English grammarWord下载.docx

English grammarWord下载.docx

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【Bejinguniversity=theuniversityofBejing】

Thebeststudentinmyclassistheshortestboywiththeshortesthair.

Manistheonlyanimalthatcantalk.

Hisgrandsonplaystheviolinwell.

Shemakesherlivingbyteachingviolin.

Eyeface[in]headnose[on]handarm[by]

Theoldmanledtheboybythehand.

Boththeoldandtheyoungenjoyeatingappels.

Theturnshaveasonandadaughter.

Inthecountrysideintheeastfromthewestonthelefttotherightinthemorning

Bythepoundbythefootbythehour[byweight]

介词的位置一般来说在一个名词或者短语的前面。

名词词组里面有exactly,just,half,double,twice,all,both等做修饰语时，放在这些词后面。

ThedifficultsituationtheimportanceofChinese

Exactlythesamecolorhalfthestoryjusttherightplacetwicethepricedoubletheamountallthestudentsboththebrothers

不定冠词的用法：

一，表示泛指某一个人或者某一个事物。

二，用于物质名词前表示一种、一杯、一场、一份之意。

三，用于具体名词抽象化，表示具体的人或者事。

四，当集体名词作为一个整体时，其前用不定冠词。

五，在同源宾语中，与动词同源的名词前一般要加不定冠词。

六，不定冠词用于形容词做高级前无比较含义，意为很、非常。

七，不定冠词用于序数词前表示在一、又一。

八，不定冠词用于人名前表示不确定的某个人或者与某人名有类似性质的人或物。

九，第一次提及某人起介绍作用

一十，a/an+表语表示职业

一十一，自然现象有adj时用a/an

Acariswaitingattheschoolgate.

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Thecamelisausefulanimal.Pandasaregreatfun.

Aheavyrainfellyesterday.Iwouldlikeacupofcoffeeandasandwich.

Theyregardoverpopulationasadangertosociety.

Theturnersareamusicalfamily.

Dreamasweetdreamsmileanattractivesmiledieagloriousdeath

Heisawiseman.Iwantasecondcupofcoffee.

AJohncalledduringyourabsence.

不定冠词一般位于名词或者名词性短语的前面

IhaveneverspentasdelightfulatimeasthisSunday.

Hehasneverwrittensuchaninterestingbookasthat.

Maggieistooyoungagirltobeleftbyherselfathome.

Thisismorecomplexanideathantheothershehaspresented.

Whatasplendidperformanceyougaveus.

Howtimelyarainwe’vegotinsuchadryseason.

不用冠词的情况

一般来说，物质名词、抽象名称和专有名词不用任何冠词

报纸标题、图像说明、文章标题、标记广告等

可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词以及名词所有格限定

复数可数名词表示泛指时

表示球类棋类游戏的名词前

表示学科、语言和三餐的名词前

在表示日期、月份、季节、节日等名词前

呼吁或用作表语、同位语或补助语表示独一无二的职位、职务的名词

一人身兼多职

Moneyisnoteverything.Thisismyaddress.Youngpeopleliketoreadbooks.

Heisplayingchesswithhisfriendonastone.

Ilikephysics.Itissaidthatitisnotgoodtohaveawalkaftersupperatonce.

January1isNewYear’sDay.Springisthebestseason.Inthespringoftheyear2008

Doctor,I’mnotfeelingmyselftoday.

Wendywasmademonitorforthismonth.

Theyoungworkerhasturnedwriter.

Shehasturnedasuccessfulsinger.

Schoolchurchhospitalandsoon表示用途没有

Childas/thoughsheis,sheplaystheviolinperfectly.

Nosuchthinghaseverhappenedinthisvillage.

Aclerkandwriter

Ininkintown

Attable/atthetableoutofquestion/outofthequestion完全不可能infrontof

Haveyouheardthenews,thepriceofpetrolisgoingupagain.

Polarbearslivemostlyonseaice,whichtheyuseasaplatformforhuntingseals.

一般情况下，在名词词尾加-s。

以[s][z][ʃ][tʃ][dʒ]等音素结尾的名词加-es。

以-th结尾的词加-s。

以元音+o结尾的名词加-s，以辅音+o结尾加+es。

以fe结尾的名词通常fe变为v，再加-es。

以元音+y结尾的名词直接加-s,以辅音+y结尾的名词变y为i再加-es。

Lampsbagsstudios

Busesbrusheswatchesbridges

Mouthspathsyouths

Zoosbamboos

Heroespotatoestomatoes

Leaveshalveswivesknivesshelveswolvesthievesloaves

Handkerchief---handkerchiefs/handkerchievesscarf---scarfs/scarvesdwarf---dwarfs/dwarves

Roofsbeliefschiefsgulfsproofsreefs等

元音+Y加S，辅音+Y变Y为I加ES。

Penny意为价值时为pence,指钱币的数目pennies

以ing结尾的词、由两对等部分构成的词、contents,arms,congratulations,clothes,ashes,goods,wishes,thanks等只能为复数

Engels’s/Engels’work

ThephotoofMaryaphotoofMary’s

Heandshedon’tagreewithme.

Thecarofhersisalwaysbreakingdown.

Onecan’tplaytennisbyhimself.

Getup,beamanforyourself.

Whenonedinesinarestaurantonelikesatabletooneself.

Thecomputercanshutoffofitself.

Thisdressislargerbutcheaperthantheoneonthetophanger.

小用such,少用so.

Ihaven’tenoughtimetohelpyou.Lethedoit.

I’lldososoon.

Ithinkthesameofherasyoudo.

Shelostallthemoney.Ididn’tknowhowshedid.

It’sthepostman.

It’syearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.

Onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteen

Fourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwentythirtyfortyfifty

Sixtyseventyeightyninetyhundredthousandmillionbillion

Howmanyhundredpeopleattendedthemeeting?

Theroomistenfeetlongandfivefeetwide.

Firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfththirteenthtwentieth

TheNo.5streetinthe1990s=inthe1990’s

JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Elevenminusfiveissix=fivefromelevenleavessix.

Fivemultipliedbysixisthirty.

Thirtydividedbyfiveissix=fiveintothirtygoessix.

Thisropeistwicelongerthanthatone.

Thecarrunstwicefasterthanthattruck.

AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.

Theplaneflewtentimesashighasthekite.

Thishillisfourtimestheheightofthatsmallone.

Wehaveproducedtwicemoregrainthisyearthanwedidlastyear.

Thereisthreetimesasmuchwaterinthispotasinthatone.

Thedistanceistenmilesorso.

Theothertwo,anothertwo,both等作主语，谓语为复数

All指人时为复数，指物时为单数

Eachoftheclasshasbeengivenagift.

Theyeachhavewonaprize.

Suchwhohaveplentyofmoneywantmoremoney.

SuchisStephenHawking,whohassufferedagreatdealbutachievesomuch.

Peoplereadforpleasureduringtheirsparetime.

Audience,army,class,crew,crowd,enemy,family,group,government,public,team等作主语时，若看成一个整体为单数，若为每个成员则为复数。

TheChineseareahard-workingpeople.

表示海峡、山脉、群岛等名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数

Earnings,thanks,goods,leavings,clothes,trousers,belongings,savings,scissors等作主语时，只能用复数

对于单复同形的名词的单复数则要看具体情况

只可修饰可数名词的several,afew,few,quite,quiteafew,agreatmany,anumberof,many等作主语时，谓语动词为复数；

其修饰的名词作主语时谓语动词也为复数

修饰不可数名词的只能为单数

Agreatdealoftimewaswastedplayingbutoughttohavebeenfullyused.

Morethanonepersonwasinjuredintheaccident.

Manyapersonwasinjuredintheaccident.

Moremembersthanoneareagainsttheproposal.

Thisisbecausetwothirdsoftheearth’ssurfaceismadeupofvastoceans.

Twothirdsofthesetaskshavebeencompleted.

OneandhalfdayisallIcanspare.

Itisreportedthatinthisareaoneinfourpeoplesuffersfromlungcancer.

Everymanandeverywomanhasagoodreasontobeproudoftheworkdonebytheirfathers.

Noandno也是同上

Notbut,notonlybutalso,or,eitheror,neithernor,等谓语动词人称和数应该和接近它的主语相一致

NeitheryounorIamfitforthejob.

AreneitheryounorIfitforthework?

With,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,like,suchas,asmuchas,nolessthan,ratherthan,including,besides,but,except,inadditionto等短语前的主语任与原主语一致

一些表语形容词如alive,afraid,awake,alone,asleep,worth等作定语时常被置于被修饰词的后面heisthemostfamousscientistaliveintheworldtoday.

限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。

Afraid,alike,awake,alone,alive,ill,well,content,sure,ashamed,asleep,aware,due,fond,glad,likely,ready,sorry,unable,unlikely等用verymuch或much形容

Thisistheverylowestprice.

No,noone,none,nobody,nothing,never,nowhere连用为almost,当修饰any或any构成的不定代词时用almost,与too连用时用almost

Sheistallerthanmebythreeinches.

Notonlyisheclever,butalsoIamfondofmusic.

Affordtodopromisetododeterminetodoexpecttodoarrangetodobegtodo

Admitdoingallowdoingdelaydoingdenydoingfancydoingdislikedoing

Suggestdoingappreciatedoingreportdoingriskdoing

Causesomebodytodoleavesomebodytodowantsomebodytodo

Forbidsomebodytodoobligesomebodytodowishsomebodytodo

Catchdiscoverfeelfindgethavehearkeeplistenlookatnoticeobserveseestartwatch常接现在分词做宾补的动词

Likelovehatepreferbeginstartcontinuecan’tbearbotherintendattemptcease接不定式或动名词区别不大

Awardbringhandlendmailofferowepasspaypostreadreturnsendsellshowteachtellthrowwrite

Hebroughtmeagoodmagazine=hebroughtagoodmagazinetome.

Bookbuychoosecookdrawfetchfindfixgetmakeorderpreparesavesingspare

Myfatherboughtmeanewbicycle=myfatherboughtanewbicycleforme.

Accusecheatcureinformremindridrobwarnsomebodyofdoingsomething

Blamecriticizeforgiveexcusepardonpunishscoldthanksomebodyfordoing

Thepresentsituationisverycomplex,soIthinkitwilltakemesometimetofigureoutitsreality.

I’mnotreallyreading,justturningoverthepages.

动词时态

一般现在时

表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象以及习惯性、经常性的动作或状态，often,usually等

用于时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将要发生的动作

一般现在时表将来的用法不适用与以when或if等引导的名词性从句

主要用于say,see,hear,tell,read,write等表示互通信息的少数动词作谓语的句子中

表示按时间表拟定或安排好的事情或将要发生的动作

表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态

Knowledgeispower.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Healwaysgoestoworklate.

Ifitdoesn’train,we’llgoonapicnicasplanned.

Idon’tknowifhewillcome.Thequestioniswhenwe’llstartouttomorrow.

IhearthatyouhavereadAsYouLikeIt.

Thefinalexamtakesplacenexttime.

Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.Howharditsnows.

现在进行时

表示正在进行以及最近或者较近的将来，按计划或安排即将发生

Wearehavinglunchnow.

WeareleavingforB