4SearchingprefablightcameraparticlesystemterrainWord文档下载推荐.docx

4SearchingprefablightcameraparticlesystemterrainWord文档下载推荐.docx

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SceneViewandHierarchywithactivefilteringofsearchterm.

Whenasearchtermfilterisactive,theHierarchydoesn'

tshowhierarchicalrelationshipsbetweenGameObjects,butyoucanselectanyGameObject,andit'

shierarchicalpathinthescenewillbeshownatthebottomoftheHierarchy.

ClickonaGameObjectinthefilteredlisttoseeitshierarchicalpath.

Whenyouwanttoclearthesearchfilter,justclickthesmallcrossinthesearchfield.

IntheScenesearchyoucansearcheitherbyNameorbyType.Clickonthesmallmagnifyingglassinthesearchfieldtoopenthesearchdrop-downmenuandchoosethesearchmode.

SearchbyName,Type,orAll.

ProjectSearch

ThesamefundamentalsapplytosearchingofassetsintheProjectView--justtypeinyoursearchtermandyou'

llseealltherelevantassetsappearinthefilter.

IntheProjectsearchyoucansearchbyNameorbyTypeasintheScenesearch,andadditionallyyoucansearchbyLabel.Clickonthesmallmagnifyingglassinthesearchfieldtoopenthesearchdrop-downmenuandchoosethesearchmode.

SearchbyName,Type,Label,orAll.

ObjectPickerSeach

WhenassigninganobjectviatheObjectPicker,youcanalsotypeinanysearchtermsearchtofilterdowntoonlytheobjectsyouwanttosee.

●Prefabs

APrefabisatypeofasset--areusableGameObjectstoredinProjectView.Prefabscanbeinsertedintoanynumberofscenes,multipletimesperscene.WhenyouaddaPrefabtoascene,youcreateaninstanceofit.AllPrefabinstancesarelinkedtotheoriginalPrefabandareessentiallyclonesofit.Nomatterhowmanyinstancesexistinyourproject,whenyoumakeanychangestothePrefabyouwillseethechangeappliedtoallinstances.

CreatingPrefabs

InordertocreateaPrefab,youmustmakeanewblankPrefabusingthemenu.ThisblankPrefabcontainsnoGameObjects,andyoucannotcreateaninstanceofit.ThinkofanewPrefabasanemptycontainer,waitingtobefilledwithGameObjectdata.

Anew,emptyPrefab.ItcannotbeinstanceduntilyoufillitwithaGameObject.

TofillthePrefab,youuseaGameObjectthatyou'

vecreatedinthescene.

1.ChooseAssets->

Create->

PrefabfromthemenubarandnameyournewPrefab.

2.InHierarchyView,selecttheGameObjectyouwishtomakeintoaPrefab.

3.Drag&

droptheGameObjectfromtheHierarchyontothenewPrefabinProjectView.

Afteryouhaveperformedthesesteps,theGameObjectandallitschildrenhavebeencopiedintothePrefabdata.ThePrefabcannowbere-usedinmultipleinstances.TheoriginalGameObjectintheHierarchyhasnowbecomeaninstanceofthePrefab.

PrefabInstances

TocreateaPrefabinstanceinthecurrentscene,dragthePrefabfromtheProjectViewintotheSceneorHierarchyView.ThisinstanceislinkedtothePrefab,asdisplayedbythebluetextusedfortheirnameintheHierarchyView.

ThreeoftheseGameObjectsarelinkedtoPrefabs.Oneofthemisnot.

∙IfyouhaveselectedaPrefabinstance,andwanttomakeachangethataffectsallinstances,youcanclicktheSelectbuttonintheInspectortoselectthesourcePrefab.

∙InformationaboutinstantiatingprefabsfromscriptsisintheInstantiatingPrefabspage.

Inheritance

InheritancemeansthatwheneverthesourcePrefabchanges,thosechangesareappliedtoalllinkedGameObjects.Forexample,ifyouaddanewscripttoaPrefab,allofthelinkedGameObjectswillinstantlycontainthescriptaswell.However,itispossibletochangethepropertiesofasingleinstancewhilekeepingthelinkintact.Simplychangeanypropertyofaprefabinstance,andwatchasthevariablenamebecomesbold.Thevariableisnowoverridden.AlloverriddenpropertieswillnotbeaffectedbychangesinthesourcePrefab.

ThisallowsyoutomodifyPrefabinstancestomakethemuniquefromtheirsourcePrefabswithoutbreakingthePrefablink.

AlinkedGameObjectwithnooverridesenabled.

AlinkedGameObjectwithseveral（bold）overridesenabled.

∙IfyouwanttoupdatethesourcePrefabandallinstanceswiththenewoverriddenvalues,youcanclicktheApplybuttonintheInspector.

∙Ifyouwanttodiscardalloverridesonaparticularinstance,youcanclicktheRevertbutton.

BreakingandRestoringPrefabLinks

Therearecertainactionswhichwillbreakthelinkbetweenasingleinstanceanditssourceprefab,butthelinkcanalwaysberestored.Actionsthatwillbreakthelink:

∙AddingorremovingaComponent

∙AddingorremovingachildGameObject

Theseactionswillpromptawarning/confirmationmessageaboutbreakingthelink.ConfirmingtheactionwillbreakthelinksochangestothesourcePrefabwillnolongeraffectthebrokeninstance.Torestorethelink,youcanclickeithertheReconnectorApplybuttonsintheInspectoroftheinstance.

∙ReconnectwilldiscardalldifferencesfromthesourcePrefab.

∙ApplywillcopyalldifferencesintothesourcePrefab（andtherefore,allotherPrefabinstances）

ImportedPrefabs

WhenyouplaceameshassetintoyourAssetsfolder,UnityautomaticallyimportsthefileandgeneratessomethingthatlookssimilartoaPrefaboutofthemesh.ThisisnotactuallyaPrefab,itissimplytheassetfileitself.InstancingandworkingwithassetsintroducessomelimitationsthatarenotpresentwhenworkingwithnormalPrefabs.

NoticetheasseticonisabitdifferentfromthePrefabicons

TheassetisinstantiatedinthesceneasaGameObject,linkedtothesourceassetinsteadofanormalPrefab.ComponentscanbeaddedandremovedfromthisGameObjectasnormal.However,youcannotapplyanychangestotheassetitselfsincethiswouldadddatatotheassetfileitself!

Ifyou'

recreatingsomethingyouwanttore-use,youshouldmaketheassetinstanceintoaPrefabfollowingthestepslistedaboveunder"

CreatingPrefabs"

.

∙Whenyouhaveselectedaninstanceofanasset,theApplybuttonintheInspectorisreplacedwithanEditbutton.Clickingthisbuttonwilllaunchtheeditingapplicationforyourasset（e.g.MayaorMax）.

●Lights

Lightsareanessentialpartofeveryscene.Whilemeshesandtexturesdefinetheshapeandlookofascene,lightsdefinethecolorandmoodofyour3Denvironment.You'

lllikelyworkwithmorethanonelightineachscene.Makingthemworktogetherrequiresalittlepracticebuttheresultscanbequiteamazing.

Asimple,two-lightsetup

LightscanbeaddedtoyourscenefromtheGameObject->

CreateOthermenu.Therearethreetypesoflightswhichwe'

lldiscussinamoment.Oncealighthasbeenadded,youcanmanipulateitlikeanyotherGameObject.Additionally,youcanaddaLightComponenttoanyselectedGameObjectbyusingComponent->

Rendering->

Light.

TherearemanydifferentoptionswithintheLightComponentintheInspector.

LightComponentpropertiesintheInspector

BysimplychangingtheColorofalight,youcangiveawholedifferentmoodtothescene.

Bright,sunnylights

Dark,medievallights

Spookynightlights

Thelightsyoucreatethiswayarerealtimelights-theirlightingiscalculatedeachframewhilethegameisrunning.Ifyouknowthelightwillnotchange,youcanmakeyourgamefasterandlookmuchbetterbyusingLightmapping.

Renderingpaths

UnitysupportsdifferentRenderingPaths,thesepathsaffectmainlyLightsandShadows,sochoosingthecorrectrenderingpathdependingonyourgamerequirementscanimproveyourproject'

sperformance.FormoreinfoaboutrenderingpathsyoucanvisittheRenderingpathssection.

Moreinformation

FormoreinformationaboutusingLights,checktheLightspageintheReferenceManual.

●Cameras

Justascamerasareusedinfilmstodisplaythestorytotheaudience,CamerasinUnityareusedtodisplaythegameworldtotheplayer.Youwillalwayshaveatleastonecamerainascene,butyoucanhavemorethanone.Multiplecamerascangiveyouatwo-playersplitscreenorcreateadvancedcustomeffects.Youcananimatecameras,orcontrolthemwithphysics.Practicallyanythingyoucanimagineispossiblewithcameras,andyoucanusetypicaloruniquecamerastofityourgame'

sstyle.

TheremainingtextisfromtheCameraComponentreferencepage.

Camera

Camerasarethedevicesthatcaptureanddisplaytheworldtotheplayer.Bycustomizingandmanipulatingcameras,youcanmakethepresentationofyourgametrulyunique.Youcanhaveanunlimitednumberofcamerasinascene.Theycanbesettorenderinanyorder,atanyplaceonthescreen,oronlycertainpartsofthescreen.

Unity'

sflexibleCameraobject

Properties

ClearFlags

Determineswhichpartsofthescreenwillbecleared.ThisishandywhenusingmultipleCamerastodrawdifferentgameelements.

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