大学体验英语 视听说4听力材料及课后答案文档格式.docx

大学体验英语 视听说4听力材料及课后答案文档格式.docx

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talkabouttheimpactofstressonyourphysicalandespeciallymentalhealth,andthewaystodealwithstressthroughguidedactivities

conductapollon“StressonCampus”withyourpeers

pickupusefulwordsandexpressions

learntoreflectonyourownlearningandcommentonthatofyourpeers

learntothinkindependently,criticallyandcreatively

BackgroundInformation

Modernlifeisfullofhassles,deadlines,frustrations,anddemands.Formanypeople,stressissocommonplacethatithasbecomeawayoflife.Stressisn’talwaysbad.Insmalldoses,itcanhelpyouperformunderpressureandmotivateyoutodoyourbest.Butwhenyou’reconstantlyrunninginemergencymode,yourmindandbodypaytheprice.

Stressisanormalphysicalresponsetoeventsthatmakeyoufeelthreatenedorupsetyourbalanceinsomeway.Whenyousensedanger---whetherit’srealorimagined---thebody’sdefenseskickintohighgearinarapid,automaticprocessknownasthe“fight-or-flight”reaction,orthestressresponse.

Thestressresponseisthebody’swayofprotectingyou.Whenworkingproperly,ithelpsyoustayfocused,energetic,andalert.Inemergencysituations,stresscansaveyourlife–givingyouextrastrengthtodefendyourself,forexample,orspurringyoutoslamonthebrakestoavoidanaccident.

Thestressresponsealsohelpsyourisetomeetchallenges.Stressiswhatkeepsyouonyourtoesduringapresentationatwork,sharpensyourconcentrationwhenyou’reattemptingthegame-winningfreethrow,ordrivesyoutostudyforanexamwhenyou’dratherbewatchingTV.

Butbeyondacertainpoint,stressstopsbeinghelpfulandstartscausingmajordamagetoyourhealth,yourmood,yourproductivity,yourrelationships,andyourqualityoflife.

Effectsofchronicstress

Thebodydoesn’tdistinguishbetweenphysicalandpsychologicalthreats.Whenyou’restressedoverabusyschedule,anargumentwithafriend,atrafficjam,oramountainofbills,yourbodyreactsjustasstronglyasifyouwerefacingalife-or-deathsituation.Ifyouhavealotofresponsibilitiesandworries,youremergencystressresponsemaybe“on”mostofthetime.Themoreyourbody’sstresssystemisactivated,theeasieritistotripandtheharderitistoshutoff.

Long-termexposuretostresscanleadtoserioushealthproblems.Chronicstressdisruptsnearlyeverysysteminyourbody.Itcanraisebloodpressure,suppresstheimmunesystem,increasetheriskofheartattackandstroke,contributetoinfertility,andspeeduptheagingprocess.Long-termstresscanevenrewirethebrain,leavingyoumorevulnerabletoanxietyanddepression.

Manyhealthproblemsarecausedorexacerbatedbystress,including:

Painofanykind

Heartdisease

Digestiveproblems

Sleepproblems

Depression

Obesity

Autoimmunediseases

Skinconditions,suchaseczema

TopicPreview

1.ReadthepassageonPageXandlearnusefulexpressionsrelatedtotherelationshipbetweenhealthymindandhealthybody.

2.Logonlineandsearchforinformationconcerningtheimportanceofpsychologicalhealthandsomekindsofpsychologicalhealthproblems.

LessonOne

Leadin

Task1DescribingthePicture

TeachingTips

1.Thistaskisdesignedtopreparestudentsforthetopic“stressfulsituations”.

2.Askstudentstodescribethepicturewiththeirpeers.

3.Herearesomequestionsforstudentstodiscuss:

Howdothefollowingpeoplelook?

Whatmayhavecausedthemtolookthatway?

Haveyouexperiencedsuchstateofmind?

Describethepicturesfirstandthendiscussthestressfulsituationsinmodernlife.

Task2ReflectingontheReading

1.Thistaskisdesignedtocheckstudents’understandingofthereadingmaterial.

2.Askstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestions.

ReadthroughtheSupplementaryReadingonpageX,andanswerthefollowingquestions.

1.HowdifferentlydidtheremainingBellLabsexecutivesperformaccordingtothestudyconductedbyDrSalvatoreMaddiandhisteam?

Answer:

Onegroupofthemdevelopedsevereperformanceproblemsandhealthissuesoverthenextfewyears;

theothergroupremainedhealthy,enthusiasticandperformedwellatwork.

2．WhatdoesthecaseofSmitha,theairhostess,tellus?

Itispossibletolearntheseattitudesofdealingwithstress.

3.WhatdidthestudyconductedbyDrsDacherKeltnerandLeeAnneHarkerreveal?

Ahappydispositionisoneofthebetterpredictorsofhealth.

4.Whydidtheauthorsay“Inourbusyworld,weneedtomaketimeanddemonstrateloveandaffectiontoourchildren”?

Studiesshowthatchildrenneedthistogrowhappilyandhealthily.

5.WhatdidWriterWilliamHelmreichdeemanimportantfactorinthethousandsofJews’buildingagoodlifeaftertheyhadsurvivedtheGermandeathandtorturefactoriesandmovedtoAmerica?

Tofindmeaningintheirexperienceand“interprettheirsurvivalinawaytogivemeaningtotherestoftheirlives.”

Task3ExpandingYourVocabulary

1.Thistaskisdesignedtoenlargestudents’vocabularyandimprovetheirabilitytoexplainwordsinEnglish.

2.AskstudentstomatchthewordswiththecorrectmeaningandmemorizetheEnglishexplanations.

Readthroughthewordsintheleft-handcolumn,andmatcheachofthemwiththeappropriatemeaningintheright-handcolumn.

1.expert

A.

thedegreetowhichathingextends

2.active

B.

apersonwithspecialknowledge,skillortraininginsth.

3.involved

C.

beingpartofsth.orconnectedwithsth.

4.constantly

D.

unwillingly

5.extent

E.

allthetime;

repeatedly

6.reluctantly

F.

alwaysbusydoingthings,especiallyphysicalactivities

Key:

1-B2-F3-C4-E5-A6-D

AudioStudio

WordBank

1.contagious

2.obscure

3.protective

4.content

5.reveal

6.coronary

7.clinical

adj.

v.

spreadingeasilyfromonepersontoanother感染的

noteasilyorclearlyseenorunderstood;

indistinct;

hidden不分明的

thatprotectsorisintendedtoprotect保护的

satisfiedwithwhatonehas;

notwantingmore;

happy满足的

make（fact,etc.）known使（事实等）显露出来

ofthearteriessupplyingbloodtotheheart冠状动脉的

oforrelatingtotheexaminationandtreatmentofpatientsandtheirillness临床的

Task1IdentifyingtheGist

1.Thistaskisdesignedtotrainstudentstounderstandthegeneralideaoftheaudioclip.

2.Askstudentstogooverthequestionsandmaketheirchoicesquickly.

3.Tellthemnottoworryaboutindividualwordsbuttofocusonunderstandingthewholepassage.

4.Playtheaudioclipandaskstudentstomakethecorrectchoices.

Listentotheaudioclip,andchoosetherightanswerstothequestions.

1.What’sthetopicofthisaudioclip?

A）Symptomsofheartdisease

B）AnewreportfromDr.Davidson

C）Dr.Davidsonandherreport

2.WhichisNOTtrueabouthappiness?

A）Itmayleadtomorechanceofheartattack.

B）Happinessiscontagious.

C）Happinesscankeepyouhealthy..

Task2CheckingtheFacts

1.Thistaskisdesignedtotrainstudentstofocusonimportantdetailsandusefulsentencestructures.

2.Playtheaudioclipagainandaskstudentstoanswerthequestions.

3.Allowstudentssometimetofinishthistask,andthenchecktheiranswers.

Listentotheaudioclipagain,andanswerthefollowingquestions.

1.WhoisDr.Davidson?

ANewYorkresearcher.

2.HowlongdoesDr.Davidson’sresearchlast?

10years.

3.Whatdoesherstudyimply?

Remaininghappymayhelppreventheartdisease.

Script

Itissaidthathappinessiscontagious.Thesupportingevidenceiseverywhere:

fromthestreetsofRioduringCarnivaltomoreobscurecelebrationselsewhereintheworld.Butlong-termhappinessmayalsobehealthy.NewYorkresearcherDavidsoncertainlythinksso.

Dr.Davidsonisaleadresearcherina10-yearstudyofmorethan1,700healthymenandwomen.Thestudyrevealedthatpeoplewhoarehappyandcontentwiththeirlivesare22%lesslikelythanunhappypeopletohaveaheartattackorsufferfromsymptomsofheartdisease.

Maintaininghappyissurelyprotectiveofyourmentalhealthandthisobservationalstudyisoneofthefirststudiestoshowitmayalsoprotectyourphysic