何兆熊大学英语综合教程2unit4答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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ThelackofanexactcounterpartoftheEnglishword“homesickness”inotherlanguagessuchasItalian,Portuguese,andGerman.
Paragraph5:
TheproblemofuntranslatabilitywhichtheearlyBibletranslatorsencountered.
Paragraph6:
EnglishandWelshspeakersmakeadjustmentsregardingthecolorspectruminthegrey/green/blue/brownrange;
Theword“democracy”meanscompletelydifferentthingsindifferentcontexts;
theflatbreadsofCentralAsiaarealongwayawayfromMother’sPridewhiteslicedtoasties,yettheword“bread”hastoserveforboth.
PartOne.VocabularyAnalysis
I.
Phrasepractice
1.provided=aslongas
假如，倘若
needneverbeoutoftouch=canneverfailtobereached
从不会失去联系
2.regardlessof=nomatter
不管，不顾
3.overlookatourperil=failtonoticeatgreatrisk
忽视……的危险或风险
4.hoverssomewhereinandaroundallthosewords=maybedescribedbythesewordsto
varyingdegrees
5.hittheproblemofuntranslatabilityhead-on=weredirectlyconfrontedwiththeproblemthatsomethinginonelanguagecannotberenderedintoanother
II.
1.steppingstone;
2.attheirperil;
3.serve;
4.mentality;
5.staple;
6.facilitating;
7.messaging;
8.hybrid.
III.Wordderivation
Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Thecountryistryingtomovefromacentrallyplannedeconomy（economic）toonebasicallygearedtotheneedsofthemarket.
2.Therearenogoodroadsinthearea,somostoftheranchesareonlyaccessible（access）byjeeporotheroff-roadvehicles.
3.Thetwoapproachesaresofundamentally（fundamental）differentthatitissurprisingthattheyhavebothbeensuccessful.
4.Theyspentmuchtimecomfortingthehomesick（homesickness）childrenatthebeginningofthesummercamp.
5.Wearelookingforanexperiencedjournalisttojointhenewsteams.Thesalaryisnegotiable（negotiate）.
6.Theamountofanyoftheseingredientscanbeadjusted（adjustment）accordingtoyourtaste.
7.Theremoteness（remote）ofthehousewastheonlythingthatmadethemhesitateaboutbuyingit.
8.Heparkedthecarandsmiledather,complacently（complacent）assuminghehadpassedthetest.
1.economica.
经济学的；
经济的；
有利可图的
economicala.
节俭的；
经济的，合算的
economicsn.
经济学
economistn.
经济学家
economyn.
节约；
经济
2.accessn.
通道，入口
accessiblea.
可得到的；
易接近的，可进入的
accessibilityn.
可以得到；
易接近
3.fundamentala.
基本的，根本的；
重要的
fundamentalismn.
原教旨主义
fundamentalistn.
信奉正统派基督教的人
fundamentallyad.
从根本上；
基本地
4.homesicka.
想家的
homesicknessn.
乡愁，思乡病
5.negotiatev.
谈判，协商，交涉
negotiablea.
可磋商的，可协商的
negotiationn.
谈判，协商
negotiatorn.
磋商者，交涉者
6.adjustv.
调整，调节；
使适应
adjustablea.
可调整的
adjustmentn.
调整
7.remotea.
偏僻的，遥远的，远程的
remotenessn.
远离，远隔，偏僻
8.complacenta.
满足的，自满的，得意的
complacentlyad.
满足地，自满地，沾沾自喜地
complacencyn.
自满，沾沾自喜
1.D;
2.C;
3.A;
4.D;
5.B;
6.A;
7.B;
8.C.
V.
Synonym/Antonym
Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.Weliveinanageofeasyaccesstotherestoftheworld.
Synonym:
time,era,epoch
2.ConferencesandbusinessmeetingsaroundtheglobeareheldinEnglish,regardlessofwhetheranyonepresentisanativeEnglishspeaker.
meetings
3.Englishhassimplybecomethelanguagethatfacilitatescommunication,andformanypeoplelearningEnglishisanessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess.
basic,fundamental
4.Differentculturesarenotsimplygroupsofpeoplewholabeltheworlddifferently;
languagesgiveusthemeanstoshapeourviewsoftheworldandlanguagesaredifferentfromoneanother.
Antonym:
misshape
5.Inevitably,thespreadofEnglishmeansthatmillionsofpeopleareaddinganotherlanguagetotheirownandarelearninghowtonegotiateculturalandlinguisticdifferences.
unavoidably
6.WhydoestheriseofEnglishasagloballanguagecausefeelingsofuneasinessforsomeofus?
worry,concern,anxiety
7.Butevenasmorepeoplebecomemultilingual,sonativeEnglishspeakersarelosingout,fortheyarebecomingevermoremonolingual,andhenceincreasinglyunawareofthedifferencesbetweenculturesthatlanguagesreveal.
hide,conceal
4
Prefix
Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedinthegivenword.
1.unreliable
unbelievable
2.impatient
imperfect
3.disapproval
disagreement
4.mistake
misplace
5.maltreat
malfunction
6.enrich
enable
7.surmount
surpass
8.subordinate
submarine
1.Explanation:
un-:
notortheoppositeof
e.g.unable,unhappy,unknown
2.Explanation:
in-/il-/im-/ir-:
e.g.impolite,infinite,illogical,irrelevance
3.Explanation:
dis-:
e.g.dishonest,disadvantage,disappear
4.Explanation:
mis-:
badorwrong
e.g.misinterpret,misbehavior,mischance,misconceive
5.Explanation:
mal-:
badornotcorrect
e.g.malpractice,malodorous,malformation
6.Explanation:
en-/em-:
tocausetobe;
toputintothethingorconditionmentioned
e.g.encase,empower,enlarge,embolden,enchant
7.Explanation:
sur-:
beyond
e.g.surcharge,surplus,surprise,surmise
8.Explanation:
sub-:
lessthan;
underorbelow
e.g.subdivision,subconscious,subcontinent,subculture
PartTwo.
GrammarExercises
1.thesimplepresentandthepresentprogressive
Simplepresentisusedforactivitiesthatarelong-lastinghabits.
Presentprogressiveisusedforactivitiesthatoccuratthemomentofspeakingactivities.
Thepresentcontinuouswithwordssuchas“always”or“constantly”expressestheideathatsomethingirritatingorshockingoftenhappens.
e.g.Sheisalwayscomingtoclasslate.
Heisconstantlytalking.Iwishhewouldshutup.
Speakersusethepresentcontinuoustoindicatethatsomethingwillorwillnothappeninthenearfuture.
e.g.Iamnotgoingtothepartytonight.
Ishevisitinghisparentsnextweekend?
I.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectverbforms.
1.She’sadietician—she__helps__（help）peopletochoosetherightfood.
2.hope;
areenjoying;
sunbathe;
go;
aregoing.
3.isbeing.
4.Theprofessor____istyping____（type）hisownletterswhilehissecretaryisill.
5.amnoteating.
6.I__amreading___（read）aninterestingbookatthemoment.I’lllendittoyouwhenI’vefinishedit.
7.arealwaysleaving.
8.go;
belongs;
wants;
isusing.
9.isboiling.
10.isputting;
isrewiring;
isbuilding.
1.ispassing=passes;
isshooting=shoots.
2.OK.
3.arecrying.
4.OK.
5.amknowing=know.
6.amgathering=gather.
7.work=amworking.
8.do=are;
sneeze=sneezing.
thank;
aredispatching;
regret;
have;
arecontacting;
hear;
enclose/areenclosing;
decide;
arelisted;
hope;
enclose/areenclosing.
1.a.Thespeakeriscomplaining;
b.Thespeakergivesafact.
2.a.amconsidering;
b.havetheopinion.
3.a.Itsuggestsapermanentnature;
b.Itsuggestsatemporarybehaviour.
4.a.istakingcareof;
b.havenoobjectionto.
5.a.amwaitingfor;
b.believe.
6.a.amwaitingfor;
2.Positionofadjectives
Unlike
adverbs,whichoftenseemcapableofpoppingupalmostanywhereinasentence,adjectivesnearlyalwaysappearimmediatelybeforethenounornounphrasethattheymodify.Sometimestheyappearinastringofadjectives,andwhentheydo,theyappearinasetorderaccordingtocategory.
Thecategoriesinthefollowingtablecanbedescribedasfollows:
A.Determiners—articlesandotherlimiters.
B.Observation—postdeterminersandlimiteradjectives（e.g.arealhero,aperfectidiot）andadjectivessubjecttosubjectivemeasure（e.g.beautiful,interesting）
C.SizeandShape—adjectivessubjecttoobjectivemeasure（e.g.wealthy,large,round）
D.Age—adjectivesdenotingage（e.g.young,old,new,ancient）
E.Color—adjectivesdenotingcolor（e.g.red,black,pale）
F.Origin—denominaladjectivesdenotingsourceofnoun（e.g.French,American,Canadian）
G.Material—denominaladjectivesdenotingwhatsomethingismadeof（e.g.woolen,metallic,wooden）
F.Qualifier—finallimiter,oftenregardedaspartofthenoun（e.g.rockingchair,huntingcabin,passengercar,bookcover）
Rewritethefollowingdescriptionsputtingtheadjectivesinthecorrectorder.
1.a
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