定语从句完整Word格式文档下载.docx
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us
physics.
那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom
指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略，可用who代替。
Mr
Liu
person
（
whom
）
you
talked
about
on
bus.
刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
man
/
）you
met
just
now
my
old
friend.
3.Which
指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
factory
which
makes
computers
far
away
here.
制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
4.That
指人时，相当于who
或whom；
指物时，相当于which.。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，表语，作宾语时常可省略。
season
that
comes
after
spring
summer.
春天以后的季节是夏季。
I
received
a
letter
came
Australia.
昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
5.Whose
通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
Whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whomthe+n.来替换
Thatismyclassroomwhosewindows（thewindowsofwhich=ofwhichthewindows）werebroken.那个窗户破了的是我的教室。
Theboywhosefather（thefatherofwhom=ofwhomthefather）isadoctorismyclassmate.他的父亲是个医生的那个男孩是我的同班同学。
注意：
关系代词不管是指人，还是指物，在定语从句中做宾语时可以省略，充当主语不可省。
e.g.①Sheisthegirlwho/thatlivesnextdoor.（作主语）
②Themanwho/whom/thatyoumetjustnowismyoldfriend.（作宾语）
③September18.1931isthedaythat/whichwe’llneverforget.（作宾语）
④Thepicturewhich/thatwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.（作主语）
⑤Thisisthescientistwhoseson=thesonofwhom=ofwhomthesonisonly5yearsold.（作定语）
⑥Thatboywhoseleg=thelegofwhom=ofwhomthelegwashurtismybrother.（作定语）
（练习）：
1.—Howdidyougetintouchwiththetravelagent,Robin?
—Oh,that’seasy.IsurfedtheInternetandthencalledone________thetelephonenumberisprovided.
A.whichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.whose
2.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'
sPalace.
A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich
3.Theboy______isintroubleneedsourhelp.
A.whichB.whom
C.whoseD.who
4.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever
5.Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.
A.whereB.whichC.itsD.whose
6.Theboy______isintroubleneedsourhelp.
7.Theprizewillgotothewriter_______storyshowsthemostimagination.
A．thatB．whichC．whoseD．what
8.Thatistheday______I'
llneverforget.
A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when
9.Thefactory______we'
llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.
A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
10..Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?
A.whoB.who'
sC.whichD.whose
11.Thecomrade___isspeakingatthemeetingismyteacher.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose
12.Theboy______isintroubleneedsourhelp.
13.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.
14.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses________arebuiltclosetoeachother.
A．theyB．whereC．whatD．that
15.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool__________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.
A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which
1-5CADCD6-10DCACD11-15CDCDA
当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词在人称，数的方面应该与先行词保持一致。
e.g.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.
Englishisalanguagewhichiseasytolearn.
1.oneof+复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词（用复数）
e.g.Tomisoneoftheboyswhohavepassedtheexam.
Titanicisoneofthemostwonderfulmoviesthatwereplayedallovertheworld.
2.theonlyoneof+复数名词+关系代词+谓语动词（用单数）
e.g.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.
1.Thisisoneofthebestfilms___A____.
A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshown
C.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked
2.Thenumberofthepeoplewho___C____cars_______increasing.
A.owns;
areB.owns;
isC.own;
isD.own;
are
3.Heisoneoftheboyswhooften_____tothecinema.
A.goB.goesC.hasgoneD.havegone
4.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho_____afilmbefore.
A.doesn’tseeB.don’tseeC.hasn’tseenD.haven’tseen
在引导定语从句只用that不用which的情况：
a.当先行词为all,none,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时。
Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
b.先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。
ThisisoneofthebestfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.
Thisisthebestthatcanbedonenow.
c.当先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast,thesame,just,,any,,few,little,no,all等修饰时。
ThisisoneoftheverybookthatIamlookingfor.
d.当先行词既指人又指物时。
Hespokeofthemenandthething（that）hehadseenabroad.
e.当先行词是疑问词who,what,which时或者句子以疑问词who,what,which打头时。
Whothathassuchahomedoesn’tloveit?
f.关系代词在从句中作表语。
Maryisnolongerthegirlthatsheusedtobe.
1.Who’sthecomrade_______youjustshookhandswith?
2.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.
3.Heistheonlyman_______Icanfindforthework.
4.Youmustwatchcarefullyeverything_______theteacherdoesinclass.
5.Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames_______Ihaveeverseen.
6.Thelastplace_______wevisitedinthecountrysidewasafarm.
7.ThefirstEnglishnovel_______IreadwasRobinsonCrusoe.
8.Whenhecamebackfromabroad,Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeople_______hehadvisited.
9.Isthereanyquestion_______troublesyoumuch?
10.Whoistheman_______isspeakingthere?
11.Sheistheonlyperson_______understandsme.
12.Thisistheverybook_______Iamafter.
13.Heisnottheman_______heusedtobe.
14.Isthereanything_______Icandoforyou,miss?
15.Littlehasbeendone_______ishelpfultoourwork.
16.Nothing_______hedoesisbadlydone.
17.Whichisthebook_______yourfatherboughtfromNewYork?
18.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_______hehadstolentothepolice.
19.All_______isneededisasupplyofoil.
20.Chinaisnolongerthecountry_______sheusedtobe.
五．介词+关系代词引导定语从句：
指物用：
介词+which,指人用：
介词+who（介词后不可以用that、who）
e.g.IwanttofindthepenwithwhichIwrotetheletter.
TheheadmasteristhepersonfromwhomIgotthecup.
如果介词放在定语从句句尾，which可以用that替换，whom可以用that/who来替换，而且关系代词可以省略。
e.g.Theschoolinwhichheonceworkedisakeyschool.
=Theschool（which/that）heonceworkedinisakeyschool.
Heisamanofrichexperiencefromwhommuchcanbelearned.
=Heisamanofrichexperiencewhom/who/thatmuchcanbelearnedfrom.
介词+关系代词，介词的判定：
①与定语从句的动词构成固定搭配
ThetwothingsofwhichtheyfeltproudwereJim'
swatchandDella'
shair.
Inthedarkstreettherewasnotasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.
ThisisthebookonwhichIspentsixyuan.
forwhichIpaidsixyuan.
fromwhichIlearnalot.
inwhichthereareafewnewwords.
aboutwhichTomoftentalks.
②根据与先行词的搭配关系选择。
I'
llneverforgetthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.
我永远忘不了我第一次遇见他的那一天。
（theday前面一般用介词on）
Canyouimagineapropersituationinwhichtheexpressioncanbeused?
你能设想一个使用这个词语的场合吗？
（asituation前面一般用in）
③有时须同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和名词的搭配关系。
Isthatthehouseinwhichyouoncelived
那就是你曾经住过的房子吗？
（Liveinthehouse）
④用介词of（表示所属，表示整体与部分的关系都用of）
e.g.Pleasepassmethebookthecoverofwhichisblue.
请把那本蓝封面的书递给我。
（也可用whosecover）
She'
sgotthreeluckypenstwoofwhichsheneveruses.
⑤根据所要表达的意思来确定。
ThisismypairofglasseswithoutwhichIcannotseeclearly.
这是我的眼镜，离了它我什么也看不清。
1.Theoldmanhastwosons,___arelawyers.
A.bothofthemB.bothofwhoC.bothofwhomD.bothofthey
2.Heisamanofgreatknowledge,___muchcanbelearned.
A.inwhomB.aboutwhomC.fromwhomD.ofwhom
3.Pleasepassmethedictionary___coverisblack.
A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whichof
4.Thebuses,____werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.
A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.whichmostD.thatmost
5.Hepaidtheboy10dollarsforwashingtenwindows,mostof___hadnotbeencleanedforyears.
A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which
6.Theprofessorhastwosons,___areteachinginthesameuniversity.
A.neitherofthemB.eitherofthemC.bothofthemD.bothofwhom
7.Oxygenisakindofgas,___wecouldn’tlive.
A.withoutitB.withoutthatC.withoutwhichD.ifnot
8.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone___familywaspoor.
AofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose
9.Thatistheoffice___Lincolnonceworkedin.
A.whereB.whichC.whatD.inwhich
10.Thosearemodelworkers,some___areyoungfellows.
A.ofthatB.ofwhomC.ofwhoD.ofwhose
11.TheScienceBuildingisverybeautiful,behind___thereisanorchard.
A.whichB.whatC.thisD.these
12.Mike,withhelpLilylearnedtorideabike,isakind-heartedboy.
A.whoseB.whatC.whichD.these
1-5CCCBD6-10DCDBB11-12AA
六．Theway做先行词的用法：
当定语从句不完整的时候（缺主语或宾语）：
用that/which来引导，作宾语时可以省略;
当定语从句完整时：
可以用that/inwhich,而且通常可以省略。
e.g.Theway（that/which）heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.
way
（that
in
he
answered
questions
was
surprising.
他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。
don’t
like
which）
laugh
at
her.
我不喜欢你冲她的样子。
Thelazyboyisexpectingaway______hecangetthroughtheexamswithouthardwork.
A.that
B.inthat
C.which
D.where
七．关系副词引导定语从句：
定语从句中的关系副词有三个：
when,where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语，可以用介词+which来替换。
其句法结构如下：
1.表时间的名词+when+定语从句，when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
e.g.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.=IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoBeijing.
2.
表地点的名词+where+定语从句,where指地点，在定语从句中作地
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