Key to Chapter 45British LiteratureWord文件下载.docx

Key to Chapter 45British LiteratureWord文件下载.docx

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9.panoramic10.transitional

11.naturalistic

12.AlfredTennyson,RobertBrowning

13.traditional,modern

14.destiny15.child

C.

l.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.T7.T8.T9.F10.T11.F12.T13.T14.F15.T16.F17.F18.T19.T20.F

D.

1.ThomasHardy3.GeorgeEliot5.RobertBrowning7.AlfredTennyson9.AlfredTennyson

2.ThomasHardy4.RobertBrowning6.AlfredTennyson8.AlfredTennyson

10.AlfredTennyson

11.EmilyBronte12.CharlotteBronte

13.CharlesDickens14.CharlesDickens

15.CharlesDickens16.CharlesDickens

E.

Bydramaticmonologueitismeantthatapoetchoosesadramaticmomentoracrisis,inwhichhischaractersaremadetotalkabouttheirlives,andabouttheirmindsandhearts.In"

listening"

tothoseone-sidedtalks,readerscanformtheirownopinionsandjudgmentsaboutthespeaker'

spersonalityandaboutwhathasreallyhappened.RobertBrowningbroughtthispoeticformtoitsmaturityandperfectionandhis"

MyLastDuchess"

isoneofthebest-knowndramaticmonologues.

F.

A）

1.FromAlfredTennyson'

s"

Break,Break,Break"

.Itisalyricinmemoryofthepoet'

sbestfriend.Inthesetwostanzas,thepoet'

sownfeelingsofsadnessarecontrastedwiththecare?

free,innocentjoysofthechildrenandtheunfeelingmove?

mentoftheshipandtheseawaves.

2.FromAlfredTennyson'

CrossingtheBar"

.Thepoetshowshisfearlessnesstowardsdeathandhisfaithinanafterlife."

meansleavingthisworldandenteringthenextworld.

3.FromAlfredTennyson'

Ulysses"

.ThispartindicatesthatUlysses,tiredofthepeacefulcommonplaceeverydaylife,persuadeshisoldfollowerstogowithhimandtosetsailagaintopursueanewworldandnewknowledge.

4.FromRobertBrowning'

.ItisonepartoftheDuke'

smonologue.TheDukemeansthatheisnotsat?

isfiedwithhisyoungwifebecausesheistoowarmandoutgo?

ingsothathegetsherkilled.TheDukerevealshimselfasacruelandtyrannicalman.

5.FromRobertBrowning'

MeetingatNight"

.Inthisstanzathespeaker,alover,isdescribingthewhereaboutsoftheirmeetingplace.

6.FromRobertBrowning'

PartingatMorning"

.Hereinthedescriptionofsun-rise,thepoetunconsciouslyexpresseshishelplessnessinhavingtofaceuphisdutyasaman.

B）

1.A.FromCharlesDickens'

sOliverTwist.

B.Thetwomenaremakingabargain.

C.OliverTwistissold,atthreepoundten,toMr.Gamfield.

2.A.FromCharlotteBronte’sJaneEyre.

B.ThespeakerisJaneEyreandsheisspeakingtoMr.Rochester.

C.JaneistryingtoshowMr.Rochesterthatshemustleavehimbecauseshedoesn'

twanttobecomehisaccessory.ShefeelshurtbecauseMr.Rochesterhasnottoldherabouthiswifeandinhermindhedoesn'

ttreatherasanequalbeing-

3.A.FromEmilyBronte'

sWutheringHeights.

B.Nelly,Catherine'

soldnurse.

C.ItdescribesthemeetingbetweenHeathcliffandCatherinewhenCatherineisdying.

4.A.FromGeorgeEliot'

sMiddlemarch.

B.Dorothea.

C.ThepassageimpliesthatDorothea,whoisfullofyouthfullifeandvigor,iscaughtinthecold,lifelessanddullhouse.

5.A.FromThomasHardy'

sTessoftheD'

Urbervilles.

B.AngelClare.

C.ItmeansthatthecorporealsufferingthatTesshasexperi?

encedmakesherspirituallymaturebeforeherage.

G.

1.Inthisperiod,thenovelbecamethemostwidelyreadandthemostvitalandchallengingexpressionofprogressivethought.Whilestickingtotheprincipleoffaithfulrepresentationoftheeighteenth-centuryrealistnovel,novelistsinthisperiodcar?

riedtheirdutyforwardtothecriticismofthesocietyandthedefenseofthemass.Althoughwritingfromdifferentpointsofviewandwithdifferenttechniques,theysharedonethingincommon,thatis,theywereallconcernedaboutthefateofthecommonpeople.Theywereangrywiththeinhumansocialinstitutions,thedecayingsocialmoralityasrepresentedbythemoney-worshipandUtilitarianism,andthewidespreadmisery,povertyandinjustice.Theirtruthfuldepictionofpeople'

slifeandbitterandstrongcriticismofthesocietyhaddonemuchinawakeningthepublicconsciousnesstothesocialproblemsandintheactualimprovementofthesociety.

2.CharlotteBronte'

sworksareallaboutthestruggleofanindi?

vidualtowardsself-realization,aboutsomelonelyandne?

glectedyoungwomenwithafiercelongingforlove,under?

standingandafull,happylife.Allherheroines'

highestjoycomesfromsomesacrificeofselforsomehumanweaknessovercome.Besides,sheisawriterofrealismcombinedwithromanticism.Ononehand,shepresentsavividrealisticpic?

tureoftheEnglishsocietybyexposingthecruelty,hypocrisyandotherevilsoftheupperclasses,andbyshowingthemis?

eryandsufferingofthepoor.Herworksarefamousforthedepictionofthelifeofthemiddle-classworkingwomen,par?

ticularlygovernesses.Ontheotherhand,herwritingsaremarkedthroughoutbyanintensityofvisionandofpassion.Bywritingfromanindividualpointofview,bycreatingchar?

acterswhoarepossessedofstrongfeelings,fierypassionsandsomeextraordinarypersonalities,byusingsomeelementsofhorror,mysteryandprophesy,sheisabletorecreatelifeinaveryromanticway.Thevividnessofhersubjectivenarra?

tion,theintenselyachievedcharacterization,especiallythoseheroineswhoaretotallycontrarytothepublicexpectations,andthemosttruthfulpresentationoftheeconomical,moral,sociallifeofthetime—allthisearnsherworksaneverdyingpopularity.

3.TheworkisoneofthemostpopularandimportantnovelsoftheVictorianage.Itisnotedforitssharpcriticismoftheex?

istingsociety,e.g.thereligioushypocrisyofcharityinstitu?

tions,thesocialdiscriminationandthefalsesocialconventionasconcerningloveandmarriage.Atthesametime,itisanintensemoralfable.Jane,likeMr.Rochester,hastounder?

goaseriesofphysicalandmoralteststogrowupandachieveherfinalhappiness.ThesuccessofthenovelisalsoduetoitsintroductiontotheEnglishnovelthefirstgovernessheroine.JaneEyreisacompletelynewwomanimage.Sherepresentsthosemiddle-classworkingwomenwhoarestrugglingforrecognitionoftheirrightsandequalityasahumanbeing.Thevividdescriptionofherintensefeelingsandherthoughtandinnerconflictsbringshertotheheartoftheaudience.

4.JaneEyreisCharlotteBronte'

smostsuccessfulandpopularnovelanditisapowerfulandfascinatingstoryofelementalloveandhate.Thesuccessofthenovelisduetoitsintroduc?

tiontotheEnglishnovelthefirstgovernessheroine.JaneEyre,anorphanchildwithafieryspiritandalongingtoloveandbeloved,apoor,plain,littlegovernesswhodarestolovehermaster,amansuperiortoherinmanyways,andevenisbraveenoughtodeclaretothemanherloveforhim,cutsacompletelynewwomanimage.InthisnovelCharlottecharacterizesJaneEyreasanaive,kind-hearted,noble-mind?

edwomanwhopursuesagenuinekindoflove.JaneEyrerep?

resentsthosemiddle-classworkingwomenwhoarestrugglingforrecognitionoftheirbasicrightsandequalityasahumanbeing.Thevividdescriptionofherintensefeelingsandherthoughtandinnerconflictsbringshertotheheartoftheaudi?

ence.

5.Tennysonisarealartist.Hehasthecapacityoflinkingvisualpictureswithmusicalexpressions,andwiththefeelings.HehasperfectcontrolofthesoundofEnglish,andasensitiveear,anexcellentchoiceandtasteofwords.Hispoetryisrichinpoeticimagesandmelodiouslanguage,andnotedforitslyricalbeautyandmetricalcharm.HisworksarenotonlytheproductsofthecreativeimaginationofapoetgeniusbutalsoproductsofalongandrichEnglishheritage.HiswonderfulworksmanifestallthequalitiesofEngland'

sgreatpoets.ThedreaminessofSpenser,themajestyofMilton,thenaturalsimplicityofWordsworth,thefantasyofBlakeandCo?

leridge,themelodyofKeatsandShelley,andthenarrativevigorofScottandByron,—allthesestrikingqualitiesareev?

identinTennyson'

spoetry.

6.ThenameofBrowningisoftenassociatedwiththeterm"

dra?

maticmonologue."

Althoughitisnothisinvention,itisinhishandsthatthispoeticformreachesitsmaturityandper?

fection.Browning'

sstyleisverydifferentfromthatofanyotherVictorianpoets.Heislikeaweather-beatenpioneer,bravelyandvigorouslytryingtobeatatrackthroughthejun?

gle.HispoeticstylebelongstothetwentiethcenturyratherthantotheVictorianage.Therough,grotesqueanddispro?

portionateappearance,thenon-poeticjarringdictionandtheclumsyrhythmsfitmarvelouslyalifethatisjustasimperfectandincongruous.Ingeneral,Browning'

spoemsarenotmeanttoentertainthereaderswiththeusualacousticandvi?

sualpleasures:

theyaresupposedtokeepthemalert,thoughtfulandenlightened.

7.Asawomanofexceptionalintelligenceandlifeexperience,GeorgeEliotshowsaparticularconcernforthedestinyofwomen,especiallythosewithgreatintelligence,potentialandsocialaspirations.Inhermind,thepathetictragedyofwomenliesintheirverybirth.Theirinferioreducationandlimitedsociallifedeterminethattheymustdependonmenforsustenanceandrealizationoftheirgoals,andtheyhaveonlytofulfillthedomesticdutiesexpectedofthembythesociety.Theiropportunitiesofsuccessarenoteveninc