Oracle管理与维护常用SQL语句汇总Word文件下载.docx
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select*fromv$version;
查看表空间的使用情况
selectsum（bytes）/（1024*1024）asfree_space,tablespace_name
fromdba_free_space
groupbytablespace_name;
SELECTA.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTESTOTAL,B.BYTESUSED,C.BYTESFREE,
（B.BYTES*100）/A.BYTES"
%USED"
（C.BYTES*100）/A.BYTES"
%FREE"
FROMSYS.SM$TS_AVAILA,SYS.SM$TS_USEDB,SYS.SM$TS_FREEC
WHEREA.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAMEANDA.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
1、查看表空间的名称及大小
selectt.tablespace_name,round（sum（bytes/（1024*1024））,0）ts_size
fromdba_tablespacest,dba_data_filesd
wheret.tablespace_name=d.tablespace_name
groupbyt.tablespace_name;
2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
selecttablespace_name,file_id,file_name,
round（bytes/（1024*1024）,0）total_space
fromdba_data_files
orderbytablespace_name;
3、查看回滚段名称及大小
selectsegment_name,tablespace_name,r.status,
（initial_extent/1024）InitialExtent,（next_extent/1024）NextExtent,
max_extents,v.curextCurExtent
Fromdba_rollback_segsr,v$rollstatv
Wherer.segment_id=v.usn（+）
orderbysegment_name;
4、查看控制文件
selectnamefromv$controlfile;
5、查看日志文件
selectmemberfromv$logfile;
6、查看表空间的使用情况
7、查看数据库库对象
selectowner,object_type,status,count（*）count#fromall_objectsgroupbyowner,object_type,status;
8、查看数据库的版本
SelectversionFROMProduct_component_version
WhereSUBSTR（PRODUCT,1,6）='
Oracle'
;
9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
SelectCreated,Log_Mode,Log_ModeFromV$Database;
10、如何远程判断Oracle数据库的安装平台
11、查看数据表的参数信息
SELECTpartition_name,high_value,high_value_length,tablespace_name,
pct_free,pct_used,ini_trans,max_trans,initial_extent,
next_extent,min_extent,max_extent,pct_increase,FREELISTS,
freelist_groups,LOGGING,BUFFER_POOL,num_rows,blocks,
empty_blocks,avg_space,chain_cnt,avg_row_len,sample_size,
last_analyzed
FROMdba_tab_partitions
--WHEREtable_name=:
tnameANDtable_owner=:
towner
ORDERBYpartition_position
12、查看还没提交的事务
select*fromv$locked_object;
select*fromv$transaction;
14、回滚段查看
selectrownum,sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameName,v$rollstat.extents
Extents,v$rollstat.rssizeSize_in_Bytes,v$rollstat.xactsXActs,
v$rollstat.getsGets,v$rollstat.waitsWaits,v$rollstat.writesWrites,
sys.dba_rollback_segs.statusstatusfromv$rollstat,sys.dba_rollback_segs,
v$rollnamewherev$rollname.name（+）=sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameand
v$rollstat.usn（+）=v$rollname.usnorderbyrownum
15、捕捉运行很久的SQL
columnusernameformata12
columnopnameformata16
columnprogressformata8
selectusername,sid,opname,
round（sofar*100/totalwork,0）||'
%'
asprogress,
time_remaining,sql_text
fromv$session_longops,v$sql
wheretime_remaining<
>
0
andsql_address=address
andsql_hash_value=hash_value
/
查看数据表的参数信息
SELECT
partition_name,high_value,high_value_length,tablespace_name,
pct_free,pct_used,ini_trans,max_trans,initial_extent,
next_extent,min_extent,max_extent,pct_increase,FREELISTS,
freelist_groups,LOGGING,BUFFER_POOL,num_rows,blocks,
empty_blocks,avg_space,chain_cnt,avg_row_len,sample_size,
last_analyzed
FROMdba_tab_partitions
--WHEREtable_name=:
查找object为哪些进程所用
select
p.spid,
s.sid,
s.serial#serial_num,
s.usernameuser_name,
a.type
object_type,
s.osuseros_user_name,
a.owner,
a.objectobject_name,
decode（sign（48-command）,
1,
to_char（command）,'
ActionCode#'
||to_char（command））action,
p.programoracle_process,
s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,
s.statussession_status
fromv$sessions,v$accessa,v$processp
wheres.paddr=p.addrand
s.type='
USER'
and
a.sid=s.sid
and
a.object='
SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'
orderbys.username,s.osuser
耗资源的进程（topsession）
selects.schemanameschema_name,
decode（sign（48-command）,1,
||to_char（command））action,
status
session_status,
s.osuseros_user_name,
s.sid,
p.spid,
s.serial#serial_num,
nvl（s.username,'
[Oracleprocess]'
）user_name,
s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,
st.valuecriteria_value
fromv$sesstatst,
v$sessions
v$processp
wherest.sid=s.sidand
st.statistic#=to_number（'
38'
）and
（'
ALL'
='
ors.status='
）andp.addr=s.paddrorderbyst.valuedesc,
p.spidasc,s.usernameasc,s.osuserasc
查看锁（lock）情况
select/*+RULE*/ls.osuseros_user_name,
ls.usernameuser_name,
decode（ls.type,'
RW'
'
Rowwaitenqueuelock'
TM'
DMLenqueuelock'
TX'
'
Transactionenqueuelock'
UL'
Usersuppliedlock'
）lock_type,
o.object_nameobject,
decode（ls.lmode,1,null,2,'
RowShare'
3,
RowExclusive'
4,'
Share'
5,'
ShareRowExclusive'
6,'
Exclusive'
null）
lock_mode,
o.owner,
ls.sid,
ls.serial#serial_num,
ls.id1,
ls.id2
fromsys.dba_objectso,（
selects.osuser,
s.username,
l.type,
l.lmode,
s.serial#,
l.id1,
l.id2
fromv$sessions,
v$lockl
wheres.sid=l.sid）ls
whereo.object_id=ls.id1and
o.owner
<
'
SYS'
orderbyo.owner,o.object_name
根据sid查是哪台电脑的链接
columnosuserformata15
columnusernameformata10
columnmachineformata30
selectosuser,machine,username,sid,serial#fromv$sessionwheresid='
128'
根据sid查对应的sql
selectSID,SQL_TEXTfromv$open_cursorwhereSID='
查看等待（wait）情况
SELECTv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.countcount,SUM（v$sysstat.value）sum_value
FROMv$waitstat,v$sysstatWHEREv$sysstat.nameIN（'
dbblockgets'
consistentgets'
）groupbyv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.count
查看sga情况
SELECTNAME,BYTESFROMSYS.V_$SGASTATORDERBYNAMEASC
22。
查看catchedobject
SELECTowner,
name,
db_link,
namespace,
type,
sharable_mem,
loads,
executions,
locks,
pins,
kept
FROMv$db_object_cache
查看V$SQLAREA
SELECTSQL_TEXT,SHARABLE_MEM,PERSISTENT_MEM,RUNTIME_MEM,SORTS,
VERSION_COUNT,LOADED_VERSIONS,OPEN_VERSIONS,USERS_OPENING,EXECUTIONS,
USERS_EXECUTING,LOADS,FIRST_LOAD_TIME,INVALIDATIONS,PARSE_CALLS,DISK_READS,
BUFFER_GETS,ROWS_PROCESSEDFROMV$SQLAREA
查看object分类数量
selectdecode（o.type#,1,'
INDEX'
2,'
TABLE'
3,'
CLUSTER'
4,'
VIEW'
5,
SYNONYM'
6,'
SEQUENCE'
'
OTHER'
）object_type,count（*）quantityfrom
sys.obj$owhereo.type#>
1groupbydecode（o.type#,1,'
3
5,'
）unionselect
COLUMN'
count（*）fromsys.col$unionselect'
DBLINK'
count（*）from
25。
按用户查看object种类
selectu.nameschema,
sum（decode（o.type#,1,1,NULL））indexes,
sum（decode（o.type#,2,1,NULL））tables,
sum（decode（o.type#,3,1,NULL））
clusters,
sum（decode（o.type#,4,1,NULL））views,
sum（decode（o.type#,5,1,
NULL））synonyms,
sum（decode（o.type#,6,1,NULL））sequences,
sum（decode（o.type#,1,NULL,2,NULL,3,NULL,4,NULL,5,NULL,6,NULL,1））
others
fromsys.obj$o,sys.user$u
whereo.type#>
=1and
u.user#=
o.owner#and
u.name<
PUBLIC'
groupbyu.name
orderby
sys.link$unionselect'
CONSTRAINT'
count（*）fromsys.con$
有关connection的相关信息
1）查看有哪些用户连接
selects.osuseros_user_name,
decode（sign（48-command）,1,to_char（command）,
p.programoracle_process,
statussession_status,
s.programprogram,
s.usernameuser_name,
s.fixed_table_sequenceactivity_meter,
query,
0memory,
0max_memory,
0cpu_usage,
s.serial#serial_num
fromv$sessions,
v$processp
wheres.paddr=p.addrand
2）根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况
selectn.name,
v.value,
n.class,
n.statistic#
from
v$statnamen,
v$sesstatv
wherev.sid=71and
v.statistic#=n.statistic#
orderbyn.class,n.statistic#
3）根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
select/*+PUSH_SUBQ*/
command_type,
sql_text,
sharable_mem,
persistent_mem,
runtime_mem,
sorts,
version_count,
loaded_versions,
open_versions,
users_opening,
executions,
users_executing,
loads,
first_load_time,
invalidations,
parse_calls,
disk_reads,
buffer_gets,
rows_processed,
sysdatestart_time,
sysdatefinish_time,
||addresssql_address,
N'
fromv$sqlarea
whereaddress=（selectsql_addressfromv$sessionwheresid=71）
27．查询表空间使用情况
selecta.tablespace_name"
表空间名称"
100-round（（nvl（b.bytes_free,0）/a.bytes_alloc）*100,2）"
占用率（%）"
round（a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2）"
容量（M）"
round（nvl（b.bytes_free,0）/1024/1024,2）"
空闲（M）"
round（（a.bytes_alloc-nvl（b.bytes_free,0））/1024/1024,2）"
使用（M）"
Largest"
最大扩展段（M）"
to_char（sysdate,'
yyyy-mm-ddhh24:
mi:
ss'
）"
采样时间"
（selectf.tablespace_name,
sum（f.bytes）bytes_alloc,
sum（decode（f.autoextensible,'
YES'
f.maxbytes,'
NO'
f.bytes））maxbytes
fromd
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