学年新教材高中英语Unit5Revealingnature泛读知识细解码学案外研版Word文件下载.docx
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离某物(……)远
(2)distancen.距离
atadistance隔一段距离;
距离稍远
inthedistance在远处
at/fromadistanceof...在/从……远的地方
keepsb.atadistance对……冷淡;
与……疏远
distanceoneselffrom使远离;
使疏远
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Hishousestandsonahillandcanbeseenfromadistance(distant)oftwomiles,whilemineistenmilesdistantfromhishouse.
②Wecouldseenothinginthethickfogat/fromadistanceoffivemetres,sowegotlost.
③Hethrewthestonewithallhisstrengthanditfellintoapondinthedistance(在远处).
[小片段填空]
Wecanseethewaterfallinthedistance,whosesoundcanbeheardatadistanceoftwomiles.Itlooksquitebeautifulfromadistance,Ithink.
我们可以看见远处的瀑布,它的声音在两英里远的地方就能听见。
我认为从远处看它很漂亮。
知识要点2answerthecall响应号召
(教材P50) Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain'
sfirstchoice.
来应聘的人不是船长的首选。
[例] Theyoungmanansweredthecallandjoinedthearmytodefendhiscountry.
这个年轻人响应号召,参军保卫祖国。
answerthephone/acall接听
answerthedoor开门,应门
answercriticism/charges/accusation
就批评/指控/谴责等作出回应
answeraneed满足需求
answeradescription与描述相符
①Ikeptringingthebell,butnooneanswered(answer)thedoor.
②Amananswering(answer)thepolice'
sdescriptionwasseenenteringthebuilding.
③Howdoyouanswerthecriticismthatyourgovernmenthasdonenothingtohelpthehomeless?
有人批评你们的政府没有为无家可归的人提供任何帮助,你对此有何回应?
知识要点3beadisgrace是耻辱,是丢脸的事
(教材P50) What'
smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily〞.
更有甚者,他最近收到了父亲的一封信,信中预言他将是“他和全家的耻辱〞。
[例] Heisadisgraceandanembarrassmenttothishospital.
他是这家医院的耻辱和尴尬。
(1)disgracev.使丢脸;
使蒙受耻辱;
使名誉扫地;
使失势;
使失去地位
(2)indisgrace很不讨人喜欢
bringdisgraceon使……蒙羞
thereisnodisgraceindoingsth.
做某事不丢脸
①MumtoldmeMeggiewassenthomeindisgrace.
②Hisactionsbroughtdisgraceonthefamily.
③Therewasnodisgraceinfinishing(finish)fourth.
④Youareadisgracetothemedicalprofession.
你是医学界的耻辱。
知识要点4leadto引起,导致;
通向
(教材P50) Despiteallthis,hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.
尽管如此,他在这艘船上的冒险经历将导致有史以来最重要的科学发现之一。
[例] Excuseme,doesthisroadleadtotherailwaystation?
请问,这条路通向火车站吗?
leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事
leadsb.to/into...领着某人去/进入……
leadahappylife过着幸福的生活
inthelead领先,处于首位
takethelead带头
①Theywereinthelead.Thefinishlinewasclose.
②Thestudentswereledintothemuseum,mostofthemwithanotebook.
③Theyleadabusyandcolourfullifeonthecampus.
④Itisreportedthatthediscoveryofnewevidencehadledtothethiefbeingcaught.
据报道,新证据的发现导致小偷被抓住。
知识要点5inquestion正被讨论的;
有疑问,不确定
(教材P50)Theyoungmaninquestion,CharlesDarwin,wasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.
所提到的那位年轻人叫查尔斯·
达尔文,是一位地质学家和博物学家,对岩石、植物和动物都着迷。
[例] Inmyopinion,you'
dbetterkeepyourdistancefromthemaninquestion.
依我看,你最好离那个被讨论的人远一点。
outofquestion(=withoutquestion)没问题
outofthequestion不可能,无法承受
①Herversionofeventswasacceptedwithoutquestion.
②Thefutureofpublictransportisnotinquestion.
③Anothertripabroadthisyearisoutofthequestion.
今年再度出国旅行是绝不可能的。
知识要点6becrowdedwith堆满,挤满
(教材P51) AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica,hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.
达尔文在南美洲待了一段时间后,他船上的房间里塞满了他收集的动植物样本。
[例] Theoldtownsquarewascrowdedwithpeople.
古老的小镇广场上挤满了人。
crowdedadj.拥挤的
crowdn.&
v.人群/拥挤;
聚集
acrowdof/crowdsof...一大群……,很多
crowdin(onsb.)涌上(心头),涌入(脑海)
crowdintoone'
smind涌上某人的心头
crowdinto...大批涌入(狭小的空间)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①Therewerecrowds(crowd)ofpeopleatthetheatre.
②Thismorning,thegroundiscrowdedwithwhitesnow.
③Thecrowdwas/were(be)marchingonthestreettoimprovetheirlivingconditions.
④他突然有了一个想法:
建设另一条高速公路就能解决问题。
a.Athoughtcrowdedintohismindthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.
b.Athoughtcrowdedinonhimthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.
[名师点津]
crowd可用作名词,译作“人群,大众〞,在句中作主语时,谓语动词接单数或复数对待均可,thecrowd“老百姓,大众〞。
知识要点7 (教材P51) Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?
也许动物是随着适应环境的变化而进化的?
(1)evolvev.进化;
开展
[例] Eachschoolmustevolveitsownwayofworking.
每个学校必须形成自己的办学方式。
(1)evolvefrom从……进化;
从……逐渐形成
evolveinto逐渐演变,逐步开展
(2)evolutionn.进化(论);
演变
①Heisinterestedintheevolution(evolve)oftheputeroverthepast30years.
②Allinall,atleastatthisstage,it'
sunlikelythatonlinelearningwillevolveintothedominantformofeducation.
③TheideaevolvedfromadrawingIdiscoveredintheroom.
这种想法是从我在房间里发现的一幅画得到启发的。
(2)adaptto适应,适合
[例] Wemustadapttothenewchangesthroughourcontinuouslearning.
我们必须通过持续不断的学习来适应新变化。
(1)adapt...to...使……适应或适合……
adapt...from...根据……改编或改写
adapt...for...改编或改作……之用
(2)adaptableadj.能适应的,适应性强的
adaptationn.改编(本),改造;
适应
①Themoviethathadbeenadaptedforchildrenwasadaptedfromanovel.
②HaveyouwatchedtheTVseriesadaptedfromhisnovelofthesamename?
③Mike,MaryandIhadadiscussionabouttheadaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.
④Isuggestedhe(should)adapthimselftohisnewconditions.
我建议他应该使自己适应新的环境。
知识要点8suspectv.猜测,怀疑,觉得
(教材P51) Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromamonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.
达尔文认为这些雀科小鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来,这个祖先很久以前就来到了这些岛屿。
[例] Heistheprimesuspectinthecase.
他是这个案子的首要嫌疑人。
suspectthat...认为/猜测/觉得……
suspectsb.tobe...怀疑某人是……
suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事
①Whathesaidsoundedreasonable,butIsuspectedittobe(be)alie.
②Thedoctorsuspectedthathewasillwithflu.
③Whatmadeyoususpectherofhavingstolenthemoney?
你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的?
SentencePattern
重点句式 so...that...句型
(教材P51) ButDarwin'
sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.
但是达尔文的科学研究非常令人信服,结果越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。
句式分析:
句中的so...that...表示“如此……以至于……〞,that引导结果状语从句。
[例] Hewassoangrythathecouldn'
tsayaword.
他气得说不出话。
so+
such
①ItissuchniceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothebeach.
②TheshopsellssuchexpensivegoodsthatIwanttobuynothingthere.
③Hegavemesolittletimethatitwasimpossibleformetofinishtheworkontime.
④他是这样好的人,我们不能怪他。
a.He'
ssuchagoodpersonthatwemustn'
tblamehim.
b.He'
ssogoodapersonthatwemustn'
(教材P51)WhentheBeaglereachedtheGalá
pagosIslandsin1835,Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.
[分析] 本句是一个并列复合句。
but连接两个并列分句,第一个分句是复合句,when引导时间状语从句,but后面是一个强调句,强调主语thebirds。
[译文] 1835年,当“贝格尔号〞到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,达尔文看到了许多新物种,但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
教材
高考
1.Thecaptainoftheship,theBeagle,wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown〞.
(2019·
某某卷)Tomanypeople,technologymeansputers,handhelddevices,
orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.
2.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?
(2020·
全国卷Ⅲ)AgroupofseadwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolved
intobetterdivers.
3.Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromamonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.
新高考全国卷Ⅰ)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Togrowcrops,youhavetolearnhowtosowtheseeds(seed).
2.Theycollectseveralbloodsamples(sample)foranalysisatanationallaboratory.
3.Thekeynotespeechisabouttheevolution(evolve)oftheputer.
4.Itwassuspected(suspect)thathehadsomeconnectionwiththerobbery.
5.Thestonetoolsindicatetheearlyculturalcapabilitiesofourhumanancestors(ancestor).
6.Naturalselectionensuresonlythefittestsurvivetopasstheirgenesontothenextgeneration(generate).
7.TheswimmerwassenthomefromtheOlympicsindisgrace.
8.Thetraditionalcrosstalkhasalonghistory,dating(date)backtotheQinDynasty.
9.Thechildrenwatched,fascinated(fascinate),asthepicturebegantoappear.
10.Itwasinasmallvillageinthesouththathespenthischildhood.
Ⅱ.短语填空
answerthecall,beadisgrace,beginwith,leadto,ofalltime,becrowdedwith,besimilarto,lookfor,accordingto,beregardedas
1.NotonlyisyourmarkinEnglishadisgrace,butyouhaveevenfailedinmathematics.
2.Heisregardedasthemostsuccessfulmusicianofmoderntimes.
3.Airports,railwaystationsandlongdistancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturners.
4.Hesaiddroughthadledtoseverecropfailureforthesecondyearrunning.
5.Asasayinggoes,ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswiththefirststep.
6.Weallneedtolookforwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.
7.RobertoBaggiowassettobeeoneofthegreatestplayersofalltime.
8.Letussupposean