考研英语一真题及答案word版Word下载.docx
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_7_bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsoffera
shortsermonand_8_prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonythebride'
sand
groom'
swrists,and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilyinwiththewife'
s
parentsandmay12withthemuptoayear,13theycanbuildanewhouse
nearby.
Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorcedpersonsare
15withsomedisapproval.Eachsprouseretains16propertyheorshe17
intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorced
personsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up:
Thedivorcedmale
doesn'
thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwait
tenmonths.
1.[A]bywayof[B]onbehalfof[C]aswellas[D]withregardto
2.[A]adaptto[B]providefor[C]competewith[D]decideon
3.[A]close[B]renew[C]arrange[D]postpone
4.[A]Aboveall[B]Intheory[C]Intime[D]Forexample
5.[A]Although[B]Lest[C]After[D]Unless
6.[A]into[B]within[C]from[D]through
7.[A]since[B]but[C]or[D]so
8.[A]copy[B]test[C]recite[D]create
9.[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying
10.[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving
11.[A]meeting[B]collection[C]association[D]union
12.[A]grow[B]part[C]deal[D]live
13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]if[D]for
14.[A]obtain[B]follow[C]challenge[D]avoid
15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed
16.[A]whatever[B]however[C]whenever[D]wherever
17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed
18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided
19.[A]breaks[B]warms[C]shows[D]clears
20.[A]so[B]while[C]once[D]inthat
Text1
France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecidedits
fashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Its
lawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrime
toemployultra-thinmodelsonrunaways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtoban
websitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.
Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshould
notbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That'
sastart.Andthe
banonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarving
themselvestodeath-assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmust
takeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthe
socialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.
Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen（andmanymen）thatthey
shouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthat
peopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthan
dietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.
TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochange
aculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,
usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbody
masscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.
Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterial
adornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafew
othercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashion
imagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.
IncontrasttoFrance'
sactions,Denmark'
sfashionindustryagreedlastmonth
onrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsof
models.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:
“Weare
awareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbody
ideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.”Thecharter'
smaintoolofenforcementisto
denyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek
（CFW）,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesona
name-and-shamemethodofcompliance.
Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbody
idealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeauty
beyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.
21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?
[A]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.
[B]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.
[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.
[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.
22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2,Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto
[A]heighteningthevalueof.
[B]indicatingthestateof.
[C]losingfaithin.
[D]doingharmto.
23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry?
[A]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.
[B]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.
[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.
[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.
24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor
[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions.
[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels'
character.
[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors.
[D]settingahighagethresholdformodels.
25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?
[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry'
sBodyIdeals
[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinFrance
[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty
[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry
Text2
Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.In
Britainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“the
countryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealth
Service（NHS）aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimited
politicalsupport.
AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylish
housesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”Itwas
specificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycould
experience“arefreshingair.”Hill'
spressureslaterledtothecreationofnational
parksandgreenbelts.Theydon'
tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyear
concreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.
Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.
TheConservatives'
planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriority
overconservation,evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemight
object.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.
Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsoppose
development.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,has
sidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.Its
CampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConservative
parties.
Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,
incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagents
StirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesinthe
Londonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseven
trueroftheprovinces.
Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.
Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.Under
lobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovation
andrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnot
afreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalways
grow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheir
character.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?
Developmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,Britainis
Europe'
smostcrowdedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghas
enabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-density
urbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative—thecorruptedlandscapesof
southernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshould
unitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.
spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside____
'
26.Britain
[A]didn'
tstarttilltheShakespeareanage.
[B]hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS.
[C]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily.
[D]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics.
27.AccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenow
being____
[A]graduallydestroyed.
[B]effectivelyreinforced.
[C]largelyovershadowed.
[D]properlyprotected.
28.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?
[A]Labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment.
[B]TheConservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building.
[C]TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence.
[D]Ukipmaygainfromitssupp
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