用女性主义批评方法解读《飘》Word格式.docx

用女性主义批评方法解读《飘》Word格式.docx

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HereI’dliketoanalyzeGonewiththeWindinto3parts.ThefirstpartwillbeabriefintroductionofthewriterMargaretMitchell.Thesecondpartwillintroductionoffeministapproaches.ThethirdpartIwillanalyzeGonewiththeWindwithfeministapproaches.AndforthelastpartwewillgettheconclusionthatGonewiththeWindnotonlyabookforentertainmentbutalsoamasterpiecetochew.

Keywords:

FeministApproachesGonewiththeWindMargaretMitchell

内容摘要

《飘》是美国女作家玛格利特米切尔的唯一一部作品，出版于1936年，1937年获得普利策文学奖。

这不仅仅是一部成功商业小说，也是一部经典名著。

尽管这是一部深受欢迎的成功小说但是却从未得到文学评论的重视。

在世界文学史上，《飘》的文学地位并不高。

在人们看来，这不过是一部浪漫的爱情故事、一本成功的畅销小说而已。

实际上《飘》是一部值得用女性主义批评方法去解读的大师之作。

在这里我将用三部分来用女性主义批评方法分析《飘》。

第一部分将会是一个简短的关于作者玛格利特米切尔的简介。

第二部分是介绍女性主义批评方法。

第三部分是利用女性主义批评方法去解析《飘》。

第四部分我们会得到论证，《飘》不光是一部供人消遣娱乐的畅销书，也是一部值得好好品读的大师作品。

关键词：

女性主义批评方法飘玛格利特米切尔

Contents

1.Introduction------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.1IntroductionofMargaretMitchell--------------------------------------------

1.2IntroductionofGonewiththeWind------------------------------------------

2.TheTheoreticalFoundation-----------------------------------------------------

2.1FeministApproaches-----------------------------------------------------------

3.FeministAnalyzeofGonewiththeWind--------------------------------------

3.1ScarlettO’Hara------------------------------------------------------------------

4.Conclusion---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Introduction

GonewiththeWind,firstpublishedin1936,isa 

romancenovel 

writtenby 

MargaretMitchell,whoreceivedthePulitzerPrizeforFiction 

forthebookin1937.Thestoryissetin 

ClaytonCounty,Georgia 

and 

Atlanta 

duringthe 

AmericanCivilWar 

Reconstruction,anddepictstheexperiencesof 

ScarlettO'

Hara,thespoileddaughterofawell-to-doplantationowner,whomustuseeverymeansatherdisposaltocomeoutofthepovertyshefindsherselfinafter 

Sherman'

sMarchtotheSea.Thebookisthesourceofthe1939 

filmofthesamename.

1.1IntroductionofMargaretMitchell

MargaretMitchellwasaSouthernerandalifelongresidentandnativeof 

Atlanta,Georgia,whowasbornin1900intoawealthyandpoliticallyprominentfamily.Herfather,EugeneMuseMitchell,wasanattorney,andhermother,MaryIsabel"

MayBelle"

（or"

Maybelle"

）Stephens,wasa 

suffragist.Shehadtwobrothers,RussellStephensMitchell,whodiedininfancyin1894,andAlexanderStephensMitchell,bornin1896.

Mitchell'

sfamilyonherfather'

ssideweredescendantsofThomasMitchell,originallyof 

Aberdeenshire,Scotland,whosettledin 

WilkesCounty,Georgia 

in1777,andservedinthe 

AmericanRevolutionaryWar.Hergrandfather,RussellCrawfordMitchell,ofAtlanta,enlistedinthe 

ConfederateStatesArmy 

inJuly1861,andwaslaterseverelywoundedatthe 

BattleofSharpsburg.AftertheCivilWar,hemadealargefortunesupplyinglumbertorapidlybuildingAtlanta.RussellMitchellhadtwelvechildrenfromtwowives;

theeldestwasEugene,whograduatedfromthe 

UniversityofGeorgiaLawSchool.

smaternalgreat-grandfather,PhilipFitzgerald,emigratedfromIreland,andeventuallysettledonaslaveholdingplantationnearJonesboro,Georgia,wherehehadonesonandsevendaughterswithhiswife,Elenor.Mitchell'

sgrandparents,marriedin1863,wereAnnieFitzgeraldandJohnStephens,whohadalsoemigratedfromIrelandandwasaCaptainintheConfederateStatesArmy.JohnStephenswasaprosperousrealestatedeveloperaftertheCivilWarandoneofthefoundersofthe 

GateCityStreetRailroad 

（1881）,amule-drawn 

Atlantatrolleysystem.JohnandAnnieStephenshadtwelvechildrentogether;

theseventhchildwasMayBelleStephens,whomarriedEugeneMitchell. 

MayBelleStephenshadstudiedattheBellevueConventinQuebecandcompletedhereducationattheAtlantaFemaleInstitute.

1.1.1Atlanta

In1912,EugeneMitchellbuiltthefamilyhome,awhitecolumnedtwo-storyframehouseontheeastsideofPeachtreeStreetjustnorthofSeventeenthStreetinAtlanta.Pastthenearestneighbor'

shousewasforestandbeyonditthe 

ChattahoocheeRiver.[9] 

PriortolivingonPeachtreeStreet,theMitchellslivedinatwo-story 

Victorianhouse 

onJacksonHill,eastofdowntownAtlanta.JacksonHillwasanold,affluentpartofthecity. 

AtthebottomofJacksonHillwasanareaofAfricanAmericanhomesandbusinessescalled"

Darktown"

. 

MargaretMitchellwasborninhergrandmotherAnnieStephens'

shouseonCainStreet,justaroundthecornerfromtheMitchells'

homeonJacksonStreet.Herchildhoodwasbyallaccountsahappyone.Shewasaprecociouschildandbecameanavidreader.Shelikedtowriteactionstories.HerextendedfamilyandsurroundingsinAtlantaimmersedherinCivilWarlore.

1.1.2Parents

sparentswereinfluentialinherlife;

herfatherofferedmorecriticismthanpraise,whichdroveMitchell'

sindependence,andhermotherspoketobothherchildrendirectly,givingthemadviceonmattersofdrinkingandsex. 

OneofMitchell'

smostvividmemoriesofhermotherwasawomen'

ssuffrage 

rallyledby 

CarrieChapmanCatt.Margaretsatonaplatformwearinga 

Votes-for-Women 

bannerblowingkissestothegentlemenwhilehermothergaveanimpassionedspeech

1.1.3TheSouth（ofherimagination）

While"

theSouth"

existsasageographicalregionoftheUnitedStates,itisalsosaidtoexistas"

aplaceoftheimagination"

ofwriters.Animageof"

wasfixedinMitchell'

simaginationwhenatsixyearsoldhermothertookheronabuggytourthroughruinedplantationsand"

ssentinels"

thebrickandstonechimneysthatremainedafter 

WilliamTecumsehSherman'

s"

March 

andtorch"

throughGeorgia.Mitchellwouldlaterrecallwhathermotherhadsaidtoher:

Shetalkedabouttheworldthosepeoplehadlivedin,suchasecureworld,andhowithadexplodedbeneaththem.Andshetoldmethatmyworldwasgoingtoexplodeunderme,someday,andGodhelpmeifIdidn'

thavesomeweapontomeetthenewworld.

Fromanimaginationcultivatedinheryouth,MargaretMitchell'

sdefensiveweaponwouldbecomeherwriting.

MitchellsaidsheheardCivilWarstoriesfromherrelativeswhenshewasgrowingup:

OnSundayafternoonswhenwewentcallingontheoldergenerationofrelatives,thosewhohadbeenactiveintheSixties,Isatonthebonykneesofveteransandthefatslipperylapsofgreatauntsandheardthemtalk.

Onsummervacations,shevisitedhermaternalgreat-aunts,MaryEllen（"

Mamie"

）FitzgeraldandSarah（"

Sis"

）Fitzgerald,whostilllivedathergreat-grandparents'

plantationhomeinJonesboro.[ 

Mamie（1840–1926）hadbeentwenty-oneyearsoldandSis（1848–1928）thirteenwhentheCivilWarbegan.

Asachild,shehadaponyandwentridingwithaConfederateveteranandayoungladyof"

beau-age"

SheplayedonearthenCivilWar-erafortifications.

1.2IntroductionofGonewiththeWind

GonewiththeWindtakesplaceinthesouthernUnitedStatesinthestateofGeorgiaduringtheAmericanCivilWar（1861–1865）andtheReconstructionEra（1865–1877）thatfollowedthewar.Thenovelunfoldsagainstthebackdropofrebellionwhereinsevensouthernstates,Georgiaamongthem,havedeclaredtheirsecessionfromtheUnitedStates（the"

Union"

）andformedtheConfederateStatesofAmerica（the"

Confederacy"

）,afterAbrahamLincolnwaselectedpresidentwithnoballotsfromtenSouthernstateswhereslaverywaslegal.Adisputeoverstates'

rightshasariseninvolvingenslavedAfricanpeoplewhowerethesourceofmanuallaboroncottonplantationsthroughouttheSouth.ThestoryopensinApril1861atthe"

Tara"

plantation,whichisownedbyawealthyIrishimmigrantfamily,theO'

Haras.ThereaderistoldScarlettO'

Hara,thesixteen-year-olddaughterofGeraldandEllenO'

Hara,"

wasnotbeautiful,but"

hadaneffectonmen,especiallywhenshetooknoticeofthem.Itisthedaybeforethemenarecalledtowar,FortSumterhavingbeenfiredontwodaysearlier.

TherearebriefbutvividdescriptionsoftheSouthasitbeganandgrew,withbackgroundsofthemaincharacters:

thestylishandhighbrowFrench,thegentlemanlyEnglish,theforced-to-fleeandlooked-down-uponIrish.MissScarlettlearnsthatoneofhermanybeaux,AshleyWilkes,issoontobeengagedtohiscousin,MelanieHamilton.Sheisstrickenatheart.ThefollowingdayattheWilkeses'

barbecueat"

TwelveOaks,"

ScarlettinformsAshleysheloveshimandAshleyadmitshecaresforher.However,heknowshewouldnotbehappilymarriedtoScarlettbecauseoftheirpersonalitydifferences.ScarlettloseshertemperatAshleyandhesilentlytakesit.

ThenScarlettmeetsRhettButler,amanwhohasareputationasarogue.RhetthadbeenaloneinthelibrarywhenAshleyandScarlettentered,andfeltitwisertonotmakehispresenceknownwhiletheargumenttookplace.RhettapplaudsScarlettfortheunladylikespiritshedisplayedwithAshley.Infuriatedandhumiliated,ScarletttellsRhett,"

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