听力对话类题型分析及相关提示语总结docWord格式文档下载.docx
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account,openanaccount,savingsaccount,currentaccount,banknote,cashacheck,ateller,draw,deposit,withdraw,exchange,exchangerate,interestrate,fixeddeposit,etc.
5、旅馆(hotel):
makeareservation,checkin,checkout,signtheregister,luggage,aroomwithadoublebed,receptionist,reception,frontdesk,roomservice,roomnumber,laundry,porter,starhotel,vacant,etc.
6、理发店(thebarber’s/thehairdresser’s):
haveone’shaircut,cutshort,gotothebarber’s,beard,mustache
7、火车站(therailwaystation):
Thetrainisaheadof(behind)schedule,duetoarrive,platform3,areturnticket,windowseat,timetable,announcement,expresstrain,fasttrain,pullout,pullin,etc.
8、商店(shop)(bookshop,drugshop,fashionshop,shoeshop,adrycleaningshop,atthegrocer’s):
bargain,buy,discount,regularprice,onsale,assistant,change,dress,expensive,cheap,outofdate,price,size,try,cashregister/cashier,children’swear,forsale,fit,fashionable,etc.
9、学校(school):
library,course,class,laboratory,theEnglishDepartment,mark,score,gotoalecture,passtheexam,academicyear,bachelor’sdegree,freshman,graduate,students’union,scholarship,tuitionfee,tutor,etc.
10、机场/飞机(airport/plane):
atGate2,departfrom,departuretime,flightnumber,takeoff,board,fastenseatbelt,non-smokingsection,land,windowseat
二、职业、人物身份及人物关系
shopassistant,secretary,doctor,nurse,librarian,reporter,professor,waiter,waitress,telephoneoperator,clerk,postal(bank,…)clerk,railwayporter,busconductor,taxidriver,cook,salesman,insurance(car,…)salesman,newspaperman,novelist,businessman,pharmacist,lawyer,policeman,receptionist,typist,pilot,plumber,electrician
patientanddoctor,husbandandwife,waiterandcustomer,employeeandboss,studentandteacher,clientandlawyer,father(mother)anddaughter,airhostessandpassenger,operatorandcaller,etc.
三、数字
9sharp,duoto,theprevious,discount,asmanyas,morethan,nomorethan,半(half),多少(moreorless),迟早(late,early),快慢(fastorslow),分数(threefourths),倍数(double,twice),相关的动词,如delay,postpone,,aheadoftime,decrease,bringforward
四、肯定与否定(讲话人的意见,态度)
not,no,neither,never,hardly,scarcely,barely,seldom,little,few,without
I’dlike(love)to,but…outofthequestion,Howabout…?
Whynot…?
Ican’tagreemore
1、以否定形式表示肯定意义
①cannotwait+不定式或canhardlywait+不定式(急于…,迫切希望…)
②cannot与much(too,enough,sufficiently,very连用(无论怎么也不为过)
③cannothelpdoing
④cannotbutdo(不得不,必然)
⑤cannothelpbutdo(不得不)
⑥havenochoice/alternativebuttodo(除做…外别无选择,非做…不可)
⑦nothingbut
2、以比较结构表示肯定意义
①nothinglessthan(和…一模一样,完全是)
②moreAthanB(与其说是B,不如说是A,或是A而不是B)
③lessAthanB(与其说是A,不如说是B,或是B而不是A)
④notsomuchAasB(是B而不是A)
⑤Anotso…asB(A比B)
3、以肯定形式表示否定意义
①anythingbut(根本不)
②usedto(过去常常,是对现在的情况的否定,说明现在已不这样做)
③too…to
④prefer…to…
⑤wouldrather(宁愿…而不)
would…ratherthan
五、含蓄与逻辑推理
含蓄→语音、语调、说话语气+逻辑推理,听懂隐含的意义
A.Couldyoucomeandlookatthewasher?
Itrefusestowork?
B.Don’tyouseeI’mworkingherewithmypapers?
六、虚拟语气
虚拟语气表达的是一种与事实相反的行为状态。
虚拟语气题的解题思路是“反向挑选”.即要从“相反”的角度对整个句子表达的语意进行理解。
答好这类题,关键在于既要了解虚拟语气的基本结构,还要理解虚拟语气句中所包含的假设信息.虚拟语气常用句型:
helooksasif,asthough,ifonly,Iwish,ifIhadknownthat,ifIwereyou,it’sapitythat,itistimethat,Iwouldrather,it’sdesiredthat,lest等。
M:
Doyoulikephysics?
W:
Well,Iwishitwereinteresting.
Q:
Whatdoesthesecondspeakermean?
M:
Johnisasmartboy.
W:
Yes,ifhehadstudiedmore,hecouldhavegottenbettergrades.
四级听力常考的十大场景
四级听力常考的十大场景:
学习选课场景、打工场景、天气场景、看病场景、图书馆场景、论文考试场景、租房场景、出行场景、餐馆场景、减肥场景。
英语是一种模式化的语言,固定的场景其词汇和表达也相对比较固定,平时注意积累场景高频词汇和习惯表达,在四级听力短对话部分可以做到未听先知的状态。
(1)学习选课场景常用词汇:
course课程,lectures大课(老师讲,同学听),tutorials小课(大家讨论,老师指导),classtimetable/schedule课程表,selective/elective/optional选修课,prerequisite/required/compulsory必修课,psychology心理学,anthropology人类学,sociology社会学,zoology动物学,biology生物学,biography传记文学,economics经济学,electronics电子学,statistics统计学,archeology考古学,architecture建筑学,history,physics,finearts美术,accountancy会计学,computing计算机学,programming编程,semester/term学期等。
(2)打工场景常用词汇:
full-time全职,part-time兼职,teachingassistant教学助手,researchassistant研究助手,labassistant实验室助手,administrativeassistant管理助手,waiter招待,waitress女招待,babysitter保姆,dishwashing洗盘子,applicationprocedure申请过程,reference推荐,salary/wage薪水,precareertraining(岗前培训),bonus奖金,telephoneinquiry电话咨询(position,availabletimeforappointment),interview面试(hour,salary,experience),joboffer工作机会(accept,turndown),earnthebread挣钱,bringhomethebreadandbutter挣钱。
(3)天气场景常用词汇:
climate/weather,annual年/average平均/highest/lowesttemperature,-20°
C=minustwentydegreesCelsius/Centigrade摄氏零下20度,wetandwindy,coldandwet,rainy,humid潮湿的,clearup天气放晴,cloudy,flood洪水,drought旱灾。
(4)看病场景常用词汇:
医院及医生
clinic诊所,physician内科医生,surgeon外科医生,dentist牙医,vet兽医,seeadoctor看病,sendforadoctor请医生,makeanappointment预约。
症状
symptom症状,have/catchacold感冒,haveasorethroat嗓子痛,stomachache胃痛,fever发烧,cough咳嗽,headache头痛,toothache牙痛,havearunnynose流鼻涕,depression沮丧,消沉,vomit/throwup/呕吐,dizzy头晕,feelchilly觉得发冷。
疾病
flu流感,allergy过敏症,twisted扭伤的,haveastuffednose鼻子不通,fever发热。
药剂
pills药丸,tablet药片,capsule胶囊,mixture合剂,eyedrops眼药水,syrup糖浆,pad药棉块,vitamin维他命,medication药物,aspirin阿司匹林,coldcure感冒药。
治疗
bandage绷带,injection注射,preventiveinjection预防针,takeone’stemperature量体温,feelone’spulse量脉搏,takeone’sbloodpressure量血压,giveaprescription开药方,haveanoperation动手术。
(5)图书馆场景常用词汇:
动作
checkout登记并借出,renew续借,overdue过期的,迟到的,return归还,payafine支付罚款。
书的状态
available可用到的,可得到的,可以借到的,outonloan借出的,reservedincirculation在书库里,outofcirculation借出,notforcirculation不外借。
借的物品
book书,newspapers报纸,videotapes录像带,journal杂志,periodicals期刊,杂志,currentissue现期刊物,backissue过期刊物。
借书需要证件
librarycard/admissioncard图书馆出入卡,drivinglicense/license驾照,studentcard学生证,librarycard借书卡。
图书馆各部分名称
informationdesk服务台,delivery/circulationdesk借书台,reference(stacks)参考,参考书目,open/closedshelf开架,闭架,photocopyroom复印室,ReturnArea还书处,ReferenceSection参考书部。
(6)论文、考试场景常用词汇:
quiz小测验,mid-termexam期中考试,finaltest期末考试,Open/CloseBookexam开卷/闭卷考,score/points/marks/grades分数,StudentRecordCard/marksheet/transcript学生成绩单,credit(points)学分,degree学位,assessment综合评估,assignments作业,handout(上课老师发的)印刷品,presentation针对某一专题进行的发言,project需要学生进行独立钻研的课外话题/论文,paper/thesis/dissertation论文/博士论文/硕士论文,essay短论文seminar(大学)研究班、讨论会,symposium座谈会、专题讨论,supervise监督,revise/rewrite修改,summary总结,tutorial/lecture/term/semester/subject/graduationpaper小课/大课/学期/学期/科目/毕业论文,topic题目,atleast2000wordsinlength至少2000字,deadline最后期限,extension延期。
(7)租房场景常用词汇
lease租借,landlord房东,landlady女房东,rent租金,lodger寄宿者,flat/apartment公寓,roommate室友,dormitory宿舍,liveon/offcampus住在校内/校外,utilities设施,heater加热器,temporaryaccommodation暂时住所,sublet转租,aleakyfaucet(漏水的水龙头),balcony阳台,lobby公共场所大厅,kitchen厨房,livingroom客厅,dinningroom餐厅,bathroom浴室,afford负担得起。
(8)出行场景常用词汇:
tobookaroom预定一个房间,register登记,tocheckin/out登记入住/结帐退房,motel汽车旅馆,lodge旅馆,cabin小屋,tent帐篷,visa签证,passport护照,travelagency旅行社,relaxation松弛,娱乐,recreation消遣,娱乐,transportation运输,trafficjam塞车,one-wayticket单程票,round-trip/returnticket往返票,flightnumber航班号,direct/non-stopflight直飞航班,terminal终点站,destination目的地,luggage行李,picnic野餐,resort旅游胜地,scenicspot风景点,placeofinterest名胜古迹。
(9)餐馆场景常用词汇:
restaurant餐馆,cafeteria自助餐厅,bar酒吧,waiter男服务生,waitress女服务生,order定购,reserve预定,menu菜单,bill帐单,tip小费,goDutch各自付帐,mytreat我请客,dessert餐后甜点,maindish主菜,recipe菜谱,special特色菜,snack小吃,receiveatip接受小费drink饮料,whisky威士忌酒,wine葡萄酒,alcohol酒,beer啤酒,softdrink不含酒精)饮料。
(10)减肥场景常用词汇:
putonsomeweight/gainsomeweight增重,losesomeweight减肥,onadiet节食,keepfit/stayinshape/keepinshape/getintoshape保持体型,inpoor/terribleshape/outofshape身材不好。