对于大卫科波菲尔中人物的形象分析文档格式.docx

对于大卫科波菲尔中人物的形象分析文档格式.docx

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“11ismyfavoritechiId.v

ThenoveIdepictedDavid'

sexperienceswhichwerefilledwithsufferingsandIaughters・DickensportrayedthecoIorfuIpictureofBritishsociety,thetypicaIimageofdifferentsociaIcIasses,especialIytheendIessstruggleofDavidinthefaceofadversitywhichIeftadeepimpressiononus.Davidwasunabletoenduretheabuseofhisstepfather,bitingthefingersofhisstepfather,savageIybeaten.AsaresuIt,hewaslockedinaboardingschool・Afterhismotherdied,hewassenttothefactoryasachiIdbyhisstepfather・Fromthenon,heIivedahardIife,withoutenoughtoeatorwearandsufferedaIIkindsofabuseandtorture・However,Daviddidnotsuccumbtothemercyoffate,painstakingly,andfinalIyfoundhisauntBetsey.Thekind^heartedauntsheIteradoptedhimandlethimgotoabetterschool・WhenheknewthatAuntBetseywasbankrupted,butinstead,hestudieddiIigentlywithperseveranceaIIkindsofabuseandtorture・Finally,aftermakingefforts,hebecameawriterandachievedsuccess・Atthesametime,othercharacterswerecIearandvivid・PeggottywasanursewhotookcareofDavidandDavid'

smothercarefuIIy,shewasremarkabIyIoyaI・OutwardIy,auntBetseyappearedaseverewoman,butsheshowedthatshewaskindbylovingDavidandothers・Inaddition,HamwasnobIe,braveandhonest・wasfierceandcrueI.Steerforthwasselfishandarrogant・

IntroductiontotheAuthor

DickenswasthemainrepresentativeofreaIismIiteratureinthe19thcentury・Theartofwittywords,nuancedpsychoIogicaIanaIysisandreaIismwerecombinedtogethercIoseIyinhisworks・HewasparticuIarIyfamousforhisvividcomiccharacterizationsandsociaIcriticism.HewasthefirstauthorwhohadwrittenofthepoorwithfideIityandsympathy.HisworkswerefamousduringnoveIsoftheVictorianageandamongthegreatclassicsinaIIfiction.

DickenswasborninFebruary,1812,atLandport,Portsmouth.HewasthesecondofeightchiIdren・Hisfatherwasaclerk,hardworkingbutimprudent,latercaricaturedasMr・MicawberinDavidCopperfield.In1822,thefamiIymovedtoLondon,whereCharIeshadtoleaveschooItosupporthisimpoverishedfamiIy.In1824,hisfatherwasputintoprisonfordebt・Attheageof12,Dickenswassenttogoingtoworkatafactory・HewrappedandIabeIedfor6shillingsaweek・Afterwork,hewanderedthroughthestreetsofLondon,enthraIIedbythesightofthedockyards,thefilesofconvicts,andvastsectionsofthecityinhabitedbythepoor・ThesebitterdaysremainedinhismemoryandIaterfoundexpressioninhisworks・

DickenswasabIetoreturntoschoolbecauseasmaIIIegacyheIpedreIeasehisfatherfromprison.HewasanavidreaderandspentmuchtimeinthereadingroomoftheBritishMuseum.AlthoughhelaterreturnedtoschooIforatime,theseexperiencesleftapermanentimprintonthesouIofCharIesDickens・EvenmanyyearsIater,hehadbecomeasuccessfuIauthor,hecouldnotbeartotaIkaboutit,orberemindedofhisfamily'

signominy.

Attheageoffifteen,DickensbeganworkingasanofficeboyforaIawfirm・HetaughthimseIfandhebecameareporterforcourtsofDoctors'

Commonin1828・TheduIIroutineoftheIegaIprofessionneverinterestedhim,sohebecameanewspaperreporterfortheMirrorofparliament,theTrueSun,andfinalIyfortheMorningChronicle・（JohnForster,werelaterhisclosestfriendandbiographer,wasaIsoemployedattheTrueSun.）Bytheageoftwenty,DickenswasoneofthebestparIiamentaryreportersaIItheEngIand・

Bythistime,DickenswasenjoyingtheluxuriousIifehehaddreamedofasachild・In1850,hepubIishedtheIastinstaiImentsofDavidCopperfield,apartlyautobiographicalnoveIthatwashisfavorite.

TheIntroductiontotheBackground

1.2.1SociaIbackground

“LikesomanyparentsIhaveafavoritechildinmyhear”wroteCharIesDickens."

AndhisnameisDavidCopperfield・uHere,DickensmadegooduseofhisownIifeexperiencetoexposethesocialevilsthatwereprevaIentinVictorianEnglandandwerethemiseriesofchiId-labor,thetyrannyinschooIs,thedebtors'

prison,asweIIasthecrueItyandimmortalityandthetreachery.ThusthenoveIv/asnotmereIyapersonaIrecord,butabroadpictureofthesocietyoftheauthor'

sday・

DavidCopperfield>

Nasanovelwritteninfirst一personpointofview・Itwassometimesreferredtoasanapprenticeshipnovelbecauseitcenteredontheperiodinwhichayoungpersongrewup.ThetypeofnoveIswaspioneeredbyJohannWoIfgangvonGoethe（1749-1832）inhisnovelWiIheImMeistersLehrjahre（WilhelmMeister1sApprenticeship）・DickensbasedthebookinpartonthedifficuItearIyyearsofhisownIife・Thenarrationchangednames,Iocales,andotherdetailsofDickens'

sIife・ForexampIe,whenDickenswasonIyachiId,hehadtoleaveschooltoworkinafactory・Inthenovel,DavidCopperfieldhadtoleaveschooItov/orkinawarehousewashingandIabeIingbottlesusedinthewinetrade・David'

sinitials・）were,ofcourse,thereverseofDickens'

s・）・

DickenswasamasteratdrawingmemorabIecharacters・SomeweresimpleanduncompIicated,IikeBarkis,CreakIe,Murdstone,andClaraPeggotty.OtherswerecompIex,likeDavidCopperfield・Throughoutthenovel,hebefriendedtheweaIthyandcharmingJamesSteerforth,ignoringhisdeviousandmaIevoIentside・Atthesametime,hebefriendedthegood-heartedTommyTraddlesandthehumbIePeggottys.ThesetwoworIds,theworIdofSteerforthandtheworIdofSteerforthandhisfamiIy,bothattractedDavid,andhisimmaturitydecidedwhatshouldconstitutehisownworId・Tobringhischaracterstolife,DickensinvestedthemwithcIearIydefiningvirtuesorvicesanddescribedthecharactersinawaythatenabledthereaderstopicturethemattheseenesinwhichtheyappeared・

1.2.2Novel'

sbackground

OfaIItheDickens'

novels,DavidCopperfieldrefIectedtheeventsofDickensownIifethemost・AsforDavid,sufferinginthepastwasadequatelymadeupforarich,happymarriageandasuccessfuIliterarycareer,justIikeDickenshimself,andtheworIdwasstiIIfulIofhopeandsunshine・ThepIotconstruetionwasratherloose,butitaIsoexceIIedinitsvividimage・ThenarrationofnovelindetaiIwasaIsoworthmentioning,whichgavetheworktruthfuInesstothereaIIife・

WhatwecouldaddtowasthewayinwhichDickenstimeandtimeagaindea11withtheprogressofamaIeherowho,asv/ithDavidinDavidCopperfield（1849-50）andPipinGreatExpectations（1860-1）,cametotermswithworIdasthemiddle-classvaIues・Atthesametime,however,Dickens'

heroesoftenhaveuncomfortabledoubles:

DavidCopperfieldwasshadowedbyHeepandSteerforth,bothofwhomreveaIedthekindofdarksexuaIurgethatDavidattemptedtoconceaIordenyinhisownIife・Itwasasif,inanewmiddle-classcode,DickenswasequaIIyawareoftheprecariousnessorvulnerabiIityofthenewrespectablesociaIconceptionoftheseIf,oftheburiedIifethatwashiddenbeneaththeveneerofpoIitemanners・

DuetotheearIysuccess,thepubIicnotonIygaveDiekensanassurancethatmadesureincreasingpowersofpoeticexpressionandnarrativetechnique,butaIsotheconfideneetodemonstratehisprioritiestoapointwheretheycontradiotedthesocialassumptionsofmanyofhisreaders・AlIhislaternovels,exceptATaleofTwoCities,presentedacriticismofthemostfundamentaiinstitutionsoftheVictorianEngIand・

AlthoughDavidwasignorantofSteerforth'

streachery,wewereawarefromthemomentwemetSteerforththathedidn?

tdeserveofpraisewhichDavidfe11towardhim・DaviddidrTtknowwhyhehatedHeeporwhyhetrustedaboywithadonkeycartwhostolehismoneyandIefthimintheroad,butitwaspossibleforhimtoreaIizeHeep'

sinherenteviIandtheboy'

sreaIintention.InDavid,sfirst-personnarration,DickensconveyedthewisdomoftheoIdermanimplicitly,throughtheeyesofachiId.

Chapter2

LiteratureReviewoftheNovel

SomeScholars'

ViewsontheNovel

SchoIarsbeIievedthatDavidCopperfield'

scareers,friendships9IoveandIife,weremosthighlyinfIuencedbyDickens'

experiences,asweIIashistimeworkingasachiId・David'

sinvoIvementwiththelawprofessionandlaterh\scareerasawritermirrortheexperiencesofDickens・ManyofDavid'

sfriendswerebasedonpeopIewhoDickensactuaIIyknew,andDavid*swives,AgnesWickfieldandDora,werebeIievedtobebaseduponmasterpieceofliteraryworks"

.

Dickens*

attachmenttoMary

Hogarth.DickenskeenlyfelthisIackof

educationduringhistimeat

thatfactory,

andaccordingtotheForster

biography,

itwasfromthese

timesthathedrewDavid*sworkingperiod.

BritishwriterSomerset

Maughamregardedthebookas

'

"

trulya

OneofAmericanIiteratureconnoisseursrecommendedthenoveIasonehundredsofthe20thcentury,distinguishingEngIishnoveI.

ThefamousRussianwriter,LeoToIstoy,saidthatthebookwasthebestoneamongaIItheEngIishnoveIsanditcouId