定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句 1Word下载.docx
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When=in/on/during/at…+which
主语/宾语
That/which
地点
场合
地点状语
Where=in/on/at…+which
Reason
原因状语
Why=forwhich
(非限制性定语从句只能用forwhich)
Way
方式状语
That/inwhich/省略
Point,situation,condition,stage,case…
Where=inwhich
Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)
Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.(that作宾语)
2.which
Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.(作主语)
Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.(作宾语)
3.who指人在从句中做主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:
TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.
翻译:
4.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常用who代替,可省略。
Mr.LingisjustthemanwhomIwanttosee.
5..whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
(1)
He
has
a
friend
whose
father
is
doctor.
(2)
I
once
lived
in
house
roof
fallen
in.
(3)
The
classroom
door
broken
will
soon
be
repaired.
(4)
the
of
which
(5)
Do
you
like
book
cover
yellow?
(6)
color
2.关系词只能用that的情况:
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时;
Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代词时;
Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?
你在商店里有什么要买的东西吗?
c.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few等词修饰时;
ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人和物时;
IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
1.Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithourteacher?
先行词是,关系代词是,指(人/物),在定语从句中作语。
2.ThisisthedoctorwhomIsawyesterday.
3.Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisblue?
4.I’velostthepenwhichIlikebest.
5.Thepersonthattelephonedmeisareporter
做题思路:
1、首先要分清主句与从句;
2、然后找出先行词
3、分析从句中缺少什么成分;
4、再看先行词指人,还是指物;
5、在此基础上,选定恰当的关系代词。
1.
Theman____isstandingthereismyfather.
A.who
B.whom
C.which
2.Thegirl______coatisrediswaitingatthegate
A.who’sB.whoseC.thatofwhich.
3.Thatistheday______I'
llneverforget.
A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when
4.Whowastheman_____spoketoyoujustnow?
A.
who
C.that
5.Itisthebestfilm____shehaseverseen.
that
B.which
C.when
6.
Chinaisacountry_____hasalonghistory.
who
B.which
C.
where
7.Theboy___Italkedwithjustnowismybestfriend.
A.who
C.where
8.WeknowJackieChan___moviesarevery
popularwiththeyoung.
A.whose
B.that
C.who
D.which
9.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what
10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.
A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich
填上适合的关系代词并指出在句子中作什么成分。
Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.
2.
Thisisthebook
youwant.
3.Ioncelivedinahouse
windowwasbroken.
4.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.
5.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.
6.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow?
7.I’mwaitingforthewomanwithyoutalkedjustnow.
8.Thetowninhelivesisfarfromhere.
9Thisisthebiggestbuilding________wehaveeverbuiltinourschool.
10.Thisisthesecondschool________Iusedtoworkat,andmanystudentstherestillhavecontactwithme.
定语从句
(二)---关系副词的用法
一.概述
定语从句中的关系副词是where,when和why,
1.when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语
eg.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.
2.where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语
eg.ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.
3.why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语
eg.
Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyouarelate.
其中why的用法比较固定,通常先行词必须是thereason,when和where的用法要求有两点,第一,先行词分别表示时间和地点,第二,一定要在从句中作状语,否则即使先行词是指时间地点的也不能用when和where。
二.关系副词=介词+关系代词
关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
why=forwhichwhere=in/atwhichwhen=in/on/duringwhich:
1.Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.
2.Idon’tknowtheyearwhen/inwhichhewenttoschool.
3.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhich./whereIwasborn.
三.判断关系代词与关系副词的辨别:
方法一:
用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
不及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词;
而及物动词后接宾语,则要求用关系代词。
ThisisthevillagewhereIstayedlastyear.
I'
llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.
方法二:
准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?
Isthisthemuseum____youvisited?
A.
where B.that C.
onwhich
1.Thatisthetown______hewasborn.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.why
Is
this
factory
__________
he
worked
ten
years
ago?
thatB.
whereC.
whichD.
one
3.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim?
A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone
4.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who
5.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?
A.whoB.who'
sC.whichD.whose
6.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.
A.when;
whichB.which;
whenC.what;
thatD.onwhich;
when
7.Thisisthereason______hedidn'
tcometothemeeting.
A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich
8.
Thehouse
Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
9.Thehouse
Ilivedintenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
10.Idon’tknowthereason
helooksunhappytoday.
考点一:
关系代词who,whom,whose的选择:
1.Thisistheman_____oftenhelpsyou.
2.Heisthestudent_______compositionwonthefirstprize.
3.Don’tgetclosetothehouse_____roofisunderrepair.
4.Thepersonwith_______Ishookhandsismyteacher.
考点二:
关系代词和关系副词的选择:
1.①Thisisthemarket_____youcanbuymanythings.
②Thisisthemarket_____sellsallkindsofthings.
2.
(1)There’sonepoint_____wemustinsiston.
(2)Shereachedapoint____shewassupposedtomakedecisionsofherown.
3.
(1)Ididn’tbelievethereason_____heexplainedtome.
(2)Ididn’tbelievethereason____hewentthere.
4.It’sajob____youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
It’sajob_______Idislike
5.Therewasatime____Ihatedtogotoschool.
非限制性定语从句
Revision
定语从句(attributiveclauses)通常由关系代词或关系副词引出。
常见的关系代词有:
__________(指物),____________(既可指人又可指物),_______指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语),_________(指人,在定语从句中作宾语),_______(指人或物,作定语)等。
关系副词有:
________(指时间),_________(指地点),_________(指原因)等。
用适合的关系代词或副词填空
1.Isatnexttoagirl__________namewasDina.
2.Students_______donotmakegooduseoftheirtimemayfailtheirexams.
3.Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudents_________weeverhad.
4.Wetalkaboutpoemsandpoets_______welike.
5.Doyouremembertheday______weleftyouincharge?
6.Doyouremembertheday________wespenttogether?
7.Idon'
tknowthereason________thehouseissodirty.
8.Idon'
tbelievethereason________hegaveus.
9.Welearninaclassroom________windowsarebroken.
10.Yueyangistheplace__________Iwasborn.
非限制性定语从句定义
定语从句分为限制性定语从句(restrictive)和非限制性定语从句(non-restrictive)两种。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,与先行词之间一般不加逗号;
非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
Non-restrictiveattributiveclauses:
1.I’mtakingweight-losspillscalledFat-Less,whicharequitepopularamongyoungwomenhere.
2.It’sthesameinChina—manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweightatall,arealwaysgoingondietortakingweight-losspills,whichareoftendangerous.
Example1
1.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.
2.Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingrapidly.
Conclusion1
当先行词是地名、人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时,通常只用______定语从句修饰。
Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
2.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。
1.__________从句与先行词关系密切,是先行词不可缺少的部分,如果去掉它,主句意思往往不明确。
2.非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充或说明,去掉它也_________影响主句的意思。
注意:
非限制性定语从句,不可that引导非限制性定语从句考点归纳:
as和which引导非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句。
Example:
1.Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.众所周知,中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
2.Sheisateacher,asisclearfromhermanner.她是个教师,这一点从她的举止可以清楚地看出。
3.Hemissedtheshow,whichwasreallyagreatpity.他错过了演出,这真是很大的遗憾。
1.as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,as和which可代替整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat。
2.as和which引导非限制性定语从句的不同之处在于:
(1)as引导的定语从句可置于__________,而which引导的定语从句不可放在句首。
as引导非限制性从句,常带有“正如”的意思。
Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_____cameasasurprise.
2.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.
3.__isexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.
4.__wecansee,thesmokecamefromthelittledustbin.
5.Theairqualityinthecity,_____isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.
A.thatB.itC.asD.what
II.all/some/of+whom/which引导非限制性定语从句
Hehastoldusmanystories,allofwhichareaboutthefamousLongMatch.
2.ThestudentsofClass1,someofwhomcamefromJapan,wentcampingyesterday.
Conclusion在非限制性定语从句中,一些表达数量或定位的数词或代词如all/some/one/both/neither/none/any/either/any等可与of构成介词词组修饰限制先行词,此时先行词在其后的定语从句中作介词的宾语,关系代词不可用that。
如先行词指人则用______,如先行词指物则用_____引导