高考英语 阅读微技能训练 文化类Word格式文档下载.docx

高考英语 阅读微技能训练 文化类Word格式文档下载.docx

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•Notlisteningornotpayingattentioninlessons.

•Wearingunsuitableclothes.

HerearesomeofthewaysthatUKschoolchildrencanbepunished.

•Exclusion:

apupilisaskedtoleavetheschoolandnotcomeback.Thepupilhastofindanewschooloradifferentmethodofeducation.

•Suspension:

apupilcannotenterthebuildingorattendlessonsuntiltheschoolhasameetingabouttheirsituation.Suspensioncanlastfromoneto45days.Thepupilisusuallygivenworktodoathomewithaspecialteacher.

•Detention:

apupilisaskedtostayafterschoolandworkfor30-60minutesbeforetheycanleave.

•Lines:

apupilhastowriteasentencemanytimes（e.g.100ormore）onasheetofpaper,e.g.“Imustnotshoutinclass.”

FreyaMacDonald,a15-year-oldpupilfromScotland,madethenewswhensherefusedtoacceptherschool’spunishment.Herfamilysaysthatshewasgiven11detentionsfortrivialthingssuchashavingfizzydrinksinclassandcomingintoschoolthroughafiredoor.

FreyasaysthatrepeateddetentionsdisruptedherrighttoaneducationunderScottishlawandmadeitdifficultforhertolearn.Sherefusedtoreturnuntiltheschoolrespectedhercivilrights.Shewantstheheadmasterandherteacherstosignalettertopromisethis.HundredsofschoolsinScotlandweretoldnottousedetentionasapunishmentbecauseofherlegalaction.

ManyUKschoolsnowgiveparentsahome/schoolcontract,explainingtheirdisciplineandrules.Parentsmustsignthisdocumenttoagreethattheyaccepttheschool’srulesanddisciplineandthattheyareresponsiblefortheirchild’sbehaviour.

1.Whatisthetext’smainpurpose?

A.TointroducecommontypesofbadbehaviorinUKschools.

B.ToshowhowUKschoolsreformtheirschoolrules.

C.ToinformreadersofhowUKschoolsdisciplineandpunishstudents.

D.ToanalyzewhyanincreasingnumberofpupilsbreakschoolrulesintheUK.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.Playingtruantmeansusingbadlanguage.

B.YoucanwearanythingyouwanttoschoolintheUK.

C.Ifachildissuspended,theywillmissschoolwork.

D.ExclusionisthemostseriouspunishmentUKstudentscangetatschools.

3.WhatdidFreyadowhentheschoolgaveherdetention?

A.Sheforcedherteacherstosignaletteragreeingtorespecthercivilrights.

B.Sheusedthelawtoargueforhercivilrighttoaneducation.

C.Sheaskedherparentstotalkherteachersintocancelingthepunishment.

D.Shearguedthatshehadn’tdoneanythingwrongandrefusedtoreturntoschool.

4.Accordingtothetext,thehome/schoolcontractmany

UKschoolsgiveparentsisusedto______.

A.helpparentslearnmoreabouttheirchild’sperformanceatschool

B.makeparentsreachanagreementwiththeschoolaboutschoolrules

C.remindparentsthatit’stheirdutytoteachtheirchildrenschoolrules

D.askparentstobemoreresponsibleandshowmorecaretotheirchildren

[语言类Example]

Slangisveryinformallanguagewhichisoftenusedbyyoungpeople.It’shardtokeepuptodatewithitasnewwordsandphrasesappearandevolve.Livinginamulticulturalsocietyhasaneffectonlanguage,especiallyontheyoung,whosefriendsareoftenfromamixofbackgrounds.TVandmusicalsohaveabigimpact.Acompletelistofslangisdifficulttomake;

bythetimeitwasfinished,thelistwouldbeoutofdate!

However,hereareafewexamples:

“Safe”,“sorted”,“sound”,“cool”or“wicked”allmean“That’sgood”or“Iun

derstand”.

Insteadofusingdifferenttagquestionslike“…isn’tit?

”,“…can’tyou?

”or“…don’tthey?

”,peopleuse“innit”.

Forexample,“Hecandancereallywell,innit!

”（=Hecandancereallywell,can’the?

）or“Theyalwayssaythat,innit.”（=Theyalwayssaythat,don’tthey?

）.

Insteadofsaying“very”,“really”or“completely”use“well”,e.g.“I’mwelltired”or“Yougotitwellwrong!

”

“Whatever”means“Idon’tcare”,e.g.A:

“Buttheteachersayswecan’tleaveuntilwe’vefinished.”B:

“Whatever.I’mgoing.”

“He’sfine”or“he’sfit”bothmean“He’sgood-looking”.“Fine”and“fit”candescribeaboyoragirl.

Noteverybodyusesslangandnoteverybodylikesit.AschoolinthenorthofEnglandrecentlytolditspupilstostopusingslangwordssuchas“hiya”（hello）,“cheers”and“ta”（bothmean“thankyou”）iftheywantedtogetaplaceatuniversityoragoodjob.

WhenBritishpeopleuselanguagelikethis,it’snosurprisethatsomesaytheycan’tunderstandnativespeakers.Butperhapslearnersdon’tneedtoworrysomuch.ResearchshowsthatmostoftheEnglishspokenaroundtheworldtodayisbetweennon-nativespeakersofthelanguage.

So,howimportantisittounderstandtheseslangwordsandexpressions?

IfyouwatchfilmsorTVinEnglish,readmagazinesinEnglish,chatonlineinEnglishorareinterestedinEnglishsonglyrics,thenunderstandingslangcanbeveryuseful.Youprobablywon’tseemuchslanginyourEnglishexamination,though.

5.It’shardtomakeacompletelistofslangmainlybecause______.

A.manywordsareoutdatedB.itismostlyusedbyyoungpeople

C.modernslangchangesveryquicklyD.itcomesfromdifferentculturalbackgrounds

6.Whichofthefollowingmeans“Iunderstand”accordingtothetext?

A.Sorted.B.InnitC.Whatever.D.Cheers.

7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.Slangpreventslanguagefromevolving.

B.TVandmusicarechannelsthroughwhichslangisspread.

C.“Fit”isonlyusedtodescribeboysintheUK.

D.SlanghasfounditswayintoformalwrittenEnglish.

8.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?

A.Knowinglittleslangdoesn’tgreatlyaffectone’scommunication.

B.ManyUKschoolsareencouragingstudentstouseslang.

C.ItisessentialforEnglishlearnerstostudysomeBritishslang.

D.MoreEnglishisspokenbynativespeakersthanbynon-nativespeakers.

[饮食类Example]

VegetarianismisincreasingintheUKasmoreandmorepeoplechoose

nottoeatmeatandanimalproducts.AccordingtotheVegetarianSociety,2,000peoplearegivingupmeatand“goingveggie”inBritaineveryweek.There’sevena“NationalVegetarianWeek”organisedeveryyeartoencouragepeopletotryameat-freelifestyle.

Vegetariansandvegans

Arecentpollestimatedthatthreemillionpeople（5.7percentofthepopulation）arevegetarian.Vegetarians（peoplewhodon’teatmeat）andvegans（peoplewhodon’teatoruseanyanimalproducts）arebecomingincreasinglycommonintheUK.VisitaBritishsupermarketandyouwillseeawiderangeofvegetarianingredientsandpreparedmealsontheshelves,includingvegetariansausagesandvegancheese.

Ahealthydiet

SowhyareBritonscuttingoutmeat?

Manyareunhappyaboutthepoortreatmentofanimalsandtheeffectsofmeatandfishproductionontheenvironment.Worriesaboutfoodsafety（forexampleBSEor“madcowdisease”）alsoplayapart.Otherschoosetochangetheireatinghabitstoimprovetheirgeneralhealth.AccordingtotheVegetarianSociety,ameat-freedietcanhelpreducetheriskofcertaincancersandheartdisease,aswellasobesityandhighbloodpressure.

Organicfarming

AnotherrisingtrendisinhowUKfoodisproduced.ManypeoplearerejectingGM（geneticallymodified）foodandintensive（密集的）farmingpractices.Theywanttheirfoodtobeorganicallyproduced.Organicfarmersuseveryfewornochemicals,pesticidesorfertilizersandorganicmeatisproducedwithouttheuseofdrugsandantibiotics.Organicallyf

armedanimalsalsohavemorelivingspaceandmorenutritiousfood.

Organicfood

AccordingtotheSoilAssociation,threeoutofeveryfourUKhouseholdsnowbuysometypeoforganicfood.Somegetorganicmeat,fruitandvegetablesfromfarmers’markets,whereproductsaresolddirectlytotheconsumer.Othershaveaboxoforganicfruitandvegetablesdeliveredtotheirhomeseveryweek.Manypeoplebuyorganicproduceintheirlocalsupermarket.Althoughit’softenmoreexpensive,fansoforganicfoodsayittastesmuchbetter!

FormorefunactivitiestohelpyoulearnEnglish:

http:

//learnenglish.britishcouncil.org

9.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.ToanalyzethebenefitsofUKpeople’smeat-freelifestyle.

B.TointroducethechangesinUKpeople’sdiets.

C.ToencouragereaderstogoveggielikeBritishpeople.

D.ToinformusofthepopularityoforganicfoodinBritain.

10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.Vegetariansandvegansdon’teatoruseanyanimalproducts.

B.Everydaythereareabout200peoplewhoquiteatingmeatintheUK.

C.Morethan10percentoftheUKpopulationarenoweatingmeat-freediets.

D.VegetarianandorganicfoodissoldinmanyBritishsupermarkets.

11.WhatarethereasonsbehindthegrowingpopularityofvegetarianismintheUKaccordingtothetext?

a.Foodsafety.b.Healthconcerns.c.Compassionforanimals.

d.Adsforvegetarianfoodeverywhere.e.Worriesabouttheenvironment.

f.Influencefrompeersandcelebrities.

A.a,b,c,eB.b,c,d,eC.a,b,d,fD.a,c,e,f

12.Whatcanweconcludefromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Organicfarmingismoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanintensivefarming.

B.Organicfoodiswellreceivedbecauseofitsrelativelylowpriceandgoodtaste.

C.Becauseitusesveryfewchemicals,pesticidesorfertilisers,GMfoodisapopularch