语言学15个自测练习Word格式文档下载.docx
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B.[t]
C.[p]
D.[t]
4.Thereare___________morphemesintheword“disabled”
A.one
B.two
C.three
D.four
5.InEnglish,“dis-“iscalled________
A.afreemorpheme
B.asuffix
C.aninfix
D.aprefix
6.BlackEnglishisprobablythemostwidespreadandmostfamiliar____varietyoftheEnglishlanguage.
A.regional
B.ethnic
C.social
D.lowerclass
7.Thepairofwords“alive”and“dead”are_____________.
A.gradableantonyms
B.complementaryantonyms
C.relationalopposites
D.co-hyponyms
8.____belong(s)totheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily.
A.English
B.German
C.French
D.Allofthem
9.Thesentence“Kidslikeapples”isa___________.
A.two-placepredication
B.three-placepredication
C.no-placepredication
D.one-placepredication
10.Whatistheconstructionofthesentence:
“Thebabysmiled”?
A.subordinate
B.coordinate
C.exocentric
D.endocentric
II.Directions:
Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)
11.Languageisasystemofa____________vocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.
12.Thelinguisticstudyofmeaninginthecontextofuseiscalledp____________.
13.Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisad___________study.
14.AccordingtotheSwisslinguistF.deSaussure,p___________referstotherealizationoflanguageinactualuse.
15.Thethreebranchesofphoneticsarelabelleda____________phonetics,auditoryphoneticsandacousticphoneticsrespectively.
16.M___________isthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.
17.S___________isasubfieldoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesentencestructureoflanguage.
18.Theterma________isusedforoppositenessofmeaning.
19.S________isthesubdisciplineoflinguisticsthatstudieslanguageinsocialcontexts.
20.Variationinlanguageuseassociatedwiththesexofindividualspeakersiscalledg__________varieties.
III.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)
21.Competenceandperformancemean,toN.Chomsky,muchthesamething.
22.Thebasicdifferencebetweenavowelandaconsonantisthatinthepronunciationoftheformeritischaracterizedbytheabsenceofobstructionoftheairstreamanditdoesnothaveaplaceofarticulationinthesamesenseasaconsonant.
23.InEnglish,nouns,verbs,prepositionsandadverbsareopenclassessincewecanregularlyaddnewwordstotheseclasses.
24.Sentencesarestringsofwordsputtogetherinarandomorder.
25.Senseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.Theyaretworelatedbutdifferentaspectsofmeaning.
26.“Itisraininghard”isaone-placepredicationsentence.
27.Idiolectisthestylisticvariationinaperson’sspeech,orwriting,usuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualorcolloquialtoformalorpolite.
28.Bilingualismdescribesasituationinwhichtwoverydifferentvarietiesoflanguageco-existinaspeechcommunity,eachwithadistinctrangeofsocialfunctionandappropriateforcertainsituations.
29.Commissive,atypeofillocutionaryspeechactsbySearle,meansbringingaboutimmediatechangesbysayingsomething.
30.Utterancemeaningisbasedonsentencemeaning;
theformerisconcreteandcontext-dependentandthelatterisabstractandde-contextualized.
练习二
1.F.deSaussureisa(n)_________linguist.
A.American
B.Swiss
C.British
D.Russian
2.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedbilabialstop
A.[p]
B.[m]
C.[b]
D.[t]
3.Ofthe“words”listedbelow,__________isnotanEnglishword.
A.[spin]
B.[lkbi]
C.[strikt]
D.[desk]
4.Theaffixeswhichmanifestvariousgrammaticalrelationsorgrammaticalcategoriessuchas“-ing,-est”arecalled__________.
A.derivationalaffixes
B.freemorphemes
C.inflectionalaffixes
D.roots
5.Thesentencecontainingtwoclausesjoinedbyalinkingwordiscalleda____________sentence.
A.coordinate
B.simple
C.subordinate
D.embedded
6.“Wordsarenamesorlabelsforthings.”Thisviewiscalled_________insemantictheory.
A.mentalism
B.contextualism
C.conceptualism
D.namingtheory
7.Thesemanticrelationshipbetweenflowerandroseis_______.
A.hyponyms
B.hyponymy
C.co-hyponyms
D.superordinate
8.Thewordssuchashandbookandhighwayare___________.
A.formedbyblending
B.coinedbyback-formation
C.compoundwords
D.derivations
9.X-bartheoryis__________________.
A.highlyspecificandconcrete,thereforeonlyusefultosolveconcreteproblems
B.capableofreducingtheredundanciesofindividualphrasalstructurerules
C.sohighlyabstractthatitcanexplainallthepropertiesofallphrasalcategories
D.inefficientincopingwiththelanguagestructuresotherthanthoseofEnglish
10.Thewords“railway”and“railroad”are__________.
A.synonymsdifferinginemotivemeaning
B.synonymsdifferinginstyles
C.dialectalsynonyms
D.synonymsdifferinginregister
11.Apersonwhostudieslinguisticsiscalledal____________.
12.M_________isthelinguisticstudyofhowmorphemesarecombinedtoformwords.
13.Inmodernlinguistics,s__________isconsideredprimaryoverwriting.
14.Therearetwowaystoclassifyconsonants:
byplaceofarticulationandbym___________ofarticulation.
15.S_________isthelinguisticstudyofmeaninginabstraction.
16.H___________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.
17.Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetotheworkingsofthemindiscalledp________.
18.Vowelscanbeclassifiedbythepositionofthetongue,opennessofthemouthandl_________ofthesound.
19.ThenotionoflinguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativismiscalledtheS_________hypothesis.
20.Ane___________isamild,indirectorlessoffensivewordorexpressionsubstitutedwhenthespeakerorwriterfearsmoredirectwordingmightbeharshorunpleasant.
21.Englishlanguageisatonelanguage.
22.Alinguistictabooreferstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythepolitesocietyfromgeneralusesuchasobscene,profaneandswearwords.
23.Chineseisthoughttobethefirstlanguagebymostlinguists.
24.Phonologyisabranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthesentencepatternsofalanguage.
25.Idiolectisapersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombinesaspectsofalltheelementsregardingregional,socialandstylisticvariation.
26.ItisgenerallyacceptedthatthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguageisdividedintotheperiodsofoldEnglishandmodernEnglish.
27.AlocutionaryactofSpeechActTheoryistheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething.
28.Accordingtopredicationanalysis,inthesentence“Themanbeatthedog.”,theword“beat”iscalledpredicate,andthewords“man”and“dog”arecalledarguments.
29.[f]isadentalconsonant.
30.Thetranscriptionofspeechsoundswithletter-symbolstogetherwiththediacriticsiscalledbroadtranscription.
练习三
1.Thestudyoflanguagedevelopmentatsomepointintimeisgenerallytermedas___________linguistics.
A.comparative
B.applied
C.synchronic
D.diachronic
2.N.Chomskyisafamous_____________linguist.
B.British
C.Greek
D.Swiss
3.Inthefollowingsounds___________isavoicelessconsonant..
A.[d]
B.[g]
C.[t]
D.[b]
4.InEnglish,“pill”and“bill”are___________.
A.aphonemiccontrast
B.complementarydistribution
C.assimilation
Daminimalpair
5.Theword“unhappiness”has____________morpheme(s)
C.three
6.InEnglishthelettercombination“care”intheword“carelessness”iscalled___________.
A.suffix
B.prefix
C.infix
D.freemorpheme
7.Awordwithseveralmeaningis