四级真题及解析卷二Word格式.docx

四级真题及解析卷二Word格式.docx

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  ThefarmwevisitedislocatedinthesuburbofBeijingandfarawayfromourschool,whichcoversanareaof1000squarefeet.Alongwithnativefoodslikericeandpotatoes,thefarmersonthefarmgrowmanyorganicvegetables,includingcorn,cucumbers,tomatoesandsoforth.Besides,thefarmbreedsahostoflocalspeciessuchasdairycattle,geese,chickenbymodernscientifictechnique.Oneofthemostimpressivethingsforusisthatbymeansofgreenfarmingmethods,theproblemofenvironmentalpollutionhasbeeneffectivelyalleviated.

  Thisoutdoorsactivityhasareallydeepimpressionforus.Notonlydiditgetusclosertothenatureandrelievepressurefromus,italsoenhanceourprofessionalknowledgeabouthusbandrytechnology.

 PartⅢReadingSectionA

  ThecenterofAmericanautomobileinnovationhasinthepastdecademoved2,000milesaway.Ithas_____（27）fromDetroittoSiliconValley,whereself-drivingvehiclesarecomingintolife.

  Ina_____（28）totakeproductionbacktoDetroit,Michiganlawmakershaveintroduced_____（29）thatcouldmaketheirstatethebestplaceinthecountry,ifnottheworld,todevelopself-drivingvehiclesandputthemontheroad.

  "

Michigan'

s_____（30）inautoresearchanddevelopmentisunderattackfromseveralstatesandcountrieswhichdesireto_____（31）ourleadershipintransportation.Wecan'

tlethappen,"

saysSenatorMikeKowall,thelead_____（32）offourbillsrecentlyintroduced.

  Ifallfourbillspassaswritten,theywould_____（33）asubstantialupdateofMichigan'

s2013lawthatallowedthetestingofself-drivingvehiclesinlimitedconditions.Manufacturerwouldhavenearlytotalfreedomtotesttheirself-drivingtechnologyonpublicroads.Theywouldbeallowedtosendgroupsofself-drivingcarsoncross-stateroadtrips,andevenseton-demand_____（34）ofself-drivingcars,liketheoneGeneralMotorsandLyftarebuilding.

  LawmakersinMichiganclearlywanttomakethestatereadyforthecommercialapplicationofself-drivingtechnology.In_____（35）,California,homeofSiliconValley,recentlyproposedfarmore_____（36）rulesthatwouldrequirehumandriversbereadytotakethewheel,andcommercialuseofself-drivingtechnology.

  27、【题干】_____.

  【选项】

  A.bid

  B.contrast

  C.deputy

  D.dominance

  E.fleets

  F.knots

  G.legislation

  H.migrated

  I.replace

  J.represent

  K.restrictive

  L.reward

  M.significant

  N.sponsor

  O.transmitted

  【答案】H

  28、【题干】_____.

  【答案】A

  29、【题干】_____.

  【答案】G

  30、【题干】_____.

  【答案】D

  31、【题干】_____.

  【答案】I

  32、【题干】_____.

  【答案】N

  33、【题干】_____.

  【答案】J

  34、【题干】_____.

  【答案】E

  35、【题干】_____.

  【答案】B

  36、【题干】_____.

  【答案】K

  PartⅢReadingSectionB

  MakeStuff,Fail,AndLearnWhileYou'

reAtIt

  [A]We'

vealwaysbeenahands-on,do-it-yourselfkindofnation.BenFranklin,oneofAmerica'

sfoundingfathers,didn'

tjustinventthelightningrod.Hiscreationsincludeglasses,innovativestovesandmore.

  [B]Franklin,whowaslargelyself-taught,mayhavebeenagenius,buthewasn'

treallyanexceptionwhenitcomestoAmericanmakingandcreativity.

  [C]ThepersonalcomputingrevolutionandphilosophyofdisruptiveinnovationofSiliconValleygrew,inpart,outofthecreationsoftheHomebrewComputerClub,WhichwasfoundedinagarageinMenloPark,California,inthemid-1970s.Members—includingguysnamedJobsandWozniak—startedmakingandinventingthingstheycouldn'

tbuy.

  [D]Soit'

snosurprisethattheMakerMovementtodayisthrivingincommunitiesandsomeschoolsacrossAmerica.Makingisavailabletoordinarypeoplewhoaren'

ttiedtobigcompanies,bigdefenselabsorresearchuniversities.ThemakerphilosophyechoesoldideasadvocatedbyJohnDewey,Montessori,andevenancientGreekphilosophers,aswepointedoutrecently.

  [E]Thesemakerspacesareoftenoutsideofclassrooms,andareservinganimportanteducationalfunction.TheMakerMovementisrediscoveringlearningbydoing,whichisDewey'

sphrasefrom100yearsago.WearerediscoveringDeweyandMontessoriandalotofthepracticesthattheypioneeredthathavebeenforgottenoratleastputaside.Amakerspaceisaplacewhichcanbeinaschool,butitdoesn'

tlooklikeaclassroom.Itcanbeinalibrary.Itcanbeoutinthecommunity.Ithastoolsandmaterials.It'

saplacewhereyougettomakethingsbasedonyourinterestandonwhatyou'

relearningtodo.

  [F]Ideasaboutlearningbydoinghavestruggledtobecomemainstreameducationally,despitebeingoldconceptsfromDeweyandMontessori,PlatoandAristotle,andintheAmericanContcxt,RalphEmerson,onthevalueofexperienceandself-reliance.It'

snotnecessarilyanefficientwaytolearn.Welearn,inasense,bytrialanderror.Learningfromexperienceissomethingthattakestimeandpatience.It'

sveryindividualized.Ifyourgoalistohavestandardizedapproachestolearning,whereeverybodylearnsthesamethingatthesametimeinthesameway,thenlearningbydoingdoesn'

treallyfitthatmoldanymore.It'

snottheworldoftextbooks.It'

snottheworldoftesting.

  [G]Learningbydoingmaynotbeefficient,butitiseffective.Project-basedlearninghasgrowninpopularitywithteachersandadministrators.However,project-basedlearningisnotmaking.Althoughthereisaconnection,thereisalsoadistinction.Thedifferenceliesinwhethertheprojectisinasensedefinedanddevelopedbythestudentorwhetherit'

sassignedbyateacher.We'

llallgetthekidstobuildasmallboat.WeareallgoingtolearnaboutX,Y,andZ.Thattendstobeoneformofproject-basedlearning.

  [H]Ireallybelievethecoreideaofmakingistohaveanideawithinyourhead—oryoujustborrowitfromsomeone—andbegintodevelopit,repeatitandimproveit.Then,realizethatideasomehow.Thatthingthatyoumakeisvaluabletoyouandyoucanshareitwithothers.I'

minterestedinhowthesethingsareexpressionsofthatperson,theirideas,andtheirinteractionswiththeworld.

  [I]Insomeways,alotofformsofmakinginschooltrivialize（使变得无足轻重）making.Thethingthatyoumakehasnovaluetoyou.Onceyouaredonedemonstratingwhateverconceptwasinthetextbook,youthrowawaythepipecleaners,thecardboardtubes.

  [J]Makingshouldbestudent-directedandstudent-led,otherwiseit'

sboring.Itdoesn'

thavethemotivationofthestudent.I'

mnotsayingthatstudentsshouldnotlearnconceptsornotlearnskills.Theydo.Buttoreallyharnesstheirmotivationistobuildupontheirinterest.It'

stoletthembeincontrolandtodrivethecar.

  [K]Teachersshouldaimtobuildasupportive,creativeenvironmentforstudentstodothiswork.Averysocialenvironment,wheretheyarelearningfromeachother.Whentheyhaveaproblem,itisn'

ttheteachernecessarilycomingintosolveit.Theyareresponsibleforworkingthroughthatproblem.Itmightbetheyha