepresenceoftheothers.不要在别人面前使用牙签。
◇Makesureyouthankthehostforthemeal.Shakehandsbeforeyouleaveandmaintaingoodeyecontact.务必感谢主人,临走前要与主人握手并直视对方的眼睛。
篇二:
中西方商务礼仪
DifferentBusinessEtiquettebetweenChinaandthe
West
I.Introduction
Businessetiquetteisakindofcivilizationaccumulationofhumanbecomesfixedduringthebusinesscommunication,beinghandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Itisalsoakindofstandardbehaviorobservedbythebusinessmenintheircommunication.Differentcountrieshavedifferentculturetraditions,sotheirbusinessetiquetteisalsodifferentfromoneanother.TherearegreatculturaldifferencesbetweentheculturalcoresofConfucianinChinaandthecoresofChristianintheWest,whichleadstosomedifferencesinthebusinessetiquettebetweenChinaandWest.
II.TheInfluenceofCulturalDifferencesonBusinessEtiquetteDifferencesBetweenChinaandtheWest
Generallyspeaking,thedifferencesonbusinessetiquettebetweenChinaandtheWestareinfluencedbyseveralculturalfactors,suchasvalues,viewoftime,viewofspace,viewofdiet,verbalhabitsandnonverbal.Thepapermainlyfocusesontimeandspaceapproach.
Fromtheapproachoftime
Thoreauoncesaid,“Ifamandoesnotkeeppacewithhiscompanions,perhapsitisbecausehehearsadifferentdrummer.”Now,weusethephrase“thebeatofadifferentdrummer”toexplainanydifferentpaceoflife.Theattitudestowardtimevaryfromculturetoculture.Anditisunderstandablethatpeopleofdifferentculturesholddifferentviewstowardtime.Whenitcomestointernationalbusiness,theviewoftimecanbedividedintotwotypes,suchasmonochromictimeandpolychromictime.Countriesthatfollowmonochromictimeperformonlyonemajoractivityatatime,whilecountriesobeyingpolychromictimeperformseveralactivitiessimultaneously.
TheUnitedStatesisamonochromicculture.Inmonochromicculture,timeisregardedassomethingtangible.Timeisseenaslinearandmanageable.Therefore,peopleconcentrateonthetaskathand,takingtimecommitmentsseriouslyandbeingaccustomedtoshort-termrelationships.Forexample,intheWest,timeisakindof
preciousandlimitedresource.Thebusinesspeopleattendthebusinessmeetingontime.Ifsomeonewaslate,hewouldbeconsideredtobelackofhonesty.Andthebusinesspeoplealwaysexpecttosolvetheirbusinessproblemswithintwentytothirtyminutes.Inmonochromiccultures,itisconsideredarudetodotwothingsatonce,suchasreadingajournalinameetingoransweringthetelephonewhilesomeoneisinyouroffice.Schedulesandkeepingappointmentsareconsistentwithvalueofpeopleinmonochromiccultures.
Chinesepeoplearetypicalexampleofpolychromiccultures.Chinesepeoplearewelladaptedtodoingseveralthingsatonceanddonotmindinterruptions.Intheiropinion,peoplearemoreimportantthanschedulestomembersofpolychromiccultures.Theirlifestyleislessorganizedthanthatofmonochromicpeople.Intheireyestimeisjustlikeacirclethatdoesnothavetheend.SoChinesepeoplearehighlydistractedandsubjecttointerruptions.Theyconsidertimetobecasualandflexible.Forexample,tomostChinesetoday,timesimplyflowsfromonedaytothenext.Ifajobisnotdonetoday,maybeitwillbedonethenextdayorthenext.Andthebusinessmeetingwouldgenerallylastforseveralhours.
ComparedwiththeWesterners,fewChineseequatetimewithmoney.WhenforeignbusinessmenarriveinChina,mostChinesewillmakethemsettledowninhotelsandgivethemanopportunitytorestup.BecauseChinesedonotexpectthemtoimmediatelyrushintobusiness.However,generallythisarrangementwillbepolitelybutfirmlyrejectedbyvisitors.WhenChineseareinvolvedininternationalbusiness,theywillgetfamiliarwiththeWesternconcept“timeismoney”.Buttheydonotautomaticallyrelateittothepaceofbusiness.
Besides,Chinesedonotpaymuchattentiontotheappointment.Sometimesevenifthereisanappointment,theChinesewouldnotsticktoitseriously.Whenpeopleofdifferentculturesinteract,misunderstandingsoftenariseasaresultofdifferenttimeview.Forinstance,intheWesterncountries,thebusinesscontactwouldbepre-arrangedwithinthreetofourweeks.Businesspeoplepre-arrangethebusinesscontactatleasttwoweeksinAmerica.TheappointmentisholytoAmericans.Inthebusinesscommunication,ifsomeoneaskstohaveabusinesscontactatthelast
minute,hewillbeconsideredtomaketroubleorinsulttheothers.Onthecontrary,theChinesepeoplepaymoreattentiontorelationship.Intheirbusinessactivity,ifthereisanimportantpersonneedtobecontacted,theycouldcanceltheprimaryappointmenttomeethim.ItisunacceptabletoAmericanbusinesspeople.ThisexampleshowstheculturaldifferencesintimesensebetweenChinaandtheWest.Anditbecomesincreasinglyimportantasmodernbusinesscommunicationsputmoreandmorebusinessmenindailycontact.Ifwearetoavoidmisunderstanding,weneedtoknowbetteraboutourownculturalbiasesandthoseofothers.
Fromtheapproachofspace
Space,isthephysicaldistancebetweenpeoplewhentheyareinteracting.Itisdeeplyinfluencedbyculture.Whenpeoplearehavingaconversation,thedistancebetweenthemchangesdramaticallyfromoneculturetoanother.
Generallyspeaking,therearefourzoneswhenpeopleinteract:
theintimatezone,thepersonalzone,thesocialzone,andthepubliczone.Theintimatezone,lessthanmeters,isreservedforaclosefriend.Anditappearsbrieflywhenthebusinesscolleaguesshakehands.Thepersonalzone,frommeterstometers,isusedforgivinginstructionstosomeoneinanoffice.Thesocialzone,fromto
meters,isusedforimpersonalandformalbusinessmeeting.Thepublicdistance,overmeters,isthemostformalzone.
AmericanstendtoneedmorespacesthanChinese.WhenhavingaconversationwithChinese,AmericanswillbackawayfortheChinesepartnerisstandingtooclose.StandingtooclosetosomeoneintheUnitedStatesmayleaveabadimpressionontheothers,asitimpliesthepersonisupset,overbearing,orheismakingsexualadvances.ThesenegativepositionsshouldbeavoidedintheUnitedStates.InChina,peopleprefertostandclosetoeachotherandtheythinkitisanormalandfriendlywaytocommunicatewitheachother.
Besides,thearrangementofdesks,chairs,andconferencetablealsofeaturethedifferentstylesofcommunication.WhentheUnitedStatespeopleareconversing,theyprefertheface-to-facearrangementofchairswhereastheChinesepreferside-by-sidearrangement.Theylikethisarrangementbecausetheycouldavoiddi