普通高等学校招生统一考试模拟卷一英语全国1卷Word格式文档下载.docx

普通高等学校招生统一考试模拟卷一英语全国1卷Word格式文档下载.docx

《普通高等学校招生统一考试模拟卷一英语全国1卷Word格式文档下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《普通高等学校招生统一考试模拟卷一英语全国1卷Word格式文档下载.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

不能答在试卷上。

.

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；

如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；

不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;

每小题2分,满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。

A

In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—

butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;

theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.

In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.

HowdidDickensgettothetop?

Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;

todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It’spartlytruethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiences

fromallwalksoflife.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.

1．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?

A．Theyweredifficulttounderstand.

B．Theywerepopularamongtherich.

C．Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.

D．Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.

2．DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress________.

A．hisreputationinFrance

B．hisinterestinmodernart

C．hissuccessinpublication

D．hisimportanceinliterature

3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A．Torememberagreatwriter.

B．TointroduceanEnglishnovel.

C．Toencouragestudiesonculture.

D．TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.

B

ElNifio,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNifioseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.

Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997helpedAmerican’seconomygrowby15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesingrowththanthefallinpoorones.

ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought（干旱）insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.

ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute（ODI）,however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.

Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure（基础设施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers（下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.

4．WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?

A．ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.

B．Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.

C．ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.

D．Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.

5．WhatmayElNinosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?

A．Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.

B．Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.

C．Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.

D．Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.

6．ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat_________.

A．moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreduction

B．governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaid

C．victimsofElNinodeservemorecompensation

D．recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirst

7．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A．TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin.

B．ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino.

C．ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.

D．TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino.

C

ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.

“It’snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource（来源）ofinspirationfordesigners,”saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion（时尚）shows.

Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics（美学）onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.

“Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,”saysHill.“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”Ofcourse,notonlyaretoday’stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina—someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese.“VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs—andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,”addsHill.

ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.“ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,”shesays.“Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;

inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina—itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.”

8．WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?

A．Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.B．Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.

C．ItshowedancientChineseclothes.D．ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.

9．WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?

A．Theyaresettingthefashion.B．Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.

C．Theyadmiresupermodels.D．Theydobusinessallovertheworld.

10．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takingon”inparagraph4mean?

A．learningfromB．lookingdownonC．workingwithD．competingagainst

11．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorld

B．AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYork

C．DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAesthetics

D．ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends

D

Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor（因素）.

Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffected,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,thenumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;

inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.

Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline,saidPatrickMcIntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources（资源）.

ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010,McIntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatw