学年新教材高中英语Unit5Revealingnature泛读知识细解码学案外研版Word文件下载.docx

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学年新教材高中英语Unit5Revealingnature泛读知识细解码学案外研版Word文件下载.docx

离某物(……)远

(2)distancen.距离

atadistance隔一段距离;

距离稍远

inthedistance在远处

at/fromadistanceof...在/从……远的地方

keepsb.atadistance对……冷淡;

与……疏远

distanceoneselffrom使远离;

使疏远

[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子

①Hishousestandsonahillandcanbeseenfromadistance(distant)oftwomiles,whilemineistenmilesdistantfromhishouse.

②Wecouldseenothinginthethickfogat/fromadistanceoffivemetres,sowegotlost.

③Hethrewthestonewithallhisstrengthanditfellintoapondinthedistance(在远处).

[小片段填空]

Wecanseethewaterfallinthedistance,whosesoundcanbeheardatadistanceoftwomiles.Itlooksquitebeautifulfromadistance,Ithink.

我们可以看见远处的瀑布,它的声音在两英里远的地方就能听见。

我认为从远处看它很漂亮。

知识要点2answerthecall响应号召

(教材P50) Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain'

sfirstchoice.

来应聘的人不是船长的首选。

[例] Theyoungmanansweredthecallandjoinedthearmytodefendhiscountry.

这个年轻人响应号召,参军保卫祖国。

answerthephone/acall接听

answerthedoor开门,应门

answercriticism/charges/accusation

就批评/指控/谴责等作出回应

answeraneed满足需求

answeradescription与描述相符

①Ikeptringingthebell,butnooneanswered(answer)thedoor.

②Amananswering(answer)thepolice'

sdescriptionwasseenenteringthebuilding.

③Howdoyouanswerthecriticismthatyourgovernmenthasdonenothingtohelpthehomeless?

有人批评你们的政府没有为无家可归的人提供任何帮助,你对此有何回应?

知识要点3beadisgrace是耻辱,是丢脸的事

(教材P50) What'

smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily〞.

更有甚者,他最近收到了父亲的一封信,信中预言他将是“他和全家的耻辱〞。

[例] Heisadisgraceandanembarrassmenttothishospital.

他是这家医院的耻辱和尴尬。

(1)disgracev.使丢脸;

使蒙受耻辱;

使名誉扫地;

使失势;

使失去地位

(2)indisgrace很不讨人喜欢

bringdisgraceon使……蒙羞

thereisnodisgraceindoingsth.

做某事不丢脸

①MumtoldmeMeggiewassenthomeindisgrace.

②Hisactionsbroughtdisgraceonthefamily.

③Therewasnodisgraceinfinishing(finish)fourth.

④Youareadisgracetothemedicalprofession.

你是医学界的耻辱。

知识要点4leadto引起,导致;

通向

(教材P50) Despiteallthis,hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.

尽管如此,他在这艘船上的冒险经历将导致有史以来最重要的科学发现之一。

[例] Excuseme,doesthisroadleadtotherailwaystation?

请问,这条路通向火车站吗?

leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事

leadsb.to/into...领着某人去/进入……

leadahappylife过着幸福的生活

inthelead领先,处于首位

takethelead带头

①Theywereinthelead.Thefinishlinewasclose.

②Thestudentswereledintothemuseum,mostofthemwithanotebook.

③Theyleadabusyandcolourfullifeonthecampus.

④Itisreportedthatthediscoveryofnewevidencehadledtothethiefbeingcaught.

据报道,新证据的发现导致小偷被抓住。

知识要点5inquestion正被讨论的;

有疑问,不确定

(教材P50)Theyoungmaninquestion,CharlesDarwin,wasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plantsandanimals.

所提到的那位年轻人叫查尔斯·

达尔文,是一位地质学家和博物学家,对岩石、植物和动物都着迷。

[例] Inmyopinion,you'

dbetterkeepyourdistancefromthemaninquestion.

依我看,你最好离那个被讨论的人远一点。

outofquestion(=withoutquestion)没问题

outofthequestion不可能,无法承受

①Herversionofeventswasacceptedwithoutquestion.

②Thefutureofpublictransportisnotinquestion.

③Anothertripabroadthisyearisoutofthequestion.

今年再度出国旅行是绝不可能的。

知识要点6becrowdedwith堆满,挤满

(教材P51) AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica,hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.

达尔文在南美洲待了一段时间后,他船上的房间里塞满了他收集的动植物样本。

[例] Theoldtownsquarewascrowdedwithpeople.

古老的小镇广场上挤满了人。

crowdedadj.拥挤的

crowdn.&

v.人群/拥挤;

聚集

acrowdof/crowdsof...一大群……,很多

crowdin(onsb.)涌上(心头),涌入(脑海)

crowdintoone'

smind涌上某人的心头

crowdinto...大批涌入(狭小的空间)

[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译

①Therewerecrowds(crowd)ofpeopleatthetheatre.

②Thismorning,thegroundiscrowdedwithwhitesnow.

③Thecrowdwas/were(be)marchingonthestreettoimprovetheirlivingconditions.

④他突然有了一个想法:

建设另一条高速公路就能解决问题。

a.Athoughtcrowdedintohismindthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.

b.Athoughtcrowdedinonhimthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.

[名师点津]

crowd可用作名词,译作“人群,大众〞,在句中作主语时,谓语动词接单数或复数对待均可,thecrowd“老百姓,大众〞。

知识要点7 (教材P51) Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?

也许动物是随着适应环境的变化而进化的?

(1)evolvev.进化;

开展

[例] Eachschoolmustevolveitsownwayofworking.

每个学校必须形成自己的办学方式。

(1)evolvefrom从……进化;

从……逐渐形成

evolveinto逐渐演变,逐步开展

(2)evolutionn.进化(论);

演变

①Heisinterestedintheevolution(evolve)oftheputeroverthepast30years.

②Allinall,atleastatthisstage,it'

sunlikelythatonlinelearningwillevolveintothedominantformofeducation.

③TheideaevolvedfromadrawingIdiscoveredintheroom.

这种想法是从我在房间里发现的一幅画得到启发的。

(2)adaptto适应,适合

[例] Wemustadapttothenewchangesthroughourcontinuouslearning.

我们必须通过持续不断的学习来适应新变化。

(1)adapt...to...使……适应或适合……

adapt...from...根据……改编或改写

adapt...for...改编或改作……之用

(2)adaptableadj.能适应的,适应性强的

adaptationn.改编(本),改造;

适应

①Themoviethathadbeenadaptedforchildrenwasadaptedfromanovel.

②HaveyouwatchedtheTVseriesadaptedfromhisnovelofthesamename?

③Mike,MaryandIhadadiscussionabouttheadaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.

④Isuggestedhe(should)adapthimselftohisnewconditions.

我建议他应该使自己适应新的环境。

知识要点8suspectv.猜测,怀疑,觉得

(教材P51) Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromamonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.

达尔文认为这些雀科小鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来,这个祖先很久以前就来到了这些岛屿。

[例] Heistheprimesuspectinthecase.

他是这个案子的首要嫌疑人。

suspectthat...认为/猜测/觉得……

suspectsb.tobe...怀疑某人是……

suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事

①Whathesaidsoundedreasonable,butIsuspectedittobe(be)alie.

②Thedoctorsuspectedthathewasillwithflu.

③Whatmadeyoususpectherofhavingstolenthemoney?

你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的?

SentencePattern

重点句式 so...that...句型

(教材P51) ButDarwin'

sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.

但是达尔文的科学研究非常令人信服,结果越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。

句式分析:

句中的so...that...表示“如此……以至于……〞,that引导结果状语从句。

[例] Hewassoangrythathecouldn'

tsayaword.

他气得说不出话。

so+

such

①ItissuchniceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothebeach.

②TheshopsellssuchexpensivegoodsthatIwanttobuynothingthere.

③Hegavemesolittletimethatitwasimpossibleformetofinishtheworkontime.

④他是这样好的人,我们不能怪他。

a.He'

ssuchagoodpersonthatwemustn'

tblamehim.

b.He'

ssogoodapersonthatwemustn'

(教材P51)WhentheBeaglereachedtheGalá

pagosIslandsin1835,Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.

[分析] 本句是一个并列复合句。

but连接两个并列分句,第一个分句是复合句,when引导时间状语从句,but后面是一个强调句,强调主语thebirds。

[译文] 1835年,当“贝格尔号〞到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,达尔文看到了许多新物种,但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。

教材

高考

1.Thecaptainoftheship,theBeagle,wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown〞.

(2019·

某某卷)Tomanypeople,technologymeansputers,handhelddevices,

orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.

2.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?

(2020·

全国卷Ⅲ)AgroupofseadwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolved

intobetterdivers.

3.Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromamonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.

新高考全国卷Ⅰ)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Togrowcrops,youhavetolearnhowtosowtheseeds(seed).

2.Theycollectseveralbloodsamples(sample)foranalysisatanationallaboratory.

3.Thekeynotespeechisabouttheevolution(evolve)oftheputer.

4.Itwassuspected(suspect)thathehadsomeconnectionwiththerobbery.

5.Thestonetoolsindicatetheearlyculturalcapabilitiesofourhumanancestors(ancestor).

6.Naturalselectionensuresonlythefittestsurvivetopasstheirgenesontothenextgeneration(generate).

7.TheswimmerwassenthomefromtheOlympicsindisgrace.

8.Thetraditionalcrosstalkhasalonghistory,dating(date)backtotheQinDynasty.

9.Thechildrenwatched,fascinated(fascinate),asthepicturebegantoappear.

10.Itwasinasmallvillageinthesouththathespenthischildhood.

Ⅱ.短语填空

answerthecall,beadisgrace,beginwith,leadto,ofalltime,becrowdedwith,besimilarto,lookfor,accordingto,beregardedas

1.NotonlyisyourmarkinEnglishadisgrace,butyouhaveevenfailedinmathematics.

2.Heisregardedasthemostsuccessfulmusicianofmoderntimes.

3.Airports,railwaystationsandlongdistancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturners.

4.Hesaiddroughthadledtoseverecropfailureforthesecondyearrunning.

5.Asasayinggoes,ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswiththefirststep.

6.Weallneedtolookforwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.

7.RobertoBaggiowassettobeeoneofthegreatestplayersofalltime.

8.Letussupposean

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