新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习考点集训四十九书面表达Word格式.docx
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ssideinthehospitalroom.Iheldherhandandtalkedtoher.Itoldherthatwestillneededher.Itoldherthatitwasn'
ttimetoleaveyet.ItoldherhowmuchIlovedher.AndItoldherthatherlittlegranddaughter,Amelia,believedthatshe'
dgetbetter.Thedoctors,withalltheiryearsoftrainingandexperience,offerednohopeforrecovery.Thedamagewassimplytooextensive.
Then,acoupleofweekslater,anoddthinghappened.Momwokeup.Sheregainedconsciousness.Perseveredthroughalongandtoughrecovery,duringwhichshehadtolearntowalk,read,andwritealloveragain,andeventuallyreturnedhometoDad.Theonlyonewhowasn'
tshockedwasAmelia.Thedoctorscouldn'
texplainit.Ameliadidn'
tneedto.Hopecameasnaturallytoherasbreathings.
Sowhyarewesoafraidtohopesometimes?
Maybeit'
sbecauseovertheyear,life'
sdisappointmentscanturnustodisillusionment（理想破灭）.Howmanytimeshaveyouheardsomeonesay:
“Hopeforthebest,expecttheworst”？
That'
snotreallyhopeatall.
Hopeisbeingabletolookatourworldwithallofthejoyandwonderofachild.
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
Doctorswerepessimisticaboutmymother’sstrokewhilemylittledaughter,Amelia,fullofhope.（要点1）IpassedonAmelia'
shopewhenourfamilygatheredtobidfarewelltoherinhospital.（要点2）Incredibly,sherecoveredandcamebackhomeafteraperiodofrestoration.EveryonewasastonishedexceptAmelia.（要点3）Hopedoesbringpeopleintroubleamazement.（要点4）
2
ThedrugstorewasclosingforthenightandAlfredHigginswasabouttogohomewhenhisnewbossapproachedhim.
“Emptyyourpocketsplease,Alfred，”SamCarrdemandedinafirmvoice.
Alfredpretendedtobeshockedbutheknewhe'
dbeencaught.Fromhiscoathewithdrewamake upkit,alipstickandtwotubesoftoothpaste.
“I'
mdisappointedinyou,Alfred！
”saidthelittlegray hairedman.
“Sorry,Sir.Pleaseforgiveme.I'
veneverdonesuchathingbefore.”Alfredlied,hopingtogaintheoldman'
ssympathy.
MrCarr'
sbrowfurrowed（皱眉）ashereachedforthephone,“Doyoutakemeforafool?
Let'
sseewhatthepolicehavetosay.ButfirstI'
llcallyourmotherandletherknowhersonisheadingtojail.”
“Dowhateveryouwant，”Alfredshotback,tryingtosoundbig.Butdeepdownhefeltlikeachild.Heimaginedhismotherrushingin,eyesburningwithanger,maybeintears.YethewantedhertocomequicklybeforeMr.Carrcalledthepolice.
Mr.CarrwassurprisedwhenMrsHigginsfinallyarrived.Shewasverycalm,quietandfriendly.“IsAlfredintrouble？
”sheasked.
“He'
sbeenstealingfromthestore，”theoldmancoollyreplied.
Mrs.HigginsputoutherhandandtouchedMr.Carr'
sarmwithgreatgentlenessasifsheknewjusthowhefelt.Shespokeasifshedidnotwanttocausehimanymoretrouble.“Whatdoyouwanttodo,Mr.Carr？
”
Thewoman'
scalmandgentlemannerdisarmedtheonceangrystoreowner.“Iwasgoingtogetacop.ButIdon'
twanttobecruel.Tellyoursonnottocomebackhereagain,andI'
llletitgo.”ThenhewarmlyshookMrs.Higgins'
shand.
Mrs.Higginsthankedtheoldmanforhiskindness,thenmotherandsonleft.Theywalkedalongthestreetinsilence.Whentheyarrivedhomehismothersimplysaid,“Gotobed,youfool.”
Inhisbedroom,Alfredheardhismotherinthekitchen.Hefeltnoshame,onlyprideinhismother'
sactions.“Shewassmooth！
”hethought.Hewenttothekitchentotellherhowgreatshewas,butwasshockedbywhathesaw.
Hismother'
sfacelookedfrightened,broken.Notthecool,brightfacehesawearlier.Herlipsmovednervously.Shelookedveryold.Thereweretearsinhereyes.
Thispictureofhismothermadehimwanttocry.Hefelthisyouthending.Hesawallthetroubleshebroughtherandthedeeplinesofworryinhergreyface.Heseemedtohaveneverreallyseenhismotherlikethat.
Thestoryisaboutaboymaturingovernight.（要点1）AdrugstoreownerfoundsomethingstolenbyAlfredandcalledhismother.Surprisingly,themothertookthiscalmlyandthebossdecidedtoletthisgo.（要点2）Athome,hewasabouttoshowhisprideinthemother'
scalmnesswhenhesawadeeply worriedmother,whichgreatlyshockedhim.（要点3）
ThePossibleHealthDangersofAirconditioners
Althoughmanyofusmayfeelairconditionersbringrelieffromhot,humidorpollutedoutsideair,theyposemanypotentialhealthhazards.Muchresearchhaslookedathowthemovementofairinsideaclosedenvironment—suchasanofficebuilding—canspreaddiseaseorexposepeopleinthebuildingtoharmfulchemicals.
OneofthemorewidelypublicizeddangersisthatofLegionnaire'
sdisease,whichwasfirstrecognizedinthe1970s.Thiswasfoundtohaveaffectedpeopleinbuildingswithairconditioningsystemsinwhichwarmairpumpedoutofthesystem'
scoolingtowerswassomehowsuckedbackintotheairintake,inmostcasesduetopoordesign.Thewarmair,filledwithbacteria,wascombinedwithcooled,conditionedairandwasthencirculatedaroundvariouspartsofthebuilding.Studiesshowedthatevenpeopleoutsidesuchbuildingswereatriskiftheywalkedpastairexhaustpipes.
Largeairconditioningsystemsaddwatertotheairtheycirculatebymeansofhumidifiers.Inoldersystems,thewaterusedforthisprocessiskeptinspecialreservoirs,thebottomsofwhichprovidebreedinggroundsforbacteriawhichcanfindtheirwayintotheventilationsystem.Therisktohumanhealthfromthissituationhasbeenhighlightedbythefactthattheimmunesystemsofapproximatelyhalfofworkersinair conditionedofficebuildingshavedevelopedtheabilitytofightofftheorganismsfoundatthebottomofsystemreservoirs.Butchemicalscalled“biocides”areaddedtoreservoirstomakethemgerm free,andtheyaredangerousintheirownrightinsufficientquantities,astheyoftencontaincompoundsstronglylinkedtocancers.
Finally,itshouldbepointedoutthattheartificialclimaticenvironmentcreatedbyairconditionerscanalsoaffectus.Inanaturalenvironment,whetherindoororoutdoor,therearesmallvariationsintemperatureandhumidity.Indeed,thehumanbodyhaslongbeenaccustomedtothesenormalchanges.Inanairconditionedlivingorworkingenvironment,however,bodytemperaturesremainwellunder37℃，ournormaltemperature.Thisleadstoaweakenedimmunesystemandthusgreaterexposuretodiseasessuchascoldsandflu.
Airconditionersbringmanypotentialhealthrisks.（要点1）First,airconditionerswillleadtoLegionnaire'
sdisease,causedbybacteriainthewarmairbeingcirculatedduetopoordesignofthesystem.（要点2）Second,chemicalsusedtokillbacteriainthereservoirarerelatedtocancers.（要点3）Third,people'
simmunesystemisweakenedduetotheartificialclimaticenvironment.（要点4）
Highschoolexittestsareteststhatstudentsmustpasstograduatefromhighschool.Inthelastfewyears,however,anumberofstatesinAmericahavedroppedthem.Althoughsomestatesstillusethemfordiplomas,thenumberisdownfromahighof27statesduringthetestingcrazepromotedbyNoChildLeftBehind（NCLB）．
Theappearanceofthisphenomenonissmallwonder.Researchesclearlyshowthatexittestshavelittlepositiveeffectsonstudents.A2014reportfoundexittestingwasassociatedwithlowergraduationrates,negativelyaffectedlabormarketoutcomes,and,mostalarmingly,produceda12.5percentincreaseinincarceration（监禁）rates.Exitexams,thestudyconcluded,hadtendedtoaddlittlevalueformoststudents.
Exittestingreliesonthefollowingassumptions.Oneisthatstandardizedtestingcanserveasakindof“qualitycontrol”forhighschoolgraduates,guaranteeingthatgraduatesarecollegeready.Theotheristhattheyhavepredictingvalueforfuturesuccessinacademicsituations.
Butthereislittleevidence.Thetestsdon'
texactlymeasurewhattheypretendtomeasure.Forexample,qualitiessuchasintelligence,academicability,collegereadinessarenotdetermined.Thosethatshouldbedevelopedinallyoungpeople,likeresponsibility,criticalthinking，andempathy（移植），arenotmeasured，either.Evensupportersofexitte
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