北京理工大学新世纪研究生英语教程第五版课后习题答案Word下载.docx

北京理工大学新世纪研究生英语教程第五版课后习题答案Word下载.docx

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3.C

4.A

5.D

6.A

7.A

8.B

1.sank

2.vulnerable

3.fueling

4.notwithstanding

5.understated

6.dire

7.overwhelmed

8.grease

9.faring

10.cuttingedge

Task5

Suggestedanswers:

1.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,intheUnitedStates,thereareover110millioncarsand15millioncommercialvehiclesortrucks.And"

morepeople"

means"

morecars"

.Bytheendofthetwentiesofthetwenty-firstcentury,thepopulationoftheUnitedStateswillhavedoubledthatoftodayandthenumberofautomobileswillbedoubledaswell.Andintwentyyears'

timethepercapitaincomewillalsobe2.5timeshigherthanitisnow.Ifthisincreasedincomeisspentonmoreandlargerautomobiles,largerhouses,andincreasedconsumptionofothermaterialgoods,theresultscouldcausecatastrophicresourceexhaustion,andpollution.

Unit6TextATheMythofthePaperlessOffice

1.preciousspace,oneplace,indexlinkingability.

2.hot;

actedon;

warm;

urgency;

cold;

immediateattention

3.annoyances/disadvantages;

fuzzy;

glare;

scroll;

fixed

4.listening;

talking;

comfort;

subtleclues;

promptreporting;

revising

5.selling;

desire;

takingcontrol;

overwhelmed

6.First,paperhassomehiddenadvantagesovercomputersespeciallyinthefollowingthreeaspects—reading,writingandpersonalsatisfactionindelivery.Furthermore,computerscan'

treplacepapercompletelyinsomeactivitiessuchasair-trafficcontrolandwritinguppolicereports.

1.Theauthorstatesatthebeginningofthearticlethatdespitetheemergenceoftechnologiesandthepredictionofpaperlessofficebymanypeopleforseveraldecades,westillrelyheavilyonpaperinourdailylives.ThenheuseshisownanalysisandwhatSellenandHarperhavediscoveredashisprooftoillustratewhyhumanbeingsstillcannotstopusingpaper.BycitingSellenandHarper'

sdescriptionofthelayoutoffilesonatypicaldeskinanoffice,theauthorillustratesthatpaperhassomehiddenadvantagesovercomputersespeciallyinthefollowingthreeaspects—reading,writingandpersonalsatisfactionindelivery.Furthermore,heanalyzestwoactivities—air-trafficcontrolandwritinguppolicereportsstudiedbySellenandHarper,whichhasrevealedthatinthesetwoactivitiescomputerscan'

treplacepapercompletely.Thenhesuggeststworeasonsforsuchachimeraaspaperlessoffice,andfinally,statesthatatleastfornowpaperlessofficelooksbothunlikelyandpointless.

1.A

2.C

3.A

4.B

5.C

6.B

7.C

8.D

9.D

10.A

1.onthehorizon

2.layhandson

3.glare

4.thumbthrough

5.flickingthrough

6.fallshortin

7.compromised

8.unfolded

9.streamline

10.comesdownto

Suggestedanswers:

1.Overalongperiodoftime,electronicmediais/areunlikelytoreplacesuchtraditionalmediaaspaper.Firstofall,notanyonecanaffordtohaveacomputerandcanlogon/surftheInternetatanyplaceduetofinancialfactors,geographicalconditionsandvariousotherfactors.Inaddition,theverificationofsomeimportantcontactsrequiresuniqueauthenticity.Anyphotocopyandduplicationisineffective.What'

smore,oneperson'

shandwritingcontainsparticularinformationwhichcannotbereplacedbydigitalmedia.

Unit7TextACompetitionIsDestructive

1.underminesself-esteem;

poisonsrelationships;

holdsusback;

2.aspecifiedcontribution;

acertainscore;

atimelimit;

3.workingtogether;

workswith/feelwarmly/half;

4.otherway/alternative;

self-doubt;

dependenton;

5.thestructure;

theindividuals;

competition;

1.SuggestedSummary

Byusingthegameofmusicalchairs,theauthorillustratesthatcompetitionisdestructivenotonlyinourdailyworkbutalsoinentertainments.Itisimportantandpossibletochangetheformofthegamebywayofturninganopponentintoapartner:

Everyoneonthefieldcanworktogetherforacommongoal（teamwork）insteadofcompetingwitheachother（teamcompetition）.Cooperativegamesandsportsprovidesatisfactionandchallengewithoutcompetition.Thereasonthatalargenumberofpeopleinsistthatwecan'

tdowithoutwin/loseactivitiesisthattheydon'

tknowanyotherwayandthattheyoverlookthepsychologicalcostsofcompetitionandthetoxiceffectofcompetitiononourrelations.Competitionisnotconducivetotrustanditmayleadonetolookatothersthroughnarrowedeyesandeveninviteoutrightaggression.Weareinclinedtoblameindividualsforallthis,butitisthestructureofthegameitselfwhichcausescompetition.Tosolvetheproblemofcompetition,weneedtobeteachingourchildrenhowtoenjoythemselveswithoutcompetition.

2.B

7.D

8.C

9.B

10.C

1.competedagainst

2.benign

3.triumphedover

4.attributed

5.outdid

6.misplace

7.overlook

8.amsuspiciousof

9.weredetested

10.erupt

1."

Competition"

usuallybringsoutthebestinpeople,astheystrivetobetopintheirfield,whetherinsport,communityaffairs,politicsorwork.Infact,fairandfriendlycompetitionoftenleadstonewsportingachievements,scientificinventionsoroutstandingeffortinsolvingacommunityproblem.Whencompetitionbecomesunfriendlyorbitter,though,conflictcanbegin-andthiscanbringouttheworstinpeople.

Unit10Whywestriveforstatus

1.Whatisthewriter'

sattitudeinthesentence"

Thedrivefordominanceskewsourperception,colorsourfriendships,shapesourmoodsandaffectsourhealth"

?

（para.2）

Theauthortakesanegativeattitude.Usually,theverbscolor,shapeandaffectareneutralinindicatingmeanings,butinthiscontexttheyexpressnegativemeanings.

2.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence"

Ifthetendencyshoweduponlyincertainsocieties,itwouldbeeasiertodismissassomethingwelearn"

（para.4）

Iftherelentlessone-upmanshipwereonlylimitedwithinveryfewsamplegroups,itwouldbeeasilyneglectedbecausewecouldonlyregardthatasanexception.

3.Inwhichwaydozoologistssupporttheanthropologicalpointonthebiologicallyendowedone-upmanship?

Anthropologistspointoutthatthesamepatterncanbeseeneverywherewhilethezoologistsshowawidevarietyofanimalsinferiorandsuperiorwhichillustratethesamepatterntoo.

4.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenmenbeingpowerfulandpowerless?

Menwhoachievehighstatusenjoymoresexwithmorepartnerswheresasmenwhoarejustunemployedmaylosetheirmarriagesaswellasself-esteem.

5.Inwhichwaysaremodernmenthesameas,andalsodifferentfromGenghisKhan?

ModernmenarethesameasGenghisKhaninthattheyallstriveforhighstatus,butdifferentinthatmodernmentendtorulebyconsentandtrytoavoidfighting.

6.Domalesalwayshavetofightforpower?

Whyorwhynot?

Notnecessarily,forthemostdurableleadersaretheoneswhogovernbyconsentandtrytoavoidfighting.

Unit13Givingcreditwheredebtisdue

1.HowmanycreditcardsdoestheaverageAmericanhave?

4.

2.Whatisa"

sub-prime"

borrower?

Peoplewhohaveabadcredithistory.

3.Whatwerethespendinghabitsofpeopleinthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies?

Peopleregardeddebtinaverynegativeway.Theyalwaystriedtopayofftheirdebtsinatimelymanner.

4.HowhascreditcardspendingchangedintheUnitedStatessincethe1960s?

Inthe1960smostborrowerspaidofftheircreditcardbalancesmonthly.Sincethen,manypeoplehaveamassedcreditcarddebt.

Unit1

我静静地躺着，等待着。

突然，窗外的生机引起了我的注意：

昆虫在合鸣；

邻居坐在阳台上，直到深夜，他们说话的声音有些模糊，那声音让我平静下来。

我闻到了新割的青草的气息。

还有一种说不清的声音--可能是树枝扫过隔壁店铺的屋顶吧。

Lyingstill,waiting,Isuddenlynoticethelifeoutsidethewindow.Thebugssinginchorus.Neighbors,sittingontheirverandasuntillate,speakinhazywordswithsandededgesthatsootheme.Icatchthescentoffreshgrassclippings.ThenIhearsomethingIcan'

tdecode-perhapsatreebranc